GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Chandkheda, Ahmedabad
Affiliated

L . J . Institute of Engineering & Technology

A Project Report On :
SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT
CHALLENGES FOR CITIES
IN DEVELOPING
COUNTRY

Under the course of

DESIGN ENGINEERING – 1A (3130008)
B. E. Semester – III
(Civil Engineering)
Submitted by:
Group Id: 351668

Sr. Name of student Enrolment No.

1 Kothari Samyak Dharmendra 200320106016
2 Patel Manan Pankajkumar 200320106015
3 Manan Ghadiya 200320106052
4 Agrawal Abhishek Dipakbhai 200320106044
5 Chaudhari Tushar Nathubhai 200320106042

Faculty Guide : Prof. Kishan Pala

Head of the Department : Prof. Zalak Bhavsar

Academic year
(2021)
Contents……………………………………………………………………….

1. Introduction

2. Observations

2.1 A-E-I-O-U framework

2.2 Mind Mapping

2.3 Product Development Canvas

2.4 Empathy Canvas

2.5 Ideation Canvas

2.6 Prototype

3. Abstract

4. Methodology

5. Result & Conclusion

6. Future Action Plan

1. Introduction

➢ Solid waste management is defined as the discipline associated

with control of generation, storage, collection, transport or
transfer, processing and disposal of solid waste materials in a
way that best addresses the range of public health,
conservation, economic, aesthetic, engineering, and other
environmental considerations.
➢ In its scope, solid waste management includes planning,
administrative, financial, engineering, and legal functions.
Solutions might include complex interdisciplinary relations
among fields such as public health, city and regional planning,
political science, geography, sociology, economics,
communication and conservation, demography, engineering, and
material sciences.
➢ Solid waste management practices can differ for residential and
industrial producers, for urban and rural areas, and for
developed and developing nations. The administration of
non-hazardous waste in metropolitan areas is the job of local
government authorities. On the other hand, the management of
hazardous waste materials is typically the responsibility of those
who generate it, as subject to local, national, and even
international authorities.
2. Observations

2.1 A-E-I-O-U framework

The A, E, I, O, U Sheet gives a quick view on sheets:

➢ A- Activity
➢ E- Environment
➢ I- Interaction
➢ O- Object
➢ U- Users
 2.2 Mind mapping
➢ A mind map is a visual tool that helps us understand any concept in a more
straightforward manner by breaking it down into dedicated parts. Mind maps are
generally very simple looking and not at all complicated.
2.3 Product Development Canvas

➢ Solid Waste Management keeps environment clean and fresh.

➢ Solid Waste Management saves the Earth and conserve

energy.
2.4 Empathy Canvas

➢ Our Domain is promoting and ensuring the effective delivery

of waste services.
➢ We have focused on Reducing, re-using, recycling and
recovering waste.
2.5 Ideation Canvas

➢ In the ideation canvas citizen, municipal authorities, councillors,

private sweepers are included to reduce solid waste.
2.6 Prototype
3. Abstract

➢ Solid waste management is a challenge for the cities’ authorities

in developing countries mainly due to the increasing generation
of waste, the burden posed on the municipal budget as a result
of the high costs associated to its management, the lack of
understanding over a diversity of factors that affect the different
stages of waste management and linkages necessary to enable
the entire handling system functioning.

➢ An analysis of literature on the work done and reported mainly in

publications from 2005 to 2011, related to waste management in
developing countries, showed that few articles give quantitative
information. The analysis was conducted in two of the major
scientific journals, Waste Management Journal and Waste
Management and Research.

➢ The objective of this research was to determine the stakeholders’

action/behavior that have a role in the waste management
process and to analyze influential factors on the system, in more
than thirty urban areas in 22 developing countries in 4
continents. A combination of methods was used in this study in
order to assess the stakeholders and the factors influencing the
performance of waste management in the cities.

➢ Data was collected from scientific literature, existing data bases,

observations made during visits to urban areas, structured
interviews with relevant professionals, exercises provided to
participants in workshops and a questionnaire applied to
stakeholders. Descriptive and inferential statistic methods were
used to draw conclusions.
4. Methodology

➢ Data is the most important thing to carry on a research.

There are two types of data namely qualitative and
quantitative. In general, Qualitative data are textual and
quantitative data are numerical.
➢ According to Punch quantitative data are information
about the world in numerical form, whereas qualitative
data are information about the world in the form of words.
As the study is conducted under a mixed method strategy,
both qualitative and quantitative data were required.
➢ Therefore, Semi structured interviews and non
participant observation collected qualitative data while a
self completion questionnaire collected both Qualitative
and quantitative data.
5. Result & Conclusion

➢ The prevailing system of solid waste disposal in the study

area has adverse implication on the environment as well
as human health

➢ The Government should embark on expanding recycling

programmes and devise a strategy that can reduce the
amount of waste generated.

➢ Systems that can be adopted are recycling, Bio treatment,

Incineration and Composting.

➢ Citizens within this locality need to be educated on the

need to reduce the amount of waste generated and the
effect of this waste to their health.

➢ Government should also provide adequate funds for

proper execution of environmental programmes that
could help correct the negative attitude of citizens
towards waste management.
6. Future Action Plan

➢ The state shall prepare a milestone plan for the project

implementation and fund disbursement in due consultation
with the ULBs or the cluster representatives.
➢ Project progress should be gauged against the milestone
plan. The milestone plan should be updated regularly.
➢ It is recommended to update the SWM Action Plan
every five years, in order to undertake course correction
measures.
➢ ULBs to identify 3-4 sites available within their
geographical limitation for the proposed SWM activities
and initiate acquisition process with the concerned
authority, sites shall later be ranked as per their suitability
for development of Waste management facilities.
➢ Concerned district magistrate must seriously initiate to
help ULBs to acquire suitable and desired size land for the
management of municipal wastes. The concerned DM
need to make a combined departmental approach to save
time and resources.
➢ Capacity building of ULBs and initiating rigorous IEC
activities involving stake holders.
➢ Setting up of site clearance committee by the State
Board/ Committee or State.
➢ Urban Development Department for advising on
suitability of site for waste processing and disposal.
➢ Monitoring and implementation of action plan is
required at State Level, District Level and at Municipal
Level.
➢ Appointment of Project Management Consulting Unit
for (a) Kumaon Region (b) Garhwal Region, so to initiate
the below activities in compliance with the MSW Rules,
2000 and in accordance with the State’s MSW time bound
Action Plan;
• Meeting with Stake holders and various
departmental officers.
• Preparation of Detailed Project Reports.
• Land identification for setting of proposed facility
and landfill and rehabilitation or reclamation of old
dump site followed by capping and plantation.
• Geo hydro technical & Contouring survey of the
proposed compost and landfill site.
• IEE / EIA for the proposed landfill.
• Detailed drawing and cost estimation.
• PIC review, approval.
• Submission of final DPR & RFP, incorporating the
feedbacks.
• Preparation of Bid Documents and pre & post bid
process management and supervision till final
commission of the projects and handing over
Certificate of Completion to the ULB.
• The ULBs and clusters shall prepare progress reports
regularly, at least once a year, to update UDD about
the implementation and the execution of the
projects. Further on, a regular – at least quarterly –
update shall be furnished on the disbursement and
on the funding requirements.
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