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Introduction to Orthodontics

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Origin of the word

Orthodontics Orthodontics

• orthos – right or correct -branch of dentistry which deals with the study of

• dons – tooth • growth and development of the craniofacial

complex
• Orthodontia by LeFoulon • development of occlusion
• treatment of dentofacial anomalies

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development of occlusion
growth and development of the craniofacial complex

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treatment of dentofacial anomalies

treatment of dentofacial anomalies

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3 Categories of Orthodontics

• Preventive Orthodontics the action taken to preserve the

Preventive integrity of what appears to be
• Interceptive Orthodontics Orthodontics normal occlusion at a specific
time
• Corrective Orthodontics

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employed to recognize and • recognizes the existence of

Interceptive eliminate potential Corrective malocclusion and the need to
irregularities and malpositions employ technical procedure to
Orthodontics in the developing dentofacial Orthodontics reduce/eliminate the problem
complex and attendant sequelae

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Corrective Orthodontics Preventive Orthodontic Measures

• types
a. limited corrective
b. extensive corrective

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Is this Preventive Orthodontics? Interceptive Orthodontic Measures

• serial extraction
pit and fissure sealant fluoride application

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Interceptive Orthodontic Measures Interceptive Orthodontic Measures

• control of abnormal oral habits • mixed dentition analysis (MDA)

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Interceptive Orthodontic Measures Interceptive Orthodontic Measures

• equilibration of occlusal disharmonies • tx of developing mandibular prognathism

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Interceptive Orthodontic Measures Corrective Orthodontic Measures

• tx of developing anterior crossbite • Limited Corrective Orthodontics

a. bite plane b. active Hawley’s plate

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Corrective Orthodontic Measures

a. Prosthodontics
• Extensive
Corrective Orthodontics Correlation of b. Restorative Dentistry
-braces Orthodontics to
Other Disciplines c. Periodontics
d. Surgery
e. Endodontics

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Orthodontics and Prosthodontics Orthodontics and Restorative Dentistry

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Orthodontics and Periodontics Orthodontics and Surgery

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Tissue Systems in
Orthodontics and Endodontics
Dentofacial Development

1. bone system
2. muscle system
3. nerve system
4. tooth system

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History of
Orthodontics

• Hippocrates

HISTORY OF ORTHODONTICS

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Hippocrates Adamandios (5th century)

• “Among those individuals with long shaped heads, Those whose lips are pushed out
.....strongly arched palates, teeth irregularly because of cuspid displacement....
arranged.....

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France in 18th century

• Crude appliances found Pierre Fauchard

in Egypt, Greece and
Mayans of Mexico

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Edward Angle

• Kingsley, Farrar, Talbot and Guilford presented • published a book and established a school for
writings in tx of malocclusion in US(19thcentury) orthodontic specialists

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• in Europe
• in North America

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TERMS

in USA = Orthodontics
in Europe= Great Pioneers
Dentofacial Orthopedics in Orthodontics
Orthopedie dentofaciale
Gebissund Kieferothopedie

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1. Norman Williams Kingsley

Norman
Williams
Kingsley

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a. Classification of Malocclusion

Edward H.
Angle

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b.Orthodontic Appliances
c. Non extraction dogma

E Arch Pin and Tube Appliance

Edgewise Appliance

Ribbon Arch

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a. Against Angle’s non exo concept

Calvin Case

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b. Root movement, Elastics, Light wires c. retainer

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Martin
Dewey

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Albert
Ketcham

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hand-wrist radiograph

Milo
Hellman

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