Year of

Sl No. Title Author Publisher Publisher Type

Publication
1 On the Protection of Cultural Relics in the 1999 P Baoming Tourism Tribune Journal
Historic and Cultural Famous Cities and the
Development of Tourism

2 Investigating the motivation–experience 2016 Yan, B. J., Tourism Journal

relationship in a dark tourism space: A case Zhang, J., Management
study of the Beichuan earthquake relics, China Zhang, H. L.,
Lu, S. J., &
Guo, Y. R

3 Research on tourism development of national 2004 HUANG Journal of Central Journal

preservation district of cultural relics ——A Xiang, LI Jia- China Normal
case: Jing-Chu cultural tourism district of qing, ZENG University
Jishan (China) Qun

4 Preservation of Cultural Relics and Tourism 2007 CHENG Zi- Tourism Tribune Journal
Industrialization:Incomplete Contract Theory jian,ZHONG
Xiao-han
5 A Study on Kinmen Residents’ Perception of 2016 Yi-Ping Wang EURASIA J Math Journal
Tourism Development And Cultural Heritage Sci Tech
Impact

6 The polysemy of punishment memorialization: 2011 Kevin Walby, Punishment & Journal
Dark tourism and Ontario's penal history Justin Piché Society
museums

7 The Protection of the Cultural Relics and 2009 GONG Xin Areal Research Journal
Historic Sites and Its Tourism Exploitation and Development

8 Chendu tourism economy development and 2009 Z Hong Special Zone Journal
non material culture relic protection Economy

9 Developing the role of history and culture in 2021 Ninh Ngo Hai, AIP Conference Conference
tourism development of Quang Ninh province Dinh Luong Proceedings Proceedings
Khac, Hung
Ngo Minh,
Lam Nguyen
Dinh, and Son
Quang Van
10 The Development of the Cultural Relics 2013 C Lei Journal of Yichun Journal
Tourism Resources in Fujian Province: Based College,
on the Perspective of Protection of Cultural
Relics

11 Integrating socialist cultural heritage into the 2010 G Balažič WIT Transactions Book Chapter
tourism offer of the municipality of Koper on Ecology and the
Environment

12 Relationship Between Cultural Relics 2007 K Li Journal of Journal

Preservation and Tourism Development in Chengde
Chengde Petroleum College

13 Studies on Designs for Sustainable 2010 Q. Yue International Journal

Development of Cultural Heritage Protection Symposium on
and Tourism from Perspectives of New Computational
Interactive and Real 3D Display Technology Intelligence and
Design

14 On Cultural Relic Value and It's Utilization 1999 L Anhe JOURNAL OF Journal
XIANYANG
TEACHERS
COLLEGE

15 Padre Pio for sale: souvenirs, relics, or identity 2012 Michael A. Di International Journal
markers? Giovine Journal of Tourism
Anthropology
16 Relics of manual rock disintegration in 2016 Hronček, Acta Montanistica Journal
historical underground spaces and their Pavel; Rybár, Slovaca
presentation in mining tourism. Pavol

17 Survey of the Market of Relic and Museum 2009 Z Juan Resource Journal
Tourism——A Case Study on Guilin City Development &
Market

18 The Impact of the Value Appraisal of 2006 SY Zhou, J Tourism Tribune Journal
Unmovable Cultural Relics Surface on the ZHAO, M
Protection of Cultural Space Layout in the JIANG
Ancient Capital——Taking Beijing's Xicheng
District as A Case Study

19 The Influence of Interpretation through 2021 Tătărușanu, Sustainability Journal

Guiding Tour, Quality of Reception and Relics’ M., Butnaru,
Worship on the Satisfaction of Pilgrims G. I., Niță, V.,
Attending the Iasi Feast Neculăesei, A.
N., &
Ciortescu, E.
20 Using electrical resistivity tomography and 2021 Lu, K., Li, F., Engineering Journal
surface nuclear magnetic resonance to Pan, J., Li, K., Geology
investigate cultural relic preservation in Leitai, Chen, Y., Li,
China Y., ... & Li, Z.

21 Spatial Layout and Coupling of Urban Cultural 2021 Zhou, X.; Sustainability Journal
Relics: Analyzing Historical Sites and Zhang, X.; Dai,
Commercial Facilities in District III of Shaoxing Z.; Hermaputi,
R.L.; Hua, C.;
Li, Y.

