NAME~KOMAL TJALSWAL 24 Schools of Muslim Law FAMILY LAW ASSIGNMENT Tere are te main selrools of rmruslin lw — The Aunni« and Shias . Roth sects arc apain Aividea inte reaber ef Schock. The cluuion between the tn the clap ule Concerning the question qs 2 Charackeriitie complron the. docthina of the too Achools A Sunni Sub Schools - The frit who deucloped fix, votiom the : ' and af this systim of jrouprudence a Jon. Sunni Pee of. eae (aw Ore as follows a) Abu Hanifa b) Malik Ibn Anos ro) Mohammad Ash Shafer 4) Ahmad Ibn Hanbal judicial Hanafi Cchool Legal Doctrines of Hoxete Scheel - TH Salient Reatune | ee epee og Islam legend the hordes of Arabs. the fourdallon and organtsalion of the Caliphati » the extension Ff Islanic Atale and accession of new lends ube it vealed into eonlact of diffruut aibtines and races ‘Scanned withTlance Aoeisly had & Jace vartous political soul and [eyal pottens, Iriam Abu Hanide, felt te nom of Tine and with a sacred goal b pruave dimen Law of Ishin Ae start systenabic say of Ielanuc. Jurisprudence and (egan FY Islance lao. Metlods of formultog of Legal Principles — Imam Abu Haucfa based hiv dectrinu on Quran and HadiHt, fccordiay ts hain Quran U ebernal im ik ofgeral ebenee tt U word of God . He vegarded Quran oA the foot and primary source. of oleducting He form Of vituals bearing on Civil and Cisminel Leity OF for declu the neomal principles cotcch showld govern a case. Abu Hanga yaractid only severTénn tyadiHons and preferred Sigas pwtich nea the analogeeat deductiou from passages OCcUuning in the Quran teld by leu cum option . He relled leas Upon traditions th esting at legal conclusions | | aud yore Upmr enalogion! Aeduchinrs He Istluan cr Turtle fquly - deduucling law from ‘the Buren and Hadlth jurist is requued te use hiv talent and it an adnuitted Principe of all hunnu that if Aryes u inconsistent with Quran it will be aot aside . Aecorduny te Abu Honifa , Zs ‘Scanned with CamScannertolen a deduction 4 Lased om analogy ad aud is rot acceptable eitir Lecacae If UW ayant border rules of justice py it uo not in the Mmtererl of publee pare Lhe just U at Uberty & reject the srinhe: dna te cdept me uhich & nove suctable Ishhaan loan Alec Homa and Djmam Her view Yegarding [fre ls nore comprehensive and broad than Naas of Ku Contemporary purist a He effamed ws vallify at energy age Unf or Usage and Ishi — Abu Hawcfa vecopnised the aucthovucty GF vsstom and uacges Qa source of (aw. The Quran and the percepli of the prophet wee woth, how as vith all other jurists , the primary Aources Ima Comung next bo tiem , analagy , jrrcelic prefrenrer ard letal crits levy vegorded rrercly a4 secondary aeurces, Lltidlel in ordu ae rreani the 4 jaan dna Dhan wpe from one they Molkki Scheel Salcent Fealires Methed. of Fornulatiry leadeny Principles — Iman, Malika 4rrt Source Wax err Beall Quran anol Then came the Crodifionr 4 Prophet. Prong traditions psrich were collected ond nrerratid by tha troditimuts of Madina . Fter pencept, of 3 ‘Scanned withPrephet Hur other sources of we are [fra and Tamul os he emuidured that prackeer of people of Moding erhibited tu tre sprit of Islam The leat two Asurces of law for him wus Qiyas ond Istslah- He did wot vely much om Biyas - He leaned mone upon tradibions and usages of Moslina Joma Malik leaned Tore “Per tradifions and the Csopes of the Prophil ond Ate precedarls established by bis companions He relied micre. Upon sages curd craton op Madina, relying om the Presumptin tut they must hae been trainutted from the Lines of Prophet. Companions ain deere etn 3 SIONS residing ot Madina Wwithrut reference te the gpirion of Others, and mot only in veligoou mrattins but alo in Biya - he accepted doctrine of Maliki sehook tick » of course, te greak extent fouded om individual neauowing but they combed! Ue of vag voit dependence om Living traditions . As oc reabtin of fack he usted tradihons more copiously and look aid of Qiyas less prequenthy and odeplid midh path in aeespliny iL ag a Aource of Gx. 4| lebislah — Iman Malk proepourded a doctrine somewhat” | pinilarn te jurtube equrily ov pruefrence He usoulld allow | a deductim of (as te be bared on general Considers bins t He public good Ishkian and Ishelat—- Malikis use Istidlas ay a distinct meltod of jurahe valionalim , not falling Within the ¢cope dor interpretation ov analogy. Shafi Scheof Leyal Doctrines of Shafi School and Salient Frabiucl i snciples — mam Shafi Mettods of Forwulating Legal Principles ‘ wb vegarded a4 one of the puatat jure tn the history ef Islamic Turiuprdence. He i The creator of At clauical theory % Islamic Surisprudence iD) Jam Strafi anal Quran — Shafi based his dockines on Quran, basis of Legal knowledge. He staled thar Quran sewer the double Purpose of wo yaw maliral for legislation 1 as the baste ounce of law, ony jnaprrny ideal for the scholar who armed at Shaping his tysten of Law in horny coith that model. ni) Iran Shaft and Tradition of Prophat ~ Shape ADressed on Prophets sun vel & Juran He wu Uphold er of traditions and got the tthe of Nadiru Prmnak TE Oe ‘Scanned with CemScannerDiffrance betivern Shafis and Hanapis vith veqard & Qiyos 