MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

Mobile application development is the process to making software for smartphones and digital
assistants, most commonly for Android and iOS.

The software can be preinstalled on the device, downloaded from a mobile app store or accessed
through a mobile web browser. The programming and markup languages used for this kind of
software development include Java, Swift, C# and HTML5.

Mobile app development is rapidly growing. From retail, telecommunications and e-commerce
to insurance, healthcare and government, organizations across industries must meet user
expectations for real-time, convenient ways to conduct transactions and access information.
Today, mobile devices—and the mobile applications that unlock their value—are the most
popular way for people and businesses to connect to the internet. To stay relevant, responsive
and successful, organizations need to develop the mobile applications that their customers,
partners and employees demand.

Enhance efficiency and tighten security by integrating the development platform and device
management tool
Why Mobile

Mobile phones are used widely in our day-to-day lives giving us the freedom to communicate
anywhere and at anytime.
The latest mobile phones are incorporated with features like MP3 players, high resolution
camera, high sound quality, 3G technology and the list goes on.
The mobile phone allows us to connect to other compatible devices, surf the internet, listen to
music, play games and capture our precious moments. These latest mobile phones are stylish in
looks and excellent in terms of usability and functions. The 3G phones allow doing video calling
and video conferencing.
These phones allow fast data exchange and information apart from faster data downloads via
internet. MMS, SMS, Email client and instant messaging as well as multimedia capabilities,
gaming etc; are added features of latest mobile phones.
Types of Mobile Applications Native apps are built for a specific operating system. A native app
developed for iOS operating system won’t work on Android devices and vice-versa. If an app is
developed for iOS, it will remain exclusive to that operating system.
Softwares' used to develop these applications are generally HTML, CSS, JavaScript, JQuery.
Hybrid apps are a mixture of both native and mobile web apps. This type of application has
cross-platform compatibility but can still access phone’s hardware.
Softwares used to develop these apps are generally HTML, CSS, Javascript, JQuery, Mobile
Javascript frameworks, Cordova/PhoneGap etc.
Mobile Information Architecture While designing a mobile, the following steps need to be
followed.
 Put the content first creating the clarity of purpose upon which to make and support sound user
experience decisions
 Separate taxonomy and navigation: o Design taxonomies, categories, and classification
schemes to make the organization of content intelligible to users. o Design navigation and
interaction to make using that content context appropriate.
 Learn the patterns and guard against falling into default patterns.
 Build a future-friendly and re-usable foundation. Mobile Design Small Screens Decision needs
to be made early as to whether to use responsive design (where the device handles the changes in
display) or adaptive design (where your servers handle the changes). A good process to follow
would be:
 Group device types based on similar screen sizes and try to keep this to a manageable number
of groups
 Define content rules and design adaption rules that enable you to display things well on each
group of devices
 Try to adhere as closely to web standards (W3) as possible when implementing flexible layouts
 Don’t forget that there are many different browser types available for the mobile web and the
wider Internet too. Keep Navigation Simple
 Prioritize navigation based on the way users work with functionality – the most popular go at
the top
 Minimize the levels of navigation involved
 Ensure labelling is clear and concise for navigation
 Offer short-key access to different features
 Remember to offer a 30x30 pixel space for touch screen tap points
 Ensure that links are visually distinct and make it clear when they have been activated too
 Make it easy to swap between the mobile and full site (if you choose to implement separate
versions) Mobile Application Development Page | 2 Keep Content to a Minimum
 Don’t overwhelm your users – respect the small screen space. Keep content to a minimum.
 Make sure that content is universally supported on all devices or avoid it. Think Flash and then
don’t use it, for example.
 Make page descriptions short and to the point – for relevant bookmarks. Reduce the Inputs
Required from Users
 Keep URLs short.
 Offering alternative input mechanisms (video, voice, etc.)
 Minimizing inputs in forms (you can always ask for more data when the user logs on to the
desktop)
 Allowing permanent sign in (most smart phones are password or fingerprint protected – the
risks of staying logged in are less than on the desktop)

Most Commonly Used Web Design Languages

 HTML
 CSS
 Java
 JavaScript
 Python
 SQL
 PHP
 .NET
 Angular

What are the parts of a domain name?

Domain names are typically broken up into two or three parts, each separated by a dot. When
read right-to-left, the identifiers in domain names go from most general to most specific. The
section to the right of the last dot in a domain name is the top-level domain (TLD). These include
the ‘generic’ TLDs such as ‘.com’, ‘.net’, and ‘.org’, as well as country-specific TLDs like ‘.uk’
and ‘.jp’.

To the left of the TLD is the second-level domain (2LD) and if there is anything to the left of the
2LD, it is called the third-level domain (3LD). Let’s look at a couple of examples:

For Google’s US domain name, ‘google.com’:

 ’.com’ is the TLD (most general)

 ’google’ is the 2LD (most specific)

Web hosting definition

When a hosting provider allocates space on a web server for a website to store its files, they are
hosting a website. Web hosting makes the files that comprise a website (code, images, etc.)
available for viewing online. Every website you’ve ever visited is hosted on a server.