22 Geologic Relics of Fujian Province and Their 2004 Lian Shijin Geology of Fujian Journal
Scientific and Cultural Values

23 The Creation of National Treasures and 2001 Hyung Il Pai Korean Studies Journal
Monuments: The 1916 Japanese Laws on the University of
Preservation of Korean Remains and Relics Hawai'i Press
and Their Colonial Legacies
24 Punitive Healing and Penal Relics: Indigenous 2017 Jean-Philippe The Palgrave Book Chapter
Prison Labour and the (Re)production of Crete Handbook of
Cultural Artefacts Prison Tourism

25 Religious tourism and cultural pilgrimage: A 2007 Zhang, M., Religious tourism Book Chapter
Chinese perspective. Huang, L., and pilgrimage
Wang, J. H., management: An
Liu, J., Jie, Y. international
G., & Lai, X. perspective

26 Enlightenment from reusing of international 2005 H Xie, L Gao Human Journal

industrial heritage to development of Geography
industrial tourism in Mawei district of Fuzhou
27 The Paradox between Conservation and 2015 Sheng-Wen Applied Science Journal
Development: Can Cultural Relics of the Tseng and Management
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes be Preserved Research
through Cultural Creativity and Digital
Technologies?

28 Distribution characteristics of China's key 2010 Zhong-yuan, Eco-economy Journal

cultural relic tourism resources and Y. U., Bo, L. I.,
suggestions to its development and protection & Hua, B. I.

29 Museum-Authorization of Digital Rights: A 2021 Wang, Y.-C.; Sustainability Journal

Sustainable and Traceable Cultural Relics Chen, C.-L.;
Exhibition Mechanism Deng, Y.-Y.
30 Research on Cultural Tourism Brand Design of 2019 He Xiaoke 3rd International Conference
Hai Hun Hou Guo Relic Park Conference on Proceedings
Economics,
Management
Engineering and
Education
Technology
(ICEMEET 2019)

31 Liaonin province relic protection and tourism 2012 LMMWY Ying Special Zone Journal
development probing Economy

32 Cultural Heritage Assets in China as 2005 H Du Cros, T Journal of Journal

Sustainable Tourism Products: Case Studies of Bauer, C Lo, S Sustainable
the Hutongs and the Huanghua Section of the Rui - Tourism
Great Wall

33 On Tourism Development of Wuxi Ancient 2009 T Dong, J Business Economy Journal

Canal Zhang
34 A System Study on Cultural Relics 2009 Z Da-qing Journal of Hunan Journal
Management of Our Country University of
Science and
Engineering

35 Discussion of impact of relics activation on 2015 Jiao Xiaoqi ISPRS Annals of 25th
protection and utilization approaches-take The the International
Old Summer Palace as an example Photogrammetry, CIPA
Remote Sensing Symposium
and Spatial
Information
Sciences

36 Analysis on the environment of cultural relic 2017 Zhu IOP Conf. Series: Conference
as tourist attraction--take Yungang Grottoes as Xiangdong, Earth and Proceedings
an example Bai Jie Environmental
Science

37 The geological relics and exploitation of 2004 Zhuo-li, W. A. Journal of Xinyang Journal
tourism in Henan province N. G. Teachers College
38 Study on Tourism Environmental Capacity of 2008 Guo, J. Y. East China Journal
Nanjing Presidential Palace Economic
Management

39 Coordination between Protection and Tourism 2004 Zhang, W. Q., Tropical Journal
Exploitation of Cultural Relic Architecture. Chen, L., & Geography
Liu, S. H.

40 Non material industry relic tourism usage 2012 L Lei Special Zone Journal
under urban culture characteristic construction Economy
——take Jiangsu province as example

41 Research on Development Mode of Culture 2013 Hongyan, Y. Business Economy Journal

Tourism of Bohaiguo Relics U.
42 The Study on the Sustainable Development 2007 ZWZ Xiao-yan Tourism Research Journal
System of World Cultural Relic Tourism Based
on the Thinking of Yin Ruins’ Tourism
Booming During One Month Free Ticket

43 Tourists' perceptions of heritage tourism 2010 Aaron K. B. International Journal

development in Danish-Osu, Ghana Yankholmes,O Journal of Tourism
heneba A. Research
Akyeampong,

44 A tour guiding system of historical relics based 2016 Wei, X., Weng, IEEE Virtual Journal
on augmented reality D., Liu, Y., & Reality (VR)
Wang, Y.

