「１級リスニングテスト」 原稿

ただいまから、1 級リスニングテストを行います。これからお話しすることについて質問
は受けませんので、よく注意して聞いてください。このテストでは、テストの方法と注意事
項がすべて英語で放送されます。

The listening test for the Grade 1 examination is about to begin. Listen carefully to the
directions. You will not be permitted to ask questions during the test.
This test has four parts. All of the questions in these four parts are multiple-choice
questions. For each question, choose the best answer from among the four choices written
in your test booklet. On your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark
your answer. You are permitted to take notes for every part of this listening test.
Now, here are the directions for Part 1. In this part, you will hear 10 dialogues, No. 1
through No. 10. Each dialogue will be followed by one question. For each question, you
will have 10 seconds to choose the best answer and mark your answer on your answer
sheet. The dialogue and the question will be given only once. Now, let’s begin.
（★=男性 A ★★=男性 B ☆=女性 A ☆☆=女性 B）

★No. 1
★★: Hey, Patricia. Are you free for lunch?
☆☆: Sorry, Carlos. I’m swamped with work.
★★: You always seem very busy these days.
☆☆: Well, since my assistant resigned, I’m barely able to cope.
★★: Shouldn’t you be getting a replacement soon?
☆☆: I was supposed to, but the company needs to cut costs. It’s been decided the position
won’t be filled, so I just have to put up with it for now.
★★: That’s crazy. You should speak to your boss.
☆☆: It wouldn’t do any good.
★Question: What is one thing the woman says?

★★No. 2
☆: Rick, can you tell me the name of your vet?
★: Sure, it’s Dr. Skoberg. Why do you ask?
☆: My vet wants to run another series of blood tests on my puppy.
★: Why’s that? Your dog seems so healthy!
☆: I agree, but my vet thinks his liver isn’t working properly.
★: Those tests cost a lot of money.
☆: And I’m not convinced there’s anything wrong.
★: Then you really should get a second opinion.
☆: I’ll try and get an appointment with Dr. Skoberg.
★★Question: Why is the woman worried?

☆☆No. 3
★★: Did you hear about that inventor who is suing his company?
☆: No, why’s he doing that?
★★: He created a new electrical component, and his company made millions on it. He didn’t

2014 年度第 3 回検定一次試験（1 級） 1 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会

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get his fair share.
☆: Didn’t they give him a decent bonus?
★★: They say they did, but he says it’s not enough because his gadget made them a fortune.
☆: But he didn’t do it all by himself surely? He must have used company facilities and staff.
★★: But he still had to come up with the idea.
☆: It sounds to me like he’s being a bit selfish. Nothing these days is a one-man show.
☆☆Question: What does the woman think?

☆No. 4
☆☆: I’ve been thinking, honey. Summer’s coming, and I really need to lose some weight.
★: Well, your diet’s pretty healthy. How about jogging?
☆☆: Are you kidding? You know I’ve always hated that.
★: OK. You could swim in the municipal pool, or try the sports club that just opened up.
☆☆: I thought about the pool, but it’s a long way even by car. The sports club has nice
facilities . . . if only the fees weren’t so pricey.
★: Well, I’m out of ideas.
☆☆: I suppose I’ll just have to drive the extra distance, then.
☆Question: What will the woman probably do?

★No. 5
☆☆: Michael, I need your opinion about something. You know about the new project to
expand our operations, right? Well, we’re thinking of buying another company. These are
their financial reports for last year.
★★: Ah, actually, I know this company well. It has a good reputation. Lots of potential.
☆☆: So what do you think would be a fair price?
★★: I couldn’t say until I do some number-crunching.
☆☆: OK. Get some figures together, and we’ll talk sometime later this week.
★Question: What does the woman ask the man to do?

★★No. 6
★: Surprise! I’ve got two tickets to the jazz concert next Thursday!
☆: Thursday? But we’re going to the Marshalls’ for dinner.
★: Oh no. I forgot! Do you think they’d mind if we canceled and invited them here the
following week?
☆: That’s not a good idea. Bob Marshall is marketing manager, and I don’t want to get on his
bad side.
★: But there are some great performers lined up. Are you sure?
☆: Absolutely. And, Brad, it might be a good idea to keep better track of our schedule.
★★Question: What will the couple likely do?

