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Performance Analysis of Visible Light Communication (Vlc) with

and Without Consider the External Noise Using Mach Zehnder
(Mz) Modulator
S.Sherlin LeelaPrincy 1, Dr.G.Karpagarajesh2, R.WincyJenefer3,
R.HelenVedanayagi Anita 4, M.Martina5
1,3,4,5
PG student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government
College of Engineering, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu,India.
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government
College of Engineering, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu,India.
Corresponding Email-Id: leenagifty07417@gmail.com

Abstract
Visible light communication is a high-speed developing technique with LEDs for both
lighting and data communication. In this paper, examined the visible light communication
performance over Mach Zehnder Modulation via Optisystem simulation tool. Quality factor and
BER values of different link distance are predicted by optisystem simulation tool. The planned
system can support 5 Gbps data rate up to 50 meter of link distance with a Quality factor of
15.71 for without any external noise interruption. In the case of external noise influence, the
planned VLC system performance is also investigated through simulation tool. Consider the
external noise interruption, the designed system can support 2Gbps data rate up to 20-meter link
distance of Quality factor of 11.935. Quality factor for the system without any external noise
influence is better compared to the system with external noise influence.
Index Terms-Free Space Optics(FSO), Mach Zehnder(MZ) Modulator, Visible Light
Communication(VLC), White Light Emitting Diode, Low Pass Filter(LPF)

Introduction
Over some previous years, a numerous of technical improvements has been demonstrated
in the radiance and information exchange area. In the spectrum frequency ranges from 400 to
800 THz is the operating ranges of visible light communication [1]. VLC operates under the
theory of communication of data through light waves to transmit and receive signal. Being a
complex field, it arouses questions on its significance, its operation, and areas in which it is well
suited for [2,3]. VLC acted as a guiding line for fiber optic communication that was invented in
the 80’s. Later in 1995, students of Universidad de Buenos Aires worked on the concept and thus
resulted in a laser diode that was used in photodiodes detection[4]. In 2003, three undergraduates
from Keio University, Japan, worked more on the concept using LED lighting [5].

Designed VLC System Setup

The designed VLC system without external noise consideration is as in Figure 1. The
electrical transmitter data of Mach Zehnder modulator was produced by Quasi random signal
sequence and the optical signal was produced with the support of white LED. The voltage level
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of an optical signal is controlled through Mach Zehnder modulator. Further, the modulated
output from Mach Zehnder modulator is passed into the receiver through the free space optics.
The received signal was analyzed by optical spectrum analyzer and optical power meter. Table 1
shows the LED and photodiode simulation factor.

Table 1 LED and PIN photodiode specification

LED SPECIFICATION
Centre frequency 550nm
LED color White
Extinction ratio 20db
Power 30mw
PIN PHOTODIODE SPECIFICATION
Responsivity type Silicon
Dark current 12nA
Shot noise distribution Gaussian

A VLC structure is planned through facilitate of Optisystem16. Table 2 displays that the
FSO constraint factor in the designed system. It describes the transmitter and receiver antenna
diameter is 7cm. The responsivity type of the PIN photodiode is silicon and considers the shot
noise distribution is Gaussian. 12nanoA is set for dark current of PIN photodiode in the designed
VLC system.
Table 2 FSO specification
FSO SPECIFICATION
Attenuation 8db/m
Additional loss 1db
Transmitter aperture diameter 7cm
Receiver aperture diameter 7cm
Range 10m to
100m

The loss of the signal was determined in the received signal and then once more
changed into electrical signal by means of photo detector. The PIN photo detector output was
examined by oscilloscope visualize to estimate the noise signal. To decrease the noise level in
the noticed electrical signal, it passes into the low pass filter. Then the low noise signal is passed
to the 3R regenerator to reproduce the original signal once more and examined the signal by eye
diagram and BER analyzer in the simulation tool.