45 Ecological Environment and Cultural Relic 2001 Lei, J. Huazhong Journal

Protection Policy of the Tourism in the Architecture
Western China

46 Constructing a trumped-up future with the 2017 Ikäheimo, J., & World Journal
pastness of the present? Neo-relics and Äikäs, T. Archaeology
archaeological heritage
47 De-museum Style: Another Tourism 2008 Jun, Y. A. N. Journal of Journal
Development Thought of large-scale Cultural G., & Lin, F. A. Xianyang Normal
Relic Ruins——Taking Shaanxi Qianling N. University
Mausoleum as an Example

48 Research on the evaluation system of the 2010 Lin, L. F., Human Journal
authenticity of ethnic cultural tourism Huang, G. H., Geography
products based on factor analysis & Wang, Y.
49 Relic Park: new industry of tourism 2012 Zhang, J. Z., & Human Journal
development on cultural heritage experience Sun, G. N Geography
——A case study of three relic parks in Xi'an

50 On the Development of Cultural Tourism 2021 Li Li Academic Journal Journal

Industry and the Protection and Utilization of of Humanities &
Cultural Relics in the Post Epidemic Period Social Sciences

51 Win-Win Strategy of Hangu Pass Protection 2013 Hongguang, Modern Urban Journal
and Tourism H. L. X. Z. L. Research
52 Kinmen: governing the culture industry city in 2001 Yang, M. C., & Cities Journal
the changing global context Hsing, W. C.

53 SCRMS: An RFID and Sensor Web-Enabled 2017 Xiao, C.; Chen, Sensors Journal
Smart Cultural Relics Management System N.; Li, D.; Lv,
Y.; Gong, J.

54 Fire Risk Assessment and Daily Maintenance 2018 Guan, Y. X., Procedia Journal
Management of Cultural Relic Buildings Based Fang, Z., & engineering
on ZigBee Technology Wang, T. R.
55 Temporalities and the conservation of cultural 2020 Zhu, K., Hein, Built Heritage Journal
relic protection units: legislative, economic and C.M.
citizen times of the Bugaoli community in
globalising Shanghai

56 Research on the Conservation Plan of E'mei 2007 Hui, L. Planners. Journal

Mountain World Culture Relics——Take the
Master Plan of E'mei Mountain Scenic Area as
an Example

57 The Franklin Relics in The Arctic Archive 2014 Adriana Victorian Journal
Craciun Literature and
Culture
58 Historical and Cultural Relics Tourism 2019 Haiyang Liu Conference on Conference
Development of Bohai in Tang Dynasty —A Education, Proceedings
Case Study of Dunhua Six Mountain Ancient Management
Tomb Group Science and
Economics
(ICEMSE 2019)

59 A Study on The Weathering Disease Of Stone 1995 Zhi-yi, L., Earth Science- Journal
Cultural Relics In ZHONGXIAN, Sichuan Xian-gong, Z., Journal of China
& Hong-song, University of
L. Geosciences

60 Relics Of Frederician Colonization In Southern 2016 Fajer, M., Proceedings of the Conference
Poland As Cultural And Natural Tourist Machowski, 3rd lnternational Proceedings
Destinations – The Case Of The Upper R., Rzetala, A. Multidisciplinary
LISWARTA River Catchment P. D. M., & Scientific
Waga, A. P. D. Conference on
J. M. Social Sciences and
Arts SGEM.

61 A Discussion on the Research of Disaster Site 2009 Liu, S. M., Li, Humanities & Journal
Tourism Resource Exploitation——about the W., & Liu, X. Social Sciences
Design of Wenchuan Earthquake Relic Circular B. Journal of Hainan
Tour University
62 Application of 3S-technology and its 2002 Zujin, W. A. Sciences of Journal
integration in protection of cultural relics N. G. Conservation and
Archaeology,

63 Research of Informational System for the 2004 ZENGQun- Areal Research and Journal
Historical Relics Protection of Three Gorgies hua, G. Development
Reservior Region Based on RS&GIS

64 Relics of Reconciliation: The Confederate 2011 Reiko Hillyer The Public Journal
Museum and Civil War Memory in the New Historian
South
65 Shift-Share Analysis on Competition of 2010 LI, H. J., & Geography and Journal
Inbound Tourism Destination in China LIANG, L. K. Geo-Information
Science

