h oe We which any equipment or machinery can be {ficient condition. a or apparatus like any other electric machines oe of checking and inspecting and also for ng it is to give satisfactory and trouble-froe service ir ta «ane fg ead gs insu- a maintenance and repair operation etc, Only then, it 1d out the chronic troubles, anticipatc impending troubles, SI jadopt corrective action well in time. A machine should x1 to run without lubrication. Proper care should be taken for { overloading on the motorshould be avoided. The motor should ied to be overheated, otherwise, | the, winding may burn, anes djit. may damage other parts even 2 ines must be saved from the | pness, humidity, ie oil etc. actorsresult in deterioration a of windin and may result Scanned with CamScanrif | ||| Some spare parts, sub-assemblies, lubricants depending upon the need i jand importance of the machine or apparatus or equipment. and some spare- i | Coils, brushes, brush holders, starting, gears and bearings etc. should be kept |||) eady in hand, HN ‘The planning of maintenance should be categorised in the following ways: | 1, Routine Maintenance. Visual inspection, minor repairs, replace- ment of small parts and adjustment of the equipments, cleaning the electrical i equipment of dust and dirt, cleaning of fittings, fixed and moving contacts of ‘starters, bushing of transformers, tank cover etc., cleaning of carbon deposits, fused metal, changing of burt contacts, washing and lubrication of bearings, ‘changing of carbon brushes etc. are covered under the routine maintenance programme, Checking of oil level, inspecting the current, voltage and indi- cating lamps' light is also covered under the routine maintenance, It should be carried over daily if possible or on alternate days. \ 2. Overhauling. The replacement or renewal of the main units, parts of electrical equipment and assemblies, rewinding of motor stators and rotors Nit etc. bushing, changing of starters are covered under overhauling. It should be ! carried out half-yearly or yearly. 3. Preventing Maintenance. The main elements of good preventing Maintenance may be as under : (@) Inspection, (e) Engineering Records, | ; I (b) Testing, (f) Organisation, (c) Engineering Analysis, (g) Tools and tackles. i (@) Inventory control of stores and spares, (@) Inspection. It may be visual or external inspection and detailed or i imemal inspection. Checking of vibration, wear and tear, fittings and i clearances, abnormal sound and lubrication can be inspected visually. detailed Hh impection may be carried out during pre-planned shut downs. ‘This inspection HM may be done monthly or quarterly or half yearly depending upon the nature | of using the equipments and their operating conditions. {b) Testing. The testing of electrical equipment and instruments con- ct ‘at the site must be done very carefully and thoroughly as the pes- formance of the equipments and instruments depends upon their accurate ng arn! setting. This may be done monthly or quarterly. gineering Analysis. Sometimes some equipments require more asicompared toothers e.g. starters, circuit breakers. relays cic. l ii il i i Fundamentals of Maintenance of Electrical Equipments' Hg operati en hae important part is to be at Will save the time and labour Kd that! Can only be possible if the al Amerie, of any equip- md of maintenance which is fulfilled ts establishing beforehand the be urdertaiven and the time to be taken for the Forms: tired foreach type of equipment for eniries tnd thetedupes epreciaton of the machinery and equipment. increases the life of working of equipments. if better working condition|of the equipment. of faults, It ta camied out immediately as and b)| Checking of movable parts. | Checking of working condition of equipment or machinery. (d)| Checking of Surroundings in which the machinery or equipment has |). |) to work i.e, atmospheric conditions, (@) Checking of safety measures, 1 1)/| |) @) (Checking of protective devices, ||| |. \@). Checking of facilities available. HT i (i) List of consumable and! non consumable items 19 be used in the i I equipments and machinery. { | | () Checking of stores and spared i inventory, | | @). Checking of tools, trackles, Jacks, and fixtutes etc. Maintenance and Check Programme of Electric UT) dbtors : ‘Checking of stationary parts, joi] Care should be taken thet amount of tmusual dust, |] tipping water, wcids, furnes may not enter the |) i] imwotor, Any board, cover, cartvas should not be left i | open th avoid the hindrance: to the ventilation or | ‘Check the level of oll when'oi) gage is used and i ved don ae A Bo Tne i book should