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Figure 1 Experimental setup for VLC system without consider the external noise in simulation
software
Results and Discussion
For the deigned VLC system without consider the external noise having the white LED
operated at the frequency is 550nm. Examine the designed VLC system without consider the
external noise for different link distance from 10m to 60m at various data rate. At 10m the
maximum quality factor is 47.38 and it is transmitted up to 100m. From 1Gbps to 5Gbps the
transmitted signal is passed and above the 5Gbps the signal quality was decreased. Upto 50m the
quality factor of received signal from 1Gbps to 5Gbps are well and above 50m the signal
strength is decreased rapidly.
Table 3 shows the eye diagram description of designed VLC system without consider the
external noise of the received signal for the bit rate of 5Gbps at 5m. The table signifies that the
maximum quality factor, minimum bit error rate, eye height and threshold of eye diagram for the
planned VLC structure. The maximum quality factor at 5Gbps of 50m link distance for the
designed VLC system without consider the external noise is 15.71, minimum bit error rate is
6.43704e-056, maximum eye opening is 3.49774e-005 and the threshold of eye diagram is
2.319e-005.
Table 3 Performance of VLC System without Noise
Max. Q Factor 15.71

Min. BER 6.43704e-056

Eye Height 3.49774e-005

Threshold 2.319e-005

Figure 4 displays that the graph of minimum log of BER from the range of 10m to
100m. This graph implies the minimum BER up to 50m and above 50m the signal has maximum
BER so the signal strength is less. Figure 5 displays that the 3D graph of VLC system without
consider the external noise from the range of 10m to 100m at the bit rate from 1Gbps to 5Gbps.
3D graph represents the maximum quality factor at 10m link distance of 1Gbps for the designed
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VLC system without consider the external noise. The received signal strength is gradually
reduced upto the 100m of link distance.

Figure 4 BER graph of VLC System without Figure 5 3Dgraph of VLC System without
Noise Noise
For the deigned VLC system with consider the external noise having the white
LED operated at the frequency is 550nm and the noise frequency is 600nm. Examine the
designed VLC system with consider the external noise for different link distance from 10m to
60m at various data rate. At 10m the maximum quality factor is 48.38 and it is transmitted up to
100m. From 1Gbps to 2Gbps the transmitted signal is passed and above the 2Gbps the signal
quality was decreased. Upto 50m the quality factor of received signal from 1Gbps to 2Gbps are
well and above 50m the signal strength is decreased rapidly.
Figure 6 shows that the evaluation of our results with the previous year work. In 2009,
Joon-Ho Choi et.al [6] using the NRZ OOK modulation to communicate the extreme link
distance of 1cm at extreme data rate of 1Mb/s. In 2010, Le-Minh H et.al., [7] by means of a post
equalized white LED to communicate the supreme link distance of 1cm at determined data rate
of 100Mb/s. Since 2011, Fujimoto N et.al., [8] visible light broadcast based on OOK-NRZ
variation using a only commercially offered visible LED and a everyday LED driver with a pre-
emphasis circuit to communicate the extreme link distance of 4cm at extreme data rate of
477Mb/s. In 2014, Li Honglei et.al., [9] visible light communication structure founded on
phosphorescent white light LED for applied high-speed low-complexity application to
communicate the extreme link distance of 16cm at extreme data rate of 500Mb/s. In the year
2017, Selvendran S et.al., [10] using the OOK modulation to transmit the extreme link distance
of 3m at determined data rate of 2Gb/s. Our designed VLC system can support 50m at 5Gb/s
using MZ modulation.

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COMPARISON GRAPH FOT THE MAXIMUM DATA RATES

WITH PREVIOUS WORK

6
5
5
DATA RATES(Gb/s)

4
3
2
2
1 0.4477 0.5
0.001 0.1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1-NRZ MODULATION, 2-POST EQUALIZED WHITE LED,

3-NRZ MODULLATION WITH PRE-EMPHASIS CIRCUIT,
4-PHOSPHERENT WHITE LED, 5-OOK MODULATION, 6-MZ MODULATION

Figure 6 Comparison graph for the maximum data rate

Conclusion
We have planned an analysis of visible light communication with and without
consider the external noise through Mach Zehnder modulator in optisys software. The proposed
VLC system without consider the external noise supports up to the range of link distance 50m at
5Gb/s and above 50m distance the signal strength is decreased rapidly. The VLC system with
consider the external noise supports up to the range of link distance 50m at 2Gb/s and above 50m
distance the signal strength is decreased. At 2Gb/s the VLC system with consider the external
noise also support only up to 10m. The performance of VLC system without consider the
external noise is better compared to the VLC system with consider the external noise. The
proposed method and the study can improve future Visible light communication performance
metrics, and provide higher data rates and wider bandwidths to the end user. We suggest OFDM
modulation to improve data rate to further study.

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