66 On practice System of Cultural Relics 2002 Yong-mei, L. I. Journal of Haidian Journal

Appreciation and Cultural Tourism Specialty U. University
67 Perspectives on the cultural heritage 2005 Chen, S. P., & Geographical Journal
conservation and development Huang, C. Research

68 The Project of the System About Analyzing 2004 Li-jun, G. A. Bulletin of Journal
Synthetically the Cultural Relic Resource O. Surveying and
Mapping

69 The large village relic's protective 2010 Wenliang, C. Journal of Arid Journal
actuality,problems and countermeasures——A H. E. N. Land Resources
case study of Yong Cite relic and Environment

70 Evaluation On the Possibility Of Exploiting 2019 Nguyen UED Journal of Journal

Historical-Cultural Relics For The Tourism Thanh Tuong Social Sciences,
Development In Ly Son Islands District, Humanities and
Quang Ngai Province Education
71 China & America world natural relic tourism 2009 Sheng, P. S. Special Zone Journal
resources management difference and its Economy
inspiration

72 Research on Distri—bution of Relics of Zhegao 2008 Chao, G., Journal of Chinese Journal
River Baisn Weihong, W. Historical
X. Q. Y. W., & Geography
Lei, H.

73 Solutions for Tuyen Quang and Binh Phuoc 2020 Dr. Nguyen International Journal
tourism industry sustainable development Hoang Tien, Journal of
comparative analysis Tran Minh Research in
Thai, Tran Marketing
Hoang Hau, Management and
Phung The Sales
Vinh and
Nguyen
Vuong Thanh
Long

74 Village Tourism Development and the Ways of 2008 Man-Yuan, J. Journal of Journal
Resources Exploitation of Cultural Relics and I. A. N. G. Chongqing Three
Historic Sites Gorges University

75 Marshaling Tito: A Plan for Socialist Cultural 2011 Gregor Balažič Focus on Journal
Heritage Tourism in Slovenia Geography
76 On tourism line's culture taste 2008 Man-Yuan, J. Journal of Journal
improvement:angle based on non material I. A. N. G. Chongqing Three
culture relic——take pearlriver delta as Gorges University
examplte

77 Remote Sensing-Based Dynamic Monitoring of 2021 Liu, Y.; Tang, Sustainability Journal
Immovable Cultural Relics, from Y.; Jing, L.;
Environmental Factors to the Protected Chen, F.;
Cultural Site: A Case Study of the Shunji Wang, P.
Bridge

78 Branding and marketing heritage in tourism: A 2019 Rajanayake, R. International Conference

survey based on the Temple of the Tooth Relic M. C. P. Conference on Proceedings
K.,Karunathila Heritage as Soft
ke, M.M. B. P. Power,Centre for
K.,Rupasinghe Heritage Studies,
, C. S.,& University of
Hewawasam, Kelaniya Sri
S. S. Lanka.
79 Natural culture relic resource's equity nature 2013 Hua, L. X. B. Special Zone Journal
analysis C. J Economy

80 Residents' perceptions of Transatlantic Slave 2009 Yankholmes, Journal of Heritage Journal

Trade attractions for heritage tourism in A. K. B., Tourism
Danish-Osu, Ghana Akyeampong,
O. A., & Dei,
L. A.

81 Ethnic Tourism in Rural Guizhou: Sense of 1997 Timothy S. Tourism, Book Chapter
Place and the Commerce of Authenticity Oakes Ethnicity, and the
State in Asian and
Pacific Societies

82 Tourism Attraction and Tourist Satisfaction 2018 Zhao, P., Journal of Journal
with World Heritage: A Case Study of Mount Zhang, L., & Marketing
Wuyi. Guang Tian, R Development &
Competitiveness

83 Potential for the Development of Community 2021 Duong Thi REVISTA Journal
Tourism in Vo Nhai Site (Thai Nguyen - Huyen GEINTEC-
VIETNAM) Dinh Tran GESTAO
Ngoc Huy INOVACAO E
Nguyen Thi TECNOLOGIAS
Suoi Linh
84 Consideration about the Education on College 2007 LIU, M. M., & Chinese Journal
Students' Relics Protection XU, W. C Geological
Education

85 Tokens of renewal: The picture postcard as a 2013 Ceri Price Culture and Journal
secular relic of re-creation and recreation Religion

86 Cultural Tourism Products: A Case Study in 2011 Zhang, Y. UNLV Theses, Project
the Xi’an City Dissertations,
Professional
Papers, and
Capstones.
87 Modeling and Processing of Smart Point 2021 Yang, S.; Hou, ISPRS Int. J. Geo- Journal
Clouds of Cultural Relics with Complex M.; Shaker, A.; Inf.
Geometries Li, S.