☆☆No. 7
★★: Hey, Andrea. It’s been a while. How’s the family?
☆: Good, actually. You remember my rebellious son?
★★: How could I forget!
☆: Well, he somehow managed to graduate from college and land a pretty good job.

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★★: Sounds like he’s really changed.
☆: He has. In fact, he called last week to tell me that his boss is very pleased with his
performance. If he plays his cards right, he could be promoted in the not-too-distant future.
★★: That’s great news.
☆☆Question: What do we learn about the woman’s son?

☆No. 8
★: Hi, Jane. This is Peter. I just flew in from L.A.
☆☆: I’ve been expecting your call. I just got off the phone with your client in L.A.
★: Is there a problem? They agreed to give us the contract.
☆☆: Not for long, apparently. Two hours after you left, their chairman overruled the decision.
It seems he’s not convinced we’re the right company to go with.
★: You’re kidding. A week of work wasted.
☆☆: Not necessarily. I suggest you get right back on the plane and try again.
☆Question: What happened after Peter left L.A.?

★No. 9
☆: I’m not going to meet my sales target again this month, Devon. My commissions are
going to take a dive this quarter.
★★: Same here. We just can’t compete when our rivals are copying our products and
undercutting our prices.
☆: Right. And for some reason, the free two-year warranty we’re offering has fallen flat. We
need a better tactic.
★★: I think the only way to get sales back on track is to offer a major price reduction.
☆: That’s not going to happen yet. Management won’t budge till the new product lineup is
introduced in September. They won’t slash prices on old models until then.
★★: That’s another problem. My clients have already heard about the new models we have
in the pipeline, so they’re holding off on buying until they come out.
☆: Well, all might not be lost. I heard management is considering offering a fairly significant
discount on bulk pre-orders of the new lineup.
★★: Really? That could be a game changer.
☆: I agree. Maybe we need to spread the word. If the rest of the sales department backs the
plan, management is more likely to make it happen.
★★: Good idea.
★Question: What do these people decide to do?

☆No. 10
★: Dad, don’t you think this house is a bit too big for you now that you’re living alone?
Eventually it’s going to be difficult for you to get up and down the stairs by yourself.
★★: Yes, I realize that.
☆☆: Have you thought about making other arrangements?
★★: I hope you’re not suggesting I move in with you two. I value my independence too
much for that.
☆☆: No, we know that.
★: Would you consider moving into a retirement community? There’s a great one a few
blocks down the street. It also has nursing staff for people who need more help.
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★★: I’m not ready to be stuck with a bunch of old folks yet. I agree it might be time to
downsize, though.
☆☆: OK. Let’s start looking around.
★★: As long as it’s in this neighborhood. I want to stay close to my friends.
☆☆: We can talk to the agent who helped us find our house. And the timing’s good. There
seem to be a lot of places on the market at reasonable prices right now.
★★: Fine, as long as you don’t try and choose a place for me.
★: Don’t worry, Dad, we wouldn’t dare.
☆Question: What does the father agree to do?

Here are the directions for Part 2. In this part, you will hear five passages, (A) through
(E). Each passage will be followed by two questions, No. 11 through No. 20. For each
question, you will have 10 seconds to choose the best answer and mark your answer on
your answer sheet. The passage and the questions will be given only once. Now, let’s begin.

☆☆(A) Cermak Road

In the heart of Chicago, Cermak Road transports booming trucks past miles of
factories and warehouses. There is, however, more to this industrial thoroughfare than meets
the eye. In fact, it is one of the greenest streets in the country. City authorities recently rebuilt
the road with a host of eco-friendly improvements as part of a sustainable urban-planning
program. Officials are currently monitoring the streetscape to evaluate its potential as a
template for similar construction projects elsewhere in Chicago.
Perhaps the most remarkable feature of Cermak Road is its “smog-eating” cement.
The cement was developed in Italy for the Vatican, which wanted to build a white church that
would not become covered in grime from air pollution. The cement contains a compound that
reacts with sunlight to clean the cement’s surface. The cement also purifies the air above it by
breaking down car exhaust and other emissions. Though the new cement shows promise as a
way to limit and repair damage caused by airborne pollutants, many environmentalists feel the
real issue is being ignored. They argue that rather than applying such Band-Aid measures, we
should be looking for ways to reduce the sources of air pollution.
★Questions
★No. 11 Why did the authorities in Chicago rebuild Cermak Road?
★No. 12 What do many environmentalists say about the new cement?

