Professional Documents
Culture Documents
What-If Analysis Template
What-If Analysis Template
The What-If Model will allow a team the ability to model the potential financial impact of a variety of initiatives upo
company’s financial statements. This scenario, or “what-if”, modeling will incorporate the company’s historical fina
statements and five-year projections in conjunction with inputs provided by the Quantitative Model. The historical a
projected financial statements provided by the client will serve as the models “base” or “null” state. The inputs prov
by the Quantitative Model provide the variables to be modeled with the client projections. The What-If Model will t
provide expected changes in financial statements and financial statement metrics from the base assumptions. These
expected changes allow the team to target and prioritize the scenarios with the greatest expected benefits. This
prioritization will aid further discussions with management when determining further work to be performed.
The model is segregated into four sections: inputs, calculations, statements, and analysis. Only the input section is
editable. All other sections are protected and read only. The model’s format does have the capacity to be modified
quickly. For example, if a subject business’s financial statements cannot be fit into the current format, the current fo
can be appended or changed to accommodate the different format. Additionally, if the operating assumptions are
inaccurate, they can also be altered to accommodate company-specific assumptions. Outlined below is a description
Section One, and how particular areas operate within the section. Sections Two – Four are protected and therefore h
no operational details.
Input Template:
Project Costs
Segregate Capitalized and Expensed Project Costs based on the expenditure characteristics.
Include project fees
Historical Financial Information
Income Statement - Based on audited financial report data, categorize revenues and expenses into the broad categori
Balance Sheet - Further, categorize assets, liabilities and equity into the appropriate balance sheet line items provided
Operating Assumptions
Pre-Implementation and Base Year: these are darkened to illustrate that they are not inputs, but calculations for infor
Income Statement Assumptions are percentage changes in the current year from the prior year.
Balance Sheet Assumptions are the assumption’s percentage of total assets.
Post-Implementation:
Sales revenue growth percentages are used for all projected years. The financial statements use these percentages by
multiplying theitems’
The following prior year sales years’
projected dollarscosts
by one
areplus the growth
constant rate to
(i.e. equal forthe
each year
base (compounding).
year) and are direct inputs from histor
data: other controllable expenses, other accrued expenses, taxes payable, other current liabilities, long-term notes pay
deferred taxes payable, preferred stock, treasury stock, and dividend distribution to common shareholders.
The following items use growth percentage changes for all projected years: R&D expenses, G&A expenses, interest
expense, interest payable, notes payable, and distributions payable. The financial statements use these percentages b
multiplying the prior year dollars by one plus the growth rate input for each year. Growth is not proportionate to sal
The following items use growth percentage changes for all projected years: selling expenses, accounts receivable,
inventory, prepaid expenses, other current assets, other noncurrent assets, accounts payable, unearned revenue, and c
portion of long-term debt. The financial statements multiply the prior year dollars by one plus the growth rate input.
Further, this product is multiplied by one plus the sales growth input for each year to vary these items proportionally
sales.
sales.
Machinery & Equipment and Building and Plant, for all projected years, are estimated capital expenditures in whole
Project Costs-Expensed 1 1 1 1 1
II
Historical Financial Information Pre-Implementation Base Year*
Income Statement 1996 1997 1998 1999
Preferred Dividends 0
MODEL INPUT
Historical Financial Information Pre-Implementation Base Year*
Balance Sheet 1996 1997 1998 1999
Current Assets
Cash 1,652
Accounts Receivable 6,860
Inventory 5,472
Prepaid Expenses 875
Other Current Assets 4,790
Noncurrent Assets
Machinery and Equipment 0
Building and Plant 61,962
Accumulated Depreciation 0
Deferred Income Tax Asset 0
Other Noncurrent Assets 2,534
Intangible Assets
Deferred Fin./ License/Startup 0
Goodwill 0
Other Intangibles 0
Accumulated Amortization 0
Current Liabilities
CurInterest Payable 0
Accounts Payable 0 7,677
Other Accrued Expenses 4,445
Unearned Revenue 0
Notes Payable 4,109
Current Portion of Long Term Debt 0
Taxes Payable 2,359
Distributions Payable 0
Other Current Liabilities 8,153
Noncurrent Liabilities
Long-Term Notes 10,901
Deferred Income Tax Liability 10,939
Deferred Taxes Payable 770
Shareholder Equity