88 Folk custom non material culture relic 2011 Mu, T. L. Z Special Zone Journal
protection and tourism development's Economy
interactive relation research——take
Guangzhou Shawan floating parade as
example

89 Content and method on study of science of 2003 Hong, G. U. O. Sciences of Journal

conservationof culture relics (2003). Conservation and
Archaeology
90 Analysis on the environment of cultural relic 2018 Zhu, IOP Conference Conference
as tourist attraction--take Yungang Grottoes as Xiangdong; Series. Earth and Proceedings
an example Bai Jie. Environmental
Science;

91 Analysis of Cultural Meme Characteristics for 2020 Li, H.; Shi, Z.; Information Journal
Big Data of Cultural Relics Chen, L.; Cui,
Z.; Li, S.;
Zhao, L.

92 ERMP for Exploitation of Relic and Museum 2008 Gang, L., & Journal of Beijing Journal
Tourist Resources in Guilin Juan, Z. International
Studies University
93 Ethnic Cultural Tourism Resources Evaluation 2017 Saiken, A., Journal of Journal
and Development: Kazakh Cultural Tourism Zhaoping, Y., Environmental
Resources Analysis Mazbaev, O., Management &
Duissembayev Tourism,
, A.,
Izdenbaev, B.,
&
Nassanbekova
,S

94 Chinese Historic Buildings Fire Safety and 2013 AN, Z. Y., & Procedia Journal
Countermeasure Liu, B Engineering

95 A Study on Conservation Measures of 2007 Li, D., & Planners Journal

Longshan Town Cultural Relics in Zhangqiu Qingsen, C.
City

96 An Analysis of the Price Increase of the Tickets 2010 Li-jun, Z. H. Journal of Jiaxing Journal
for Tourism Scenic Spots in Cultural Relics U. University
Protection Units Based on the Public Goods
Theory
97 Religious heritage and emerging tourism in the 2010 Marina Journal of Journal
Republic of Georgia Metreveli & Heritage Tourism
Dallen J.
Timothy

98 A Tentative Discussion on Museum Exhibits of 2008 Su, Y. Philosophy and Journal

Cultural Relics Social Sciences
Edition

99 China non marterial industry relic protection 2011 Lei, L. Special Zone Journal
tourism development Economy

100 Dalian industry relic tourism developing 2010 Lei, Z. L. F. L. Special Zone Journal
motivation mechanism and countermeasure Economy
probing
101 Preliminarly study of urban planning and 2001 HU, L. J., & Journal of Journal
tourism industry development——The GAO, B. Northwestern
protection of tourism resources in the various Institute of
urban planning in Xi'an city Architectural
Engineering

102 Cultural Relic Preservation and Development 2009 Fuqing, L. Chongqing Social Journal
in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Science

103 Exploration and implementation of ontology- 2018 Weiqiang AIP Conference Conference
based cultural relic knowledge map integration Yang and Proceedings Proceedings
platform Yiqiang Dong
104 Reconciling tourism, cultural change and 2006 Dombroski, K. Massey University. University
empowerment in a Tibetan host community Centre for Project
Indigenous
Governance and
Development.

105 Spatial Distribution Characteristics Of National 2013 Xi, X. S., Xu, L. Human Journal
Cultural Relic Protection Units Y., & Chen, Y. Geography
Y.