The amount of space allocated on a server to a website depends on the type of hosting. The main
types of hosting are shared, dedicated, VPS and reseller. They are differentiated by the kind of
technology used for the server, the level of management provided and the additional services on
offer.

Web hosting  is an online service that makes your website’s content accessible on the
internet. When you purchase a hosting plan, you are renting space on a physical server to
store all the website’s files and data.

No one owns the internet

No company or government can claim ownership of it. The internet is more of a concept than an
actual tangible entity, and it relies on a physical infrastructure that connects networks to other
networks. The concept is similar to being a room full of people who all speak different languages
Search engines essentially act as filters for the wealth of information available on the internet.
They allow users to quickly and easily find information that is of genuine interest or value,
without the need to wade through numerous irrelevant web pages.

Write an HTML code for the following webpage

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>

<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

When a browser reads a style sheet, it will format the HTML document according to the
information in the style sheet.

Three Ways to Insert CSS

There are three ways of inserting a style sheet:

 External CSS
 Internal CSS
 Inline CSS

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="mystyle.css">
</head>
<body>

<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets.

CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at once.

A web designer is a graphic artist who is responsible for designing the layout, usability, and
visual appearance of a website. A web developer is someone who builds and maintains the core
structure of a website.
Server Side and Client Side Scripting
Client side scripting runs code like JavaScript on your phone or desktop while server-side
scripting runs on the back-end server. 
 Front-end developers design the visual aspects of websites for users to interact with, including
colors, layout, and fonts. Back-end developers create the invisible structure that helps websites
function properly.
Write CSS code that define five classes of paragraph with different background, color, margins,
padding and border style.
1. <!DOCTYPE html> 
2. <html> 
3. <head> 
4. <style> 
5. div { 
6. margin: 70px; 
7. border: 1px solid #4CAF50; 
8. } 
9. </style> 
10. </head> 
11. <body> 
12.  
13. <div>This element has a margin of 70px.</div> 
14.  
15. </body> 
16. </html> 

RESPONSIVE WEB DESIGN (RWD) is a web development approach that creates

dynamic changes to the appearance of a website, depending on the screen size and orientation of
the device being used to view it.

what are the differences between the Mobile First and the Desktop First approaches.
When you start with desktop-first, you can design very broadly and add many features. Then you
have to check later which function is really important for mobile. When you start with mobile-
first you first start thinking about the most important features, which you can then also give more
attention on desktop.

Bootstrap is a powerful, feature-packed frontend toolkit.

Bootstrap utilizes Sass for a modular and customizable architecture. Import only the components
you need, enable global options like gradients and shadows
Stay up to date on the development of Bootstrap and reach out to the community with these
helpful resources.
UX design refers to the term “user experience design”, while UI stands for “user interface
design”. Both elements are crucial to a product and work closely together. But despite their
professional relationship, the roles themselves are quite different, referring to very different
aspects of the product development process and the design discipline.

The crucial differences between XAMPP and WAMP are: XAMPP is a cross platform
software package that supports macOS, Linux, and Windows. On the other hand, WAMP is a
local server that only supports Windows Operating System.

Smart Phone Features

Smart phones that offers features beyond making calls, the feature can be like Email, Taking
Picture, Music, Gaming etc. phone that runs a complete operating system offers a standardized
platform for development.
Mobile Development Solutions
 Java ME
 Symbian (UiQ, S60)
 Android
 BlackBerry
 Windows Mobile
 Iphone
 LiMo
 OVI
 Palm OS
 Palm web OS
Developers uses different techniques for interfaces of Mobile Gadgets.

Interface/GUI
 Different Interaction Techniques
 Graphical Capabilities of the phones
 Distribution
o Centralized Repository
o Direct OTi
o From PC
 Development
o Language Familiarity = porting
o IDEs (integrated development Environment) is also called Mobile Apps
Development. There are various IDEs like
 Android studio
 Visual Studio
 XCode
 Eclipse
 Apache
 Netbeans
 Android Development Tools
 Debugging
 Emulator Vs on Phone
 Performance
o Very Limited Resource
o Battery
There are Three Tired Solution:-
 Virtual Environment
o Java ME
o Brew
 Core Operating System
o Symbians
 o LiMo
 Rich Operating System
o Android
o IOS

Android App Platform: Collaboration of Different Languages and companies for better
quality provide to enduser. You can make program with using C language also C++ but mostly
apps were developed in JAVA, therefore, java is the most popular and more powerfull
programing language for Android app platform.
Component of Android Application
There are following four main components that can be used within an Android application −

Sr.No Components & Description

Activities
1
They dictate the UI and handle the user interaction to the smart phone screen.

Services
2
They handle background processing associated with an application.

Broadcast Receivers
3
They handle communication between Android OS and applications.

Content Providers
4
They handle data and database management issues.