Retained Earnings 49,365
Common Equity 2,822
Additional Paid-in Capital 0
Preferred Stock 668
Treasury Stock (16,977)
Other Equity (1,086)
Number of Shares - Common Stock 2,428
* Current or Post-Implementation Year
MODEL INPUT
III Pre-Implementation Base Year* Post-Implementation Growth
Operating Assumptions 1996 1997 1998 1999 Benchmark 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Income Statement Assumptions
Sales Revenue ### #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00%
Other Controllable Expenses 0.00% 250 250 250 250 250 250
R&D Expenses ### #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Selling Expenses ### #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
General and Administrative ### #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Projected Expenses
Interest Expense 0 0 0 647 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
MODEL INPUT
Pre-Implementation Base Year* Post-Implementation Growth
Operating Assumptions 1996 1997 1998 1999 Benchmark 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Balance Sheet Items
Current Assets
Accounts Receivable #DIV/0! ### #DIV/0! 8% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Inventory #DIV/0! ### #DIV/0! 7% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Prepaid Expenses #DIV/0! ### #DIV/0! 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Other Current Assets #DIV/0! ### #DIV/0! 6% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Noncurrent Assets
Capital Expenditures:
Machinery and Equipment 0 0 #DIV/0! 0% $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Building and Plant 0 0 0 74% $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
Other Noncurrent Assets #DIV/0! ### #DIV/0! 3% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Current Liabilities
Interest Payable 0 0 0 0 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Accounts Payable #DIV/0! ### #DIV/0! 7% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Other Accrued Expenses 0 0 0 4,445 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Unearned Revenue #DIV/0! ### #DIV/0! 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Notes Payable 0 0 0 4,109 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Current Portion of Long Term Debt #DIV/0! ### #DIV/0! 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Taxes Payable 0 0 0 2,359 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Distributions Payable 0 0 0 0 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Other Current Liabilities 0 0 0 8,153 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Noncurrent Liabilities
Long-Term Notes Payable 0 0 0 10,901 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Deferred Taxes Payable 0 0 0 770 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Equity Assumptions
Preferred Stock 0 0 0 668 668 668 668 668 668
Treasury Stock 0 0 0 (16,977) (16,977) (16,977) (16,977) (16,977) (16,977)
Cash Flow Assumptions
Preferred Stock Dividends 6%
Dividend Distributions to Common Shareholders
MODEL INPUT
IV
Intangible Assets Amortization Percent
Period Amortizable
Goodwill 40
Other Intangibles 5
Project Costs-Capitalized 10
V
Additional Assumptions
Asset Lives
Machinery and Equipment 7
CALCULATIONS
Book Depreciation Existing 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Existing Basis Life Basis
Machinery and Equipment 7 0 0 0 0 0 ###
0
Building and Plant 12.70 61,962 4,879 4,879 4,879 4,879 4,879
Total 4,879 4,879 4,879 4,879 4,879
CALCULATIONS
Income Taxes 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
CALCULATIONS
Intangible Asset Amortization Existing 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Life Basis
Lic. Agr. / Def. Fin. 10
Beginning Balance 0 0 0 0 0
Amortization 0 0 0 0 0
Ending Balance 0 0 0 0 ###
0
Goodwill 40
Beginning Balance 0 0 0 0 0
Amortization 0 0 0 0 0
Ending Balance 0 0 0 0 0
Other Intangibles 5
Beginning Balance 0 0 0 0 0
Amortization 0 0 0 0 0
Ending Balance 0 0 0 0 0
Total Amortization 0 1 1 1 1
CALCULATIONS
Pre-Implementation Post-Implementation
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
###
SVA
Income From Continuing Operations 0 0 0 37,911 40,475 43,164 45,986 48,951 52,063
Less: W.A.C.C. x (Total Noncurrent Assets + Working Capital) 0 0 0 5,740 6,300 6,897 7,534 8,212 8,933
SVA 0 0 0 32,171 34,175 36,266 38,453 40,739 43,130
Pre-Implementation Post-Implementation
ASSETS 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Current Assets
Cash 0 0 0 1,652 11,481 21,658 32,194 43,108 54,418
Accounts Receivable 0 0 0 6,860 7,203 7,563 7,941 8,338 8,755
Inventory 0 0 0 5,472 5,746 6,033 6,335 6,651 6,984
Prepaid Expenses 0 0 0 875 919 965 1,013 1,064 1,117
###
Other Current Assets 0 0 0 4,790 5,030 5,281 5,545 5,822 6,113
Total Current Assets 0 0 0 19,649 30,378 41,500 53,028 64,983 77,387
Noncurrent Assets
Machinery and Equipment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Building and Plant 0 0 0 61,962 61,962 61,962 61,962 61,962 61,962
Less: Accumulated Depreciation 0 0 0 0 (4,879) (9,758) (14,637) (19,516) (24,394)