106 Present Situation And Protection Of The 2007 Wang, X. M., Geology and Journal
Geologic Relics In Yuntaishan Geopark, Henan Wang, P. Y., Resources
Province Zhu, Y. L.,
Hou, M. C.,
Sun, Y. Y., &
Dai, X.
107 Some Reflections on Relics of the Trans- 2008 Alaba African Diaspora Newsletter
Atlantic Simpson Archaeology
Slave Trade in the Historic Town of Badagry, Newsletter
Nigeria

108 The Effect of Shaanxi Great Relics Protection 2007 Hong-yan, L. Journal of Xi'an Journal
and Programme on Regional Economy I. University of Arts
and Science

2007
Abstract Keyword Category

China's historic and cultural famous cities are of eternal glamour. It lies in history and Cultural Relics, Tourism, Culture
culture.Unfortunately,quite a number of people in the famous cities neglect this while developing economy Historical City, China
and tourism.Cultural relics and tourism resources are being destroyed deliberately or unconsciously.The
construction and reforming work in the famous cites always result in ridiculous and lamentable disaster.Amid
the alarming cry “saving our cultural relics” the developers are still persisting in their old ways,thus causing
the surface or underground cultural relics a destructive damage.How to solve the contradiction of cultural
relics is really a subject deserving our serious discussion. This article,taking Yangzhou,one of the twenty four
historic and cultural famous cities promulgated by the State Council,and China's most predigious tourist
city,as an example,offers some constructive thoughts on how to solve this important subject.

This study identifies implications of dark tourism and describes how tourists and destinations, which are Dark tourism, Disaster Relic
principal collateral cores, define what constitutes “dark” travel. The study also examines the dimensions of tourism, Experience, Tourism
dark tourism motivation and experience and finds that the former partly affects the latter. The exploratory Motivation, Emotional
factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis aimed to examine why tourists approach and engage with reaction
disaster sites and how such experiences may affect tourists motivation and emotional reaction. It is the first
paper that applies structural equation modelling to dark tourism research. We focus on the causal relationships
between dimensions of motivation and experience, and the relationship that the emotional reactions effect on
tourist experiences. We find that the curious visitors are likely to engage cognitively by learning about the
incident or related issues and tourists' emotional reaction to the “dark” space influence more heavily emotional
tourist experiences than cognitive experiences do.

Many tourism districts are facing the problem of coping with the contradictions between preservation of Cultural Relics, Tourism, Culture
cultural relics and tourism exploitation. According to the fact of Jishan, which is approved as one of Chu- Historical Relics, China
cultural tourism districts in China, this paper puts forward the guiding thoughts of tourism exploitation on the
basis of the preservation of the historical relics, namely, fully acting on the thought of successive development,
persisting with the strategic adjustment between preservation and exploitation in different phases, paying heed
to exploitation sequence as well as thematic emphasis, abiding by the principles of developing coordination
and improving both economic returns and social benefits in full swing.

Weighing the pros and cons between tourism exploitation and preservation of cultural relics is a key problem Cultural Relics, enterprise Relic
in cultural relic tourism industry.From this perspective,the paper,using incomplete contract theory,develops a management, institutional Tourism
model to analyse the two typical tourism administrative systems——enterprise management and institutional management, social
management.The result shows that the exterprises will devote more efforts of exploitation than the social optimum, profitability
optimum while the institutions will devote less.However,both the enterprises and institutions devote less exploitation, Tourism
efforts on protection than the social optimum.The optimal administrative system depends on two factors——
profitability of exploitation and fragility of cultural relics.As both fragility and profitability are large,the
optimal system chooses to lean to institutuns,otherwise it is better to choose enterprises.
Tourism development could drive the enhancement of national income and the demands for international tourism Heritage
tourism that tourism benefits have become the key source of national revenue. The integration of cultural relics developmenttourism
with tourism development to drive the national or regional development has currently become the world crowdingattitudes
trend. Making good use of the integration of historic and cultural heritage with unique national characteristics towards the sustainable
and customs has become a major incentive to tourists.Besides, the perception of tourism crowding would development of
deepen the negative correlation between the perception of tourism impact and the attitudes towards the tourismKinmen cultural
sustainable development. In this case, the government must solve the problem of tourism crowding by heritage
effectively dispersing tourism crowding .

Contributing to debates about cultural representations of prisons and prisoners, as well as exploring the dark tourism, Relic
crossover between the dark tourism literature and cultural criminology, this article reflects on how penal imprisonment, museums, Tourism
museums in the province of Ontario, Canada, create and communicate meaning as it regards imprisonment penal reform,
and punishment. Drawing from field notes made after observations at penal museums located in central and punishment, museum
eastern Ontario cities and towns, we contend that penal museum relics offer a polysemy of meaning to relics
viewers, as critical, indifferent and punitive interpretations are possible. Based on analysis of tour guide
narratives as well as penal relics, we explore how the process of memorialization in many of these museums is
organized around the idea of penal reform, which positions imprisonment and punishment as remnants of the
past and introduces a social distance between the punished and the penal spectator.