★★(B) Animal Migration

How migrating birds, such as geese, and fish, such as salmon, use Earth’s magnetic
field to navigate their way across vast distances has long been a mystery. For years, scientists
had been unable to isolate the biological mechanism that enables animals to do this. Recently,
however, they have discovered one answer in rainbow trout. The scientists detected tiny
amounts of magnetite in the cells of the trout’s nose. Magnetite is a mineral so sensitive to
magnetic forces that it is used in compass needles. When exposed to a moving magnetic field,
the cells containing magnetite rotate based on the position of the field. Scientists say the fish
use these cells, along with their memory of the magnetic profile of specific locations, to guide
them toward their destination by sensing changes in the strength of Earth’s magnetic field.
Researchers had previously suspected that a substance such as magnetite was
involved in animal navigation. Just one in 10,000 of the trout’s nasal cells contains the
mineral, though, making it very difficult to find. However, now that researchers know they
can pinpoint magnetite by searching for cells that respond to magnetic fields, they hope to
2014 年度第 3 回検定一次試験（1 級） 4 公益財団法人日本英語検定協会
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investigate whether other animals also possess it.
☆Questions
☆No. 13 What did scientists recently discover?
☆No. 14 What do researchers hope to do next?

☆ (C) British Badgers and Bovine Tuberculosis

Bovine tuberculosis is a disease that spreads rapidly through herds of cattle. It is
rampant in Britain, where farmers have been forced to slaughter thousands of cows at a huge
cost to their industry. This is not a solution to the problem, however, because other animals,
such as badgers, carry the disease. The British government says that badgers are
predominantly responsible for spreading bovine tuberculosis to cattle. It has granted licenses
to some hunters to shoot badgers in a bid to limit herd losses, and to stop the disease from
spreading to other animals and possibly humans.
The decision hasn’t been free of controversy, though. While the government claims that
killing badgers considerably reduces the incidence of tuberculosis in cattle, zoologists cite
other studies showing unintended consequences. Badger families that come under attack are
likely to migrate to new territories, and potentially spread the disease. The zoologists say that
since badgers live mostly underground, it is difficult to estimate their numbers or know how
many to kill, making the practice futile. Scientists working for the government, however,
accuse opponents of failing to come up with an effective alternative to their plan.
★★Questions
★★No. 15 What is one reason the British government is allowing badgers to be shot?
★★No. 16 What do zoologists think will be a likely result of the government’s plan?

★(D) A New Take on Renaissance Art

In 1999, British artist David Hockney became curious about a series of Renaissance
portraits he saw at the National Gallery in London. He was struck by how much more lifelike
paintings became in the 15th century compared with those made earlier. Prior to the
Renaissance, images depicted in paintings appeared flat and two-dimensional. Renaissance
paintings, by contrast, have an almost photographic realism due to their use of light, shadow,
shapes, and patterns. Most significantly, they employ perspective—that is, where things
appear smaller when farther away—to create the illusion of depth. Hockney set out to
discover the reason for this tremendous leap forward.
Art historians have traditionally argued that Renaissance artists’ abilities had simply
evolved to the point that they were able to create perspective by using their own eyes and
skills. According to Hockney, however, historical evidence suggests they used a projection
device called a camera obscura to assist them. This device employs lenses and mirrors to
render shapes, patterns, and proportions accurately. In other words, many important
Renaissance artists were actually tracing projected images when they made their paintings.
Though still controversial, Hockney’s thesis is gaining acceptance, causing many art
historians to reexamine their view of Renaissance art.
☆☆Questions
☆☆No. 17 How are Renaissance paintings different from earlier works?
☆☆No. 18 What does David Hockney believe about Renaissance artists?