Net Fixed Assets 0 0 0 61,962 57,083 52,204 47,325 42,446 37,568
Intangible Assets
Deferred Fin./ License/Startup 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Goodwill 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Project Costs-Capitalized 5 5 5 5 ###
5
Project Fees 1 1 2 2 ###
3
Other Intangibles 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Less: Accumulated Amortization (0) (1) (1) (2) (3)
Total Intangible Assets 0 0 0 0 5 5 5 5 5
Pre-Implementation Post-Implementation
LIABILITIES 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Current Liabilities
Interest Payable 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ###
0
Accounts Payable 0 0 0 7,677 8,061 8,464 8,887 9,331 9,798
Other Accrued Expenses 0 0 0 4,445 4,445 4,445 4,445 4,445 4,445
Unearned Revenue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Notes Payable 0 0 0 4,109 4,109 4,109 4,109 4,109 4,109
###
Current Portion of Long Term Debt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Taxes Payable 0 0 0 2,359 2,359 2,359 2,359 2,359 2,359
###
Distributions Payable 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ###
0
Other Current Liabilities 0 0 0 8,153 8,153 8,153 8,153 8,153 8,153
Total Current Liabilities 0 0 0 26,743 27,127 27,530 27,953 28,397 28,864
Noncurrent Liabilities
Long-Term Notes 0 0 0 10,901 10,901 10,901 10,901 10,901 10,901
Deferred Income Tax Liability 0 0 0 10,939 10,939 10,939 10,939 10,939 10,939
Deferred Taxes Payable 0 0 0 770 770 770 770 770 770
Total Noncurrent Liabilities 0 0 0 22,610 22,610 22,610 22,610 22,610 22,610
SHAREHOLDER’S EQUITY
Total Liabilities and Shareholder’s Equity 0 0 0 84,145 90,127 96,503 103,292 110,515 118,194
Pre-Implementation Post-Implementation
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Gross Margin Percentage N/A 46.05% 46.05% 46.05% 46.05% 46.05% 46.05%
Earnings Before Interest and Tax (“EBIT”) 0 0 0 38,558 41,122 43,811 46,633 49,598 52,710
Interest Income 0 0 0 0 0 0
Miscellaneous Income 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ###
0
Income from Continuing Operations 0 0 0 37,911 40,475 43,164 45,986 48,951 52,063
Provision for State & Federal Tax 0 0 0 32,631 34,837 37,151 39,581 42,132 44,810
Net Income Before Dividends 0 0 0 5,280 5,638 6,013 6,406 6,819 7,252
Preferred Dividends 0 0 0 0 40 40 40 40 40
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders 0 0 0 5,280 5,598 5,973 6,366 6,779 7,212
Pre-Implementation Post-Implementation
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Investing Activities
Capital Expenditures: 0 0 0 0 0
Cash Provided (Used) by Investing Activities 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Financing Activities
Change in Long-Term Notes 0 0 0 0 0
Change in Notes Payable 0 0 0 0 0
Preferred Dividends (40) (40) (40) (40) (40)
Cash Provided (Used) by Financing Activities (40) (40) (40) (40) (40)
Net Cash Flow Available to Common Shareholders 0 0 0 0 9,829 10,177 10,536 10,914 11,310
ANALYSIS
Pre-Implementation Post-Implementation
Financial and Operating Ratios 1996 1997 1998 1999 Benchmark 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Liquidity Ratios
Current Ratio (Current Assets/Current Liabilities) 0.7 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.7
Quick Ratio (Cash, Equivalents and Accounts Receivable/Current Liabilities) 0.3 0.7 1.1 1.4 1.8 2.2
Working Capital (Current Assets Less Current Liabilities) (7,094) 3,251 13,970 25,075 36,586 48,523
Activity Ratios
Sales/Average Receivables 32.4 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6 16.6
Days in Average Receivables 11.3 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0
Cost of Sales/Average Inventory 21.9 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2
Days in Average Inventory 16.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5
Cost of Sales/Average Accounts Payable 15.6 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0
Days in Average Accounts Payable 23.4 45.6 45.6 45.6 45.6 45.6
Working Capital Turnover (Net Sales Revenue/(Average Working Capital) (15.7) 35.9 14.2 6.6 4.4 3.3
Fixed Asset Turnover (Net Sales Revenue/Average Net Fixed Assets) 3.6 2.0 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.5
Asset Turnover (Net Sales Revenue/Average Total Assets) 2.6 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2
Profitability Ratios
Net Income/Average Shareholder’s Equity 0.30 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.11
Growth
Sales Growth 5% 5% 5% 5% ###
5%
EPS 2.17 2.32 2.48 2.64 2.81 2.99
###
Cost
NI/Sales (Profit Margin) 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% ###
5%
Gross Margin 46% 46% 46% 46% 46% 46%
###
SG&A as a % of Sales 7% 7% 6% 6% 6% ###
5%
Capital
Assets/Sales #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 76% 77% 79% 80% 82% 83%
SVA 0 0 0 32,171 34,175 36,266 38,453 40,739 43,130
Project
ROI #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 15% 14% 13% 12% 11% 11%
NPV $39,729
IRR Err:523