State of Kuwait Ministry of Public Works Roads Administration COWI A/S

Parallelvej 2
Sheikh Jaber Al Ahmed Al Sabah Causeway DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby
Denmark
Project
Tel +45 45 97 22 11
Calculation note - Mechanical systems Fax +45 45 97 22 12
www.cowi.dk

Table of Contents
1 Introduction 2
2 Ventilation 2
3 Dehumidification system 2
3.1 Conditions 3
3.2 Steel Girders 3
4 Water- and fire distribution systems 3
4.1 General 3
4.2 Kuwait City access area 4
4.3 KC Transition Island 4
4.4 Subiyah Transition Island 5
4.5 Pipelines 6
4.6 Water booster plants 7
5 Sewage System 7
5.1 Kuwait City access area: 7
5.2 KC Transition Island: 8
5.3 Subiyah Transition Island: 8
6 Drainage (Storm Water) 8
7 Access facilities 8
7.1 Loadings 8

Document no. 53229- mechanical 101

Issue no. 1
Date of issue 2005-05-19

Prepared EIS/JN
Checked
Approved
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Calculation note - Mechanical systems

1 Introduction
This note summarise the preliminary calculations carried out for the mechanical
tender design.

Following systems will be described:

• Ventilation systems

• Dehumidification systems

• Water- and fire distribution systems

• Drainage systems

• Access facilities

2 Ventilation
Buildings

Heat transmission and heat production to be removed:

Buildings Heat transmission Maximum tem- Minimum
and heat production perature temperature
to be removed
kW °C °C
Approach Area 700 25 20
KC Transition Island 250 25 20
Subiyah Transition Island 250 25 20
Subiyah Embankment 125 25 20

Bridges
Openings for fresh air.

Concrete bridge Heat transmis- Upper openings Lower openings

sion to be re-
moved
kW mm mm
Every 12.5 m 17 2 nos. 450x450 1 no. 600x600

3 Dehumidification system
The preliminary calculation for the dehumidification systems is based on the follow-
ing set of design data.

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3.1 Conditions
Ambient conditions:
• Maximum air temperature +55°C
• Minimum air temperature -6°C
• Average air temperature +26°C
• Maximum air humidity 0,0639 kg water vapour/kg air
• Atmospheric air pressure 101.3 kPa
• Maximum internal air temperature +60°C

The ambient conditions are assumed to fluctuate within a 12 hour period as follows:
• Temperature: ±15 K
• Atmospheric air pressure: ±2.5 kPa

3.2 Steel Girders

• 4 times air circulation of the girder volume per 24 hours

• Infiltration of air/ventilation from outside: 5% of girder volume

• Result: 2 nos. of D/H units with dehumidification capacity of 25 kg (water)/h

4 Water- and fire distribution systems

4.1 General
All following figures are based on preliminary calculation assumptions for the water
consumption and shall be verified according to national standards and code of prac-
tices.
• The consumption per person per day is estimated to be 100 litres.
• The consumption of water for buildings are including all sinks, toilets, flushing,
washing and fire fighting at same time
• The simultaneous flow is an estimate based on presumed water consumption
curve
• The consumption of water for Fire Stations is including filling up fire engine
etc

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4.2 Kuwait City access area

Maximum peak for Water Supply system has been estimated:

Consumption of water for Access Area Kuwait City:

peak m3 / day
l/sec

Public buildings 0,5 5

Workshops and maintenance buildings 1.5 10
Life-saving service 1.5 20
Shops and restaurants 1.0 25
Recreational area and sport 2.0 30
Fire hydrant system (KC) 40.0
Total 46.5 90

The fire hydrants shall be connected direct to the city municipally main water pipe
line.

Consumption of water for fire fighting system:

peak l/sec

Fire hydrant no 1 20
Fire hydrant no 2 20
Total 40

Fire Fighting system The consumption has been estimated for 2 nos. fire hydrants
simultaneous working.

The water reservoir tank net volume for domestic has been estimated for munici-
pally water of 1 day.
Q = 90 m3

Time for filling the reservoir tank has been estimated to 24 hours.
Q = 90 m3 x 1000/ 24h x 3600 = 1.04 l/s ⇒ Pipe dimension connecting the tank
with a nominal diameter of 40 mm.

4.3 KC Transition Island

KC transition Island containing the following:
Consumption of water for KC Transition Island:

peak full
l/sec m3 / day

Public buildings 2.5 40

Workshops and maintenance buildings 2.0 20
Life-saving service 4.5 30
Shops and restaurants 2.5 50

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peak full
l/sec m3 / day

Recreational area and sport 3.5 60

Fire hydrant system (reservoir) input 3.0
Total 18 200

The peak for fire hydrants input has been stipulated to 3.0 l/sec. About 24 hours fill-
ing up the reservoir tank for the consumption for fire fighting.

Consumption of water for fire fighting system output:

peak l/sec m3 pr.
2 hours

Fire hydrant no 1 20 144

Fire hydrant no 2 20 144
Total 40 288

Fire fighting system. The consumption has been estimated for 2 nos. fire hydrants
simultaneous working in 2 hours in full stage.