41 Atconding to Hanafis Aiyas cannot be applied wilh ved te the macawing go word but in aed comm effect carua, old order srould be applied EG neo cases. But aceorduing te Shofu the meaning of a word oni, extended to new cme Ce according to Quaan, Khunurn it prohilstied , Shafu includes olf inlericant: Within He mercy of the team kmuwur Whereas» Hanapis view ef Care intoricabion utend oviqural ovder te other iuctoni tous Shafu allo won- Muslim also to use Zihonr. Haonapis object te thin because in the Coa fa Munlin Lhe may use Zihan there i possi belily oa vevocabion be explakion According te Hanafis Aiyar shewld be Leased on either Quran oo traditions of lrma but Shafis Henk Haat it con be based on some Previows Qigaa aac, It ww we nol mectasony thot similaudy Mout Le perfeck. The Harbali Schoet Figh-E- Hanbali - Its Salient Featinnes - [mam Ahmed Hankel war undoukedly oeve tradifonaluct than a jurut . There were roy citehiblons , por i t; and answers be the quctiow of hin pupils Hank. 6 ‘Scanned wih CamScannerHis method of formuDabing legal principls — He seuyht his anrawers of Legal qureationn form Holy Quran naxl- pounce was Hadith, bot he leaned more troands Hadith. [ran Hanbaf and Una Honbalis opinion wot hat: Veg arduny \ma ithab iF ec yt te wait until aa uke were pantiss te ra home come te an end toiHout ay one howivg wi thdaumn his coset, Recording & Hanbals Optaion , he was im devour of euch saponin af lire only im weattert of analogical deduction , but not when it wos found in text of Quran Istihsan- Aecoraling to Hanbal, it U4 ts abandon a rule te adopt anciur better sute . Qiyas- Hanbal ellowed Piyas macrely un Sheer netersity and alivayr Guard t dartue law tradilimal ounces. They accept Giga gereratly in matters ustuch are “ight for men, ascerlarned by teencise of orn Senict, Shr Sub School lUana Asharia School —- The follauens of thus ane largut of the Shia cect. Thay are 1 twelve, the followers of twoelue | The enna Ashanca Shins are sub-divided if too school: , nanrely 1 Akhbori and Usuli Schook 4 ‘Scanned wih CamScannerit) Ismnailya School -— Ismailyas regard [ord at the Seventh Imam . lsmaityas are called eserky ~ 9S [small wos seventh Iman. wi) Zotdya School- Fourth Imam left tivo Sons Zaud And Mohammad Al-Bagir . Zandi descendant ore Ziudis *D Ditferonce betiuun funni and Shia Schools 1) Law of Marriage A the Shins temporary marriage is Lawfek luk wou ule ful anos Aun . Recording te the Shins only the tathn and grandfather Are guardians for marriage Other ane suyarded os Famdth or Unauthorised persons , and is Uleg of if Cmiracted by tu latter unless vabitied by the parly concerned. Sunnis vecognrise a long lut of other quardcans toy wrarriage berrder father aud grandfather Sunni lau preseribes the presence of tisg male Witruses at the Gime of marriage wshroh the Shea liw does not cleem it Ya neceasary condition . Slin [nur veaptves presence of fie witness Ob He Lirraz of divorce , whereasinSunned law It 4 not Necesmary. Shins hold ten wonths of gestation 04 lowjut ushincas Sunnis Miso years. ii) Dower ~ Ten olithong Kw Mintnum arnreuit dower, under Sunn lw, where under Shia lw there U no minimum Lint fixed, but it should Mot exceed soo Arrhems. 8ni) Divoree — Talay under Sunk las may le effected orally or be a writtin doen. Under Sha ow a Taloy wut le promeunceal “ th tha presence of two wihwese and Tolag communceatio/ in wrihug i mot valid unlim Ke husband & phigsically incapable Gf ponouncing it ovally iv) Matunily — Matert, under Auris ib fied 7 ee ee ee te the held cslather prom adulterous intercourse or of valid covtrack of marge Ghia law, clichnpuicher beltreen Cid of fornication and dill whew mother wos vol dy marricd before cts ot han ha dame 7% pe V) Cruardéanship - Methir under Sunni law i entitled ta dhe Custody of a bey until ba hos completed the age of Ser yore and Gal until the has abtasned prberly Under Shia law, the mother 4 entitled te the cuslady of & bog Ubi the ape of two yerns and Ged untel she alibain the oye of seuen Jr7- vi) Micxtenanee~ Under Sunni (as, ability te rmainlisin fatter vets on his Aion , sons are Viatle even iF Fhe father U corny In Uela aws , it tr not obligatory te marlon If the falar iu in a positon t earn, vii) tills - Person wroler Sunni law cannot bh egreath, anuybhing Cr favour of On herr except voith He corset of otha | haine signitied afta the tuatatar oleth pohareee ice Uwe no coment Uv neesary if the beyseath does wot exceed one-third, anal whore tt does 4 ‘Scanned withexceed , the consent Of the hairs bE Jen euen = te Lifeline of toe teabitn ney Com clusion Muslin lw u governed by the teaching Of Bran and Prophet Mobumed There haue been mony clifferent cchools teticl ‘follow their own intuprtat ou of these teachings ow powlk om which burr Aileal. Each school has iti mom beliefs and practice: ond because ia no sek rue regarding hth the Quian iv silent one school ceamot be sol te be better positioned thor Hie other Schools , and this even though Here are many schowts in tnslin Law, Hey all lead t one path Tha, Of there schools con be Compa a fe defperent path which alf lead bo the ronne deshnohn «