Condition ALL Iron deficiency ITP Infectious

Anemia
Onset Acute:
Common in pediatrics
Peak incidence: 2-5 y.o.
Sign and  Anemia can manifest
symptoms with fatigue, weakness,
pallor, malaise, dyspnea
on exertion, tachycardia,
and exertional chest pain
 Thrombocytopenia can
cause mucosal bleeding,
easy bruising,
petechiae/purpura,
epistaxis, bleeding
gums, and heavy
menstrual bleeding.
 Granulocytopenia or
neutropenia may present
with fevers and a severe
and/or recurrent infection
 Organ infiltration by
leukemic cells results in
enlargement of the
liver, spleen, and lymph
nodes. Bone marrow and
periosteal infiltration may
cause bone and joint
pain, especially in
children with ALL. CNS
penetration and
meningeal infiltration are
common and can result
in cranial nerve palsies,
headache, visual or
auditory symptoms,
altered mental status,
and transient ischemic
attack/stroke
CBC results Anemia
Leukocytosis with
lymphoblasts
Neutropenia
thrombocytopenia
mononucleosis
All ages Acute All ages
Young children (2-6y.o)
Clinical features Most children are well-  extreme fatigue
suggestive of appearing other than  fever
anemia: presenting with the  sore throat
Pallor classic petechial rash.  head and body
Pale conjunctivae Other symptoms: aches
Tachycardia  Bruising  swollen lymph
Cardiac murmur   lymphadenopathy or nodes in the
Lethargy hepatosplenomegaly neck and
Listlessness  Mucocutaneous armpits
Poor growth bleeding presents as  swollen liver or
Poor concentration petechiae, purpura, or spleen or both
ecchymosis on the  rash
Weakness
skin.
Shortness of breath
 nasal passages
Signs of cardiac
(epistaxis), buccal and
failure
gingival surfaces (gum
Signs of hemolysis
bleeding), GI tract,
include jaundice,
genitourinary system,
scleral icterus,
or vaginal bleeding. 
splenomegaly and
dark urine
Anemia Thrombocytopenia and Lymphocytosis
Normal WBC and anemia with atypical
platelet count mononuclear
cells