☆☆(E) Bacteriophages
Bacteriophages, often called “phages,” are viruses that kill bacteria. In the 1920s and
1930s, doctors employed phages to treat a variety of bacterial infections but largely forgot

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about them when antibiotics such as penicillin became available. In recent years, however,
bacteria have become increasingly resistant to antibiotics, creating a serious health threat. The
search for alternative treatments has inspired renewed interest in phages.
Microbiologists sometimes have to spend weeks or months testing different strains of
phages on a particular bacterium before they discover the phage or phages that will kill it.
Another challenge is that bacteria can develop a resistance to phages, just as they do to
antibiotics. However, health authorities can minimize the chances of this happening by
administering a cocktail of different phages. To beat all of them, bacteria must mutate several
times, which is extremely unlikely.
Some meat and seafood companies already use disinfectants that contain phages.
These target pathogens that cause food-borne illnesses. Concerns remain regarding the use of
such viruses on humans to kill bacteria. However, proponents are hopeful phages will be a
potent new weapon in the battle against bacterial infections.
★★Questions
★★No. 19 Why is interest in phages increasing?
★★No. 20 What is one issue microbiologists face when using phages?

Here are the directions for Part 3. In this part, you will hear five passages, (F) through (J).
The passages represent real-life situations and may contain sound effects. Each passage will
have one question, No. 21 through No. 25. Before each passage, you will have 10 seconds to
read the situation and question written in your test booklet. After you hear the passage, you
will have 10 seconds to choose the best answer and mark your answer on your answer sheet.
The passage will be given only once. Now, let’s begin.

★★(F) You have 10 seconds to read the situation and Question No. 21.
☆Hi, it’s Suzanna. It’s 4 p.m. on Friday in Glasgow, and I’m in the hotel working on the
details of the deal with the MacPherson Corporation. This is embarrassing, but I left the final
contract on my desk in London. Could you swing by the office and get it sent to me
overnight? I need it for a 9 a.m. meeting here on Monday. If you send it tonight, it will reach
me with plenty of time to spare. The contract on my desk has been cleared with our lawyers,
so I’d rather have that one. But if you can’t get to the office today, the copy I gave to you to
review last week would do. You could just scan and e-mail it tomorrow or Sunday. Sorry
about this, but I’d appreciate your help.
★★Now mark your answer on your answer sheet.

☆(G) You have 10 seconds to read the situation and Question No. 22.
★Schools whose teams will be competing in league play are not allowed to hold official
practices outside of the defined season, which starts on March 1. Violation of this rule may
result in your team being disqualified from season play. If you organize an unofficial
pre-season practice, players are restricted to fitness drills only. They may run and lift weights,
but they may not practice any baseball drills or use baseball-specific equipment. In this
situation, as the coach, you may watch them, but you are not allowed to give any direct
instructions. On the other hand, if the players just get together without your being present,
they are allowed to use standard baseball equipment and do batting or throwing drills. So, the
key variable influencing what can be done at a pre-season practice is the degree of your
participation in the session.
☆Now mark your answer on your answer sheet.

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☆☆(H) You have 10 seconds to read the situation and Question No. 23.
★★Billfield’s Animal Encounter Activities offer a range of experiences that allow you to
interact directly with animals. Advance booking is required for all activities, and fees vary.
The Beluga Whale Encounter is $50. This is our most popular activity, so the first available
slots are a week from today. We just had a last-minute cancellation freeing up one spot for
tomorrow’s Sea Otter Encounter, where you’d have a chance to feed our two rescued sea
otters. The fee is $35. The Amazon River Encounter is my personal recommendation because
a specialist guides you through a re-created habitat of some amazing river creatures. There are
some openings tomorrow and the next day for $60. Finally, feeding the penguins in the Arctic
Zone Encounter is a nice option—if you don’t mind the smell of fish. That encounter is
offered on Saturdays for $40. Having penguins line up in front of you for breakfast is a really
memorable experience.
☆☆Now mark your answer on your answer sheet.

★(I) You have 10 seconds to read the situation and Question No. 24.
☆☆Based on your current credit score, you’re looking at an interest rate of about 4 percent.
Your score is based on a report compiled by credit agencies. One problem is that you only
moved to the U.S. from Japan a couple of years ago, so you have no long-term credit history.
Getting four new credit cards when you first arrived also impacted your score negatively.
However, canceling them now actually would not help raise your score. Your report shows
one late payment for your car loan. If this is a mistake, which sometimes happens, you can get
your score adjusted. Your credit rating will improve over time if there are no further problems,
but I’d advise against waiting. Interest rates are expected to rise substantially later this year.
★Now mark your answer on your answer sheet.