In China,as an important part of the tourism resources,the cultural relics and historic sites have been playing a tourism resources, the Relic
rather unique role in developing the tourism.There are a lot of valuable cultural relics and historic sites in cultural relics and historic Tourism
Henan Province and all the social circles have been focused on the following points:recognizing correctly the sites
features of the cultural relics and historic sites as the tourism resources,studying seriously its protection and
exploitation, utilizing its resources with the permission of the national laws,coping with the current economic
crisis and promoting the development of the local social economy.

In order to improve all the people on the importance of non-matter cultural legaceies awareness, and enhance Relic protection, tourism Culture
the protection awareness.Based on the Chengdu region of the non-matter cultural legaceies protection to culture
analysis of existing problems, in order to focus on the corresponding countermeasures.Arising from members
to non-material cultural legaceies protection concerns,let non-material cultural legaceies protection work into
the tens of thousands of households.

Quang Ninh is a province on the northeastern coast of Vietnam. In addition to the outstanding values of the Historical and cultural Culture
world natural heritage Ha Long Bay, Quang Ninh also has a rich and diverse historical-cultural relic system, relics, tourism activities
which is a resource for cultural tourism development. However, at present, the exploitation of the system of
historical and cultural relics for tourism activities in Quang Ninh province has many shortcomings. The article
focuses on analyzing the status of exploitation in special national-level monuments: Historical relics and Yen
Tu landscapes; Tran Dynasty relic; Bach Dang historical relic area and Cua Ong Temple to serve tourism
development in Quang Ninh province. On that basis, propose a number of solutions to preserve and promote
the role of historical and cultural relics in tourism development according to the sustainable local direction.
The cultural relic tourism resources are rich in Fujian province,so it is very value and significance to develop Cultural relics, tourism Relic
cultural relic tourism.But the development and protection of cultural relics tourism resources are a pair of resources, Tourism
contradiction in many cases.There are still some problems in development and protection,such as uneven
development,vulgar management,lack of funding and simple protection.It must be have a dialectical view of
the development and protection,strengthen the overall planning and regional cooperation to develop
moderately,perfect the legal system and popularize the knowledge of cultural relics.

In the following, we register and analyze the cultural heritage of socialism Cultural heritage, Relics of Heritage
formed by various particular relics. We describe each relic, its tourism potential socialism,
and place among the different types of cultural heritage

The multitudinous cultural relic resources in Chengde promoted the development of tourism,so they are an Multitudinous cultural Relic
indispensable part in the development of Chengde economy.In spite of this,problems exist in the relic, cultural relics, Tourism
preservation,exploration and utilization of these relics.There also exists the contradiction between the preservation
preservation of cultural relics and the development of city economy.In order to gain a win-win effect in the
preservation of cultural relics and the development of tourism in Chengde,it is necessary to solve the problems
in the preservation of cultural relics in terms of policy,fund,working staff,and environment.

With digital technology, especially on the basis of new interactive technology and real 3D technology, this Cultural differences, Culture
article makes an introduction to studies about sustainable development of combining display of cultural Three dimensional
heritage and cultural relics and tourism exploitation on the premise of protection. Based on the practical displays, Augmented
application to a certain World Cultural Heritage in Beijing, this study explores the feasibility of the reality, Educational
combination. Additionally, the process and fruit of this design originality and digital technologies involved in institutions, Real time
this study are introduced in this article. systems, Cameras,
Computers

Cultural relic is one kind of special commodities. In which there is use value, exchange value and collection Cultural Relics, value, Heritage
value. It would be one effective measures of cultural relic protection to make rational use of the law of value. protection