be followed when ro is reat for reiii a oo ones ‘Avoid ereeping of grease entering i No UU ACNE UPA ieatoe de trusts ‘when there ix 4 , The pigtail of the brushes for loose ‘connection should alio be checked. Black spots or roughness ‘on the commutainr should be noticed. The surface of com- { \mutator should be smoothened with the help of sand paper i ‘and pet it turned on the lathe machine, Clean the segments ‘of commutator with the help of Cleaning stick, | ‘The uniformity of adr gep in the motor should be checked in which the sleeve bearings are used, 1f the dust particles are noticed in the winding, blow it with blower. Clean the dust with dry cloth. Note for the moiature contents in the winding. If observed, dry them op. If any oil or grease has entered in the winding, clean the winding with a suitable solvent and dry it in a well-ventilated room. ‘Sometimes there is umuxual noise is heard from motor die to metal to metal contact or scorching varnish insulation. Stop the motor und check it and remove the defects, Belt should be checked for suitable slackness and good surface condition. Check the| gem's for wear ‘and lear, Excessive greasing or oil thould be abeerved and should be avoided, The comtralling devices should be checked ‘thor: j 1 oughly, Winding should Ibe checked for their proper insulation, It [should be checked for insulation resistance, short circuit and earth or leakage. Moisture contents should also be checked. Se re | te properly. ie Spat ney papa pedo be nin Bearing should be ees Hl uric, Ur dire or alsdlge 39 observed con Pa ean hed ot wat iraebecked stretch also, Oni inthe gear box should be checked for the flow for the [presence of sand, water or metal scale. If the oil is not Hii found in good condition, drain it out, flush and refill it. | \chenging load conditions should be checked i.e. con- | [trolling devices |troubles, poor handlings or wrong [Windings should be checked for insulation resistance, ary, cracks of insulation, dust particles and moisture contents etc, I needed, dry out winding, clean it, varnish it and bake it, Broken or loose bars of rotor should be checked thor- oughly. Set them properly ot get it soldered (welded if needed. i i ||| 3.¥ound Rotor Collector rings washers and connections should be checked, It there are spors on the rings or if they are found | rough or eccentric, get them turned on the lathe, “Armature stator [Stator should be checked for apen, short earth or Inakage ‘fault. insulation résistance should also be checked. Oil lor grease should be observed, if found, Clean it. Lami- Imation cores should be checked for its corrosion or lor get it turned on lathe. 5, Alr gap and bear:! Uniformity of ai gxp should be checked. Bearings should fogs. [be checked for their noise, dust, excess greasing etc. If jany fautt is abserved, correct it, ‘6Mechanical parts ||| The inside and out side of frames and belts should be checked. If belt or chain need replacoment, then: should Ibe replaced. The rptar should be checked for its rubbing | [ormisatignment. : |||. )Motor should be checked with the instruments ai no-load | |nd fell load. ‘The mechanical conditions of the driven LahaHet il UAE Scanned with CamScanrti ‘aban a Scanned with CamScanrie cS iL a nApny ! mca a nt ah = ‘idl | ON I i th the 2 - i an aa = a ii Hi {ull A.C. Induction Motors i) Get the commutator be tamed on the lathe. | Gi) Check the armature for these faults and replace it “ (@v)Chaeck the connections with series test lamp tnd correct them. () Check and reduce the load. @ Gert tamed on the lathe. (@) Shorting —in_—(ii)__Check and overhaul the gear and brushes. © Supply may be cut off. (G0, Main switch may bein off (7) Check the main witch and switch ‘Pases may be blown off. (li) Checkthem physically and replace @ Check the main sopply with went | ‘ana. lalea TT ae i Scanned with CamScanrFel eee Cy ea i ey Ul i! Scanned with CamScanri y iw ! im } KN i i i ina = ! i il ia mt a = manneLoose or incorrect connections Imay be comected .. Check for short circuits. Removeif possible or get them rewound . Check the name plate and set it accordingly |. Check forshor circuit and remove if postible, get them rewound, |. (a) Decrease the load (b) examine beft tension and alignment and heck friction also, . Adjust it according to name plote |. Check the exciter |. Field coll reversed, 4. Check the polarity Voltage too high 5. Setit according to name plate, i 6, _Emproper ventilation ‘6, _ Arrange the proper ventilation, i iN } HAY i in D.C. Motors MhScanned with CamScanrhi i| i LOH i ts Mn as i a [ig ae nediue = ii ies i ore a y inhi TU hl ey ra LT wl i 1 UY na ei i i