STUDENT ID Ni MULTIMEDIA 'o ) UNIVERSITY a EEA FUL A MULTIMEDIA UNIVERSITY THIRD TRIMESTER EXAMINATION, SUPPLEMENTARY SSSION 2003/04 ECP2056—DATA COMMUNICATIONS AND COMPUTER NETWORKING (EE, CE, ME, TE, MCE, BMM) 10 May 2004 2:30pm — 4:30pm (2 Hours ) INSTRUCTION TO STUDENT 1. This question paper consists of 7 pages including cover page with 6 questions only. Attempt TWO out of THREE questions fom SECTION A and any TWO out of three questions from SECTION B, All questions carry equal marks and the distribution of the marks for each question is given, Please print all your answers in the answer Booklet providedecr2056 DATA COMMUNICATIONS fe COMPLITER NETWORKING ay 20a SECTION A Question t (a) Identify the key elements of a basic communication system connecting two parties by sketching the system block diagram and explaining the function of each element. {5 marks] (b) Given a data bit stream of 11000000001 10000010. Sketch the wave forms when the data bit stream is encoded with the following clock encoding schemes: () NRZI [2.5 marks] (i) AMI [2.5 marks] (iii), Manchester [2.5 marks] (iv) High Density Bipolar 3 (HDB3) (2.5 marks] Assume that the signal level for the preceding bit for all the above codes is low. (ce) Messages comprising seven different characters, ‘A’ through ‘G', are to be transmitted over a data link. Analysis has shown that the relative frequency of occurrence of each character is given as follows: A0.10, B 0.25, € 0.05, D 0.32, E 0.01, F 0.07, G 0.2 (i) Derive the Huffman code tree. [6 marks) (i) Derive the average mumber of bits per character. [4 marks} ‘Continued... ZO WHTRAGATO “ 27BcP20s6 DATA COMMUNICATIONS & COMPUTER NETWORKING May 200 Question 2 (a) Briefly describe three types of transmission impairment, [6 marks} (b) Name three types of noise, [3 marks] (©) Name threc types of digital modulation. 3 marks] (a) How is QAM related to ASK and PSK? What is the advantage of QAM over ASK. ot PSK? [5 marks] (e) Aline has a signal-to-noise ratio of 1000 and a bandwidth of 4000KHz. What is the maximum data rate supported by this line? [4 marks} (0 State four important characteristics of RS-232 standard? [4 marks] ‘Question 3 (a) Sketch the TCP/IP protocol suite and the OST mode. [4 marks] (6) A sender transmits a TCP segment of 2000-bytes data with sequence number 2004 to a receiver. The receiving TCP has defined a 2k byte buffer, and the receiving application consumes only 500 bytes of data before an ACK is retumed to the sender, (i) What are the sequence number and the maximum data bytes that can be sent in the next TCP segment? (3 marks} (ii) Determine the efficiency of the transmission in (i) at the TCP level if the binary value in the header length (HLEN) field is 1010. {2 marks] (©) Explain how flow control and congestion control can be achieved with TCP in relation to the roles played by a sender and receiver. {6 marks) (@ In a network employing TCP with congestion control, the original slow start threshold (ssthresi) is 32 segments and the initial sender window is 1 segment. After the congestion window being increased to 16, a packet lost is detected. If subsequently there is no congestion and packet fost, determine the total time needed for the congestion window to increase to 20 segments from the beginning of the transmission if the round-trip time is constant at Sms. (5 marks] Continued... LIKSONETTIAGINTCIA ° 37emnes6 ATA COMMUNICATIONS & COMPUTER NETWORKING MAY 2008 (@) Inthe network shown in Figure 3.1, frames are generated at node A. and sent 16 rode D through nodes P and Q. Node A can only send the subsequent frame once it receives the acknowledge for the current frame from node D. Determine the link utilization between nodes A. and P based on the following conditions: [5 marks] = The data rate between A and P is 128kbps + The data rate between P and Q is 64kbps = The date rate between Q and Dis 256kbps «The propagation delay in all links is 2x 10° ms" + All inks are full duplex + All data frames are 512 bytes long, «ACK frames are negligible in size and the processing at the nodes is instantaneous + [dle-RQ flow control scheme is used between all connected nodes = Assume that there is no error Given that: Link efficiency. U where Ty is the duration for the transmitter to transmit a frame Tris the time the transmitter has to wait before it can send the next segment Continued... ZKSIWHTMAGITCIA aidecP2056 DATA COMMUNICATIONS & COMPUTER NETWORKING MAY 20 SECTION B Question + (a) Briefly highlight the different types of fiber and sketch the propagation of Tight beams through these fibers [9 marks] (6) Describe the mechanism of CSMA/CD. (8 marks] (©) A 1.5Mbps token ring network has 20 equally spaced stations, Assume that the packet size is 256 bit and the propagation speed on medium is 2.5x10" ms" (i) Determine the ratio of propagation delay to frame transmission time (a) and the utilization factor (U), if the length of the ring is 80km. ia marks] (ii) Whats the answer for part () ifthe length of the ring is 40km? [4 marks] The efficiency of the network is given by where aris the ratio of propagation delay to frame transmission time Nis the number of stations on the network Continued... ZIKSIWHTMAGIHTCIA, sncP2086 DATA COMMUNICATIONS & COMPUTER NETWORKING May 2008 Question 5 (@) Referring to Figure 5.1, describe in details the three phases involved in Circut witching assuming a connection is to be se tup and torn down between station and E. [10 marks] (b) State two disadvantages of circuit switching? [2 marks} (©) A message with size 1000bits is to be sent from station A to station FS hops) @ Calculate the total time needed to send the whole message (including the setup success acknowledgement), The following parameters should be considered km Distance between switching nodes, L Signal Propagation speed, V =2 x10° ms" Call Request Signal processing delay per node, Ter nse 10Hs Network data rate (on all links), B = LOMbps Assume the distance between the edge switching nodes and workstations are negligible (8 marks} If this is a datagram network with a maximum allowable packet size of 1500bits and a packet processing time per node, Thc of 15us, what is the time required fo dond this message over assuming the header size is negligible? Comment on the fesult in comparison to the result obtained in (c) focusing on the message size. {5 marks} Continued... ZIKSAVUT AGATE 67ecP2056 DATA COMMUNICATIONS && COMPUTER NETWORKING May 2008 ‘Question 6 (a) A router with 3 Ethernet interfaces is shown in Figure 6.1. Specify the network ‘addresses and their classes for LAN A, B and C. (3 marks] Also, determine the IP addresses for Host! and Host6 that have hostid of 01112 and 10012, respectively (2 marks] Rober interface C 1p: 223.255.2554 Router Interface A IP: 126.255.255.1 Lana /“ Lan | Lane Cavs] np | HUBC Canis fos \_ Cis Host é > Cte Von 4 Wot 9 Gatos prion 255.2552 Figure 6.1 (b) The initial routing table for the routers in Figure 6.2 is given below. Derive the final routing tables using distance vector algorithm (16 marks] Initial routing table: Ri: v —~ = © : 7 R2: R3: Ra: R: router D: distance gure 6.2 (©) Explain briefly the function of ARP. {4 marks] End of page ZKSIWHTIMAGIHTOA 77