The water reservoir tank net volume for fire fighting has been estimated to a fire
fighting hydrants consumption of 2 hours.
Q = 288 m3

The water reservoir tank net volume for domestic use water has been estimated to 1
day consumption.
Q = 200 m3

Time for filling the reservoir tanks have been estimated to 24 hours.
Q = (288 m3 +200 m3) x 1000/ 24h x 3600 = 5.65 l/s ⇒ Pipe dimension connecting
the tanks with a nominal diameter of 100 mm.

4.4 Subiyah Transition Island

Consumption of water for Subiyah Transition Island:

peak full
l/sec m3 / day

Public buildings 2.5 40

Workshops and maintenance buildings 2.0 20
Life-saving service 4.5 30
Shops and restaurants 2.5 50
Recreational area and sport 3.5 60
Fire hydrant system (reservoir) input 3.0
Total 18 200

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The peak for fire hydrants input has been stipulated to 3.0 l/sec. About 24 hours fill-
ing up the reservoir tank for the consumption for fire fighting.

Consumption of water for fire fighting system output:

peak l/sec m3 pr.
2 hours

Fire hydrant no 1 20 144

Fire hydrant no 2 20 144
Total 40 288

Fire Fighting system. The consumption has been estimated for 2 nos. fire hydrants
simultaneous working in 2 hours in full stage.

The water reservoir tank net volume for fire fighting has been estimated to a fire
fighting hydrants consumption of 2 hours.
Q = 288 m3

The water reservoir tank net volume for domestic use has been estimated to 1 day
consumption.
Q = 200 m3

Time for filling the reservoir tanks have been estimated to 24 hours.
Q = (288 m3 +200 m3) x 1000/ 24h x 3600 = 5.65 l/s ⇒ Pipe dimension connecting
the tanks with a nominal diameter of 100 mm.

4.5 Pipelines
Pipeline in Shuwaik Bridge to KC Transition Island:

Q = 5.56 l/s ⇒ Pipe dimension of ø 100 mm.

Pipeline to Access Area Kuwait City

Pipeline from municipally main water pipeline in Kuwait city.

Q = 40 l/s +1.04 l/s+ 5.56l/s = 46.6 l/s ⇒ Pipe dimension of ø 200 mm.

Pipeline in Subiyah Bridge to Subiyah Transition Island:

Q = 5.56 l/s ⇒ Pipe dimension of ø 100 mm.

Pipeline to Subiyah Embankment (onshore)

Pipeline to Subiyah Embankment from municipally main water pipeline in Subiyah

city.

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Q = 5.56 l/s ⇒ Pipe dimension of ø 100 mm.

4.6 Water booster plants

4.6.1 Kuwait City Access Area

Capacity
Booster unit domestic use, pressure head and flow = 8 barg, 6.5 l/sec

Booster unit, sprinkler equipment, pressure head and flow = 8 barg, 12 l/sec

Booster unit, supply line to KC TI, pressure head and flow = 12 barg, 5.56 l/sec

4.6.2 KC Transition Island

Capacity
Booster unit domestic use, pressure head and flow = 8 barg, 15 l/sec

Booster unit, sprinkler equipment, pressure head and flow = 8 barg, 12 l/sec

Booster units fire fighting, pressure head and flow = 8 barg, 40 l/sec

4.6.3 Subiyah Transition Island

Capacity
Booster unit domestic use, pressure head and flow = 8 barg, 15 l/sec

Booster unit, sprinkler equipment, pressure head and flow = 8 barg, 12 l/sec

Booster units fire fighting, pressure head and flow = 8 barg, 40 l/sec

4.6.4 Subiyah Embankment

Capacity
Booster plants, supply line to STI, pressure head and flow = 12 barg, 5.56 l/sec

5 Sewage System

5.1 Kuwait City access area:

Domestic waste water shall be lead to the public sewer.
The systems shall be designed for a number of persons listed below:

Public buildings 10
Workshops and maintenance buildings 15
Life-saving service 5
Shops and restaurants 50
Recreational area and sport 40

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5.2 KC Transition Island:

Domestic waste water shall be lead to the public sewer.
The systems shall be designed for a number of persons listed below:

Public buildings 20
Workshops and maintenance buildings 25
Life-saving service 10
Shops and restaurants 200
Recreational area and sport 100

5.3 Subiyah Transition Island:

Domestic waste water shall be lead to the public sewer.

The systems shall be designed for a number of persons listed below:

Public buildings 20
Workshops and maintenance buildings 25
Life-saving service 10
Shops and restaurants 200
Recreational area and sport 100

6 Drainage (Storm Water)

The design storm frequency, or return period, has been selected according to the
importance of classification:

• Secondary Road network 10 (YR)

• Primary road network 50 (YR)
• Bridge and Causeway 100 (YR)

7 Access facilities

7.1 Loadings

7.1.1 Pylon maintenance cradle

• Safe working load of 350 kg.

• Travelling speed of 9 meter/minute

• Safe working wind speed of 15 m/s at the location of the cradle

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7.1.2 Gantries for bridge deck

• Variable travelling speed from 0 to 10meter / minute

• Maximum time to pass tower and piers: 1 hour.
• Payload capacity up to 2.0 kN/m2.
• Concentrated load from a square patch 500 mm x 500mm (150 kg).

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