☆(J) You have 10 seconds to read the situation and Question No. 25.
★The exam will be in two parts. For Part I, you’ll need to choose 10 terms from the given list,
define them, and explain their significance. I won’t tell you the exact terms now, but they’ll be
taken from the words presented in bold in each chapter of the text. Part II will have five essay
topics, from which you’ll choose two to write about. Since the topics are essentially the same
as my last five lectures, you know them already. If you take the time to prepare outlines of
your essays, I’ll be happy to take a look at them in an e-mail and let you know if you’re on the
right track. Those of you who are at risk of failing the course are especially encouraged to do
this. Also, feel free to create study groups amongst yourselves if you haven’t already.
☆Now mark your answer on your answer sheet.

Finally, here are the directions for Part 4. In this part, you will hear an interview. The
interview will be followed by two questions, No. 26 and No. 27. For each question, you will
have 10 seconds to choose the best answer and mark your answer on your answer sheet. The
interview and the questions will be given only once.

☆☆Now let’s listen to the interview. This is an interview with Sara Jones, who is a
researcher at a pharmaceutical company.

Interviewer (I): Welcome to the studio, Sara. Could you tell us briefly what you do?
Sara Jones (SJ): I work for a pharmaceutical company, and my main area of research is
schizophrenia.
I: And what exactly is schizophrenia?
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SJ: Schizophrenia is a disease of the mind, where people have attacks of various different
symptoms, such as hallucinations, or failure to integrate with people properly.
I: Do you think that there’ll be one silver bullet for schizophrenia, or do you think it’s
possible it’s a broad spectrum of diseases that fall under the rubric of schizophrenia?
SJ: I think it’s, I think we will find eventually that it’s actually lots of diseases, and lots of
causes, that are causing what we now term as schizophrenia. The patients, if you look at them,
they have, they might have more of one type of symptom than another, and I think maybe we
will, when psychologists and psychiatrists look at this, they will probably be able to look, find
that there’s actually subsets of schizophrenic patients, and I think that will also help the
research side of things, because then we can target particular patient populations a lot better. I
don’t think there’ll be a silver bullet, I think the disease is too complex.
I: Some people have a negative image of major pharmaceutical companies. What do you think
is the reason for this?
SJ: So, I think one of the reasons is that they do tend to make quite a lot of money. And they
charge a lot of money for their drugs. But I think one of the things that is not so well
understood is that for every one that comb-, for every one medicine that makes it to being able
to be sold, there are probably about a hundred projects that fail in clinic. There are a lot of
things that we have to go through to make sure that we’re not giving patients drugs that will
cause another disease, or heart failure, or anything else. So it’s, it’s, we have a lot of safety,
and if any one drug during the testing process, we think would cause a heart disease or
anything, then we have to stop that program. And that research and the attrition that you get in
that, is very expensive.
I: What is your view on alternative medicine?
SJ: So, it’s not terribly positive. I think, for the main part, it can be quite dangerous,
especially if the patient has a serious underlying medical condition. Homeopathy is essentially
just giving a patient water, or a placebo drug, which has no, will have no effect on a disease
whatsoever. There are other types of alternative medicine, so herbal medicine, where they’re
taking an extract from a plant. So these plants can have major effects on people’s physiology,
and in fact some drugs are taken from various different plants. But if you don’t understand
fully exactly what you’re taking, then I think you could really cause yourself some problems.
I: All right, well, Sara, thank you so much for coming into the studio today.
SJ: Thank you very much.
☆☆Questions
☆☆No. 26 What does Sara suggest about schizophrenia?
☆☆No. 27 What does Sara believe about the pharmaceutical industry?

Your time is up. Stop writing and wait quietly until the answer sheets have been collected.

では、時間です。筆記用具を置いて答えの記入をやめてください。試験監督者に連絡いたし
ます。これより最終の受験者数を確認してください。その後、解答用紙を回収し枚数の確認
を行ってください。受験者数と解答用紙の枚数の一致を確認してから、解散の指示を出して
ください。受験者の皆さんは、身のまわりをよく点検し、忘れものがないように注意してく
ださい。受験者の皆さんが退出するときは、別の教室が試験中の場合もありますので、声を
出さず、校舎出口まで静かに退出してください。それでは、解散の指示を出すまで静かにお
待ちください。

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