Based on long-term ethnographic research, this paper examines the role of material culture (objects, souvenirs, Padre Pio of Pietrelcina, Heritage
art and built structures) in the contemporary Catholic cult of St. Padre Pio of Pietrelcina, particularly how it is San Giovanni Rotondo,
created, contextualised, contested, and consumed by pilgrims at Pio’s shrine of San Giovanni Rotondo. The Italy, pilgrimage, religious
shrine’s managers have frequently been criticised for its commercialism and invasive nature. While some tourism, cult of saints,
critiques are warranted, this paper argues that they fail to consider deeper meanings of these objects. In relics, souvenirs, identity
particular, they are conceived of as relics – social and spiritual mediators – that connect the pilgrim with the markers
saint and with other devotees; they are also identity markers whose employment by diverse groups within the
cult both index and construct deeply held cosmological notions of their relationship to Pio and the
supernatural. The examination of these factors, therefore, ultimately provides a valuable look at the discourses
and practices during the formation of a major saint’s cult.
The article chronologically and methodically describes relics of the manual underground excavation preserved Cultural environment, Culture
on the walls of the Slovak underground works. The analyzed relics a manual excavation may be used as Tourism, Relics
geotouristic objects. These attractive micro shapes hardly identified in the underground by visitors, are
presented only in Banská Štiavnica Mining Museum. We offer examples of relics after the manual
disintegration of rocks in the underground, according to the development of the technology of the
disintegration and hardness of rocks. As a result of our long-term studies of the underground, in the main part
of this article we describe examples from Slovak territory. Presented can serve as a basic guide for geotourism
reason, while visiting underground. Furthermore, it makes easier the identification of historical technology
used for the rock disintegration and explains the various genesis of relics to experts, tourist guides and visitors.

Based on the analysis of the data of the market of Guilin City,this paper used SPSS software to make a statistic Cultural Tourism, Relics Culture
analysis on the tourist behavior,explored the lifecycle of development and the feature of the times.Finally,it
tried to find a way to opening up the marker of relic and museum tourism.

Unmovable Surface cultural relics belong to cultural landscapes in the research of Cultural Geography Science. Cultural relics, tourism Relic
They are also important cultural and tourism resources in a city. The paper tries to analyse their relative value Tourism
by way of analytical hierarchy process. Since unmovable cultural resources are of strong externality, we have
taken some methods of resource economics to calculate their absolute value. Based on our analysis and
calculation by AHP, the authors find that relatively prominent value is garden cultural resource with water
bodies as its key landscapes in Xicheng District. By calculating asset value, the authors also find that these
gardens boast the highest external benefit. This paper offers suggestions on urban space planning for its
cultural strategy, e.g. building “Capital Water Landscape” surrounded by Nanhai, Zhonghai, Beihai and
Shichahai.

Recently, in line with the increased attention paid to cultural tourism in general and to religious tourism in pilgrimage; pilgrims’ Heritage
particular, researchers and practitioners have become increasingly interested in the analysis of various aspects satisfaction; personal
related to cultural heritage in order to capitalize on its value by means of its interpretation, thus providing interpretation methods;
beneficial effects both for tourists and for tourism’s sustainable development. The aim of this research is to guided tour; potential to
analyze the extent to which the methods of interpretation of the religious cultural heritage: guiding tours, worship relics; reception;
quality reception, and relic worship influence the satisfaction of tourists participating in the “Saint Parascheva” socio-demographic profile
pilgrimage, held annually by the Metropolitan Cathedral in Iasi. The data were collected by means of a survey
(N = 932) and the information was processed by using the SPSS version 25 program. Our results indicate the
significant influence that the potential to worship relics has on pilgrims’ satisfaction compared to other
interpretation methods, such as the relationship with the Cathedral’s staff or the possibility of participating in
guided tours. Pilgrims’ satisfaction is also perceived differently depending on certain aspects of their socio-
demographic profile, i.e., their age and the perceived faith level. This study is relevant for researchers,
managers, and students interested in the field of cultural heritage interpretation in genera, and in the field of
religious heritage in particular, and could significantly contribute to improving pilgrims’ satisfaction as well as
cultural heritage preservation.
 Leitai symbol of cultural tourism by the China National Tourism Administration as … Cultural Tourism, relics Culture
2001, Leitai was designated as one of China's key state cultural relic protection sites. Over several Protection, Tomography
hundred years, several processes have affected cultural relics in Leitai

Exploring the spatial coupling relationship between cultural relics and historic sites and their surroundings can Cultural relics and historic Relic
provide reasonable suggestions for the layout and development of commercial facilities and hold crucial sites; commercial facilities; Tourism
significance for improving the management and maintenance of cultural relics and historical sites, as well as spatial coupling; spatial
enhancing their attractiveness to the public. We chose District III of Shaoxing City as the research area based on layout; POI; accessibility
the point of interest and road network data. This study analyzed the scale and accessibility of cultural relics
and historic sites (CRHSs) as well as their surrounding commercial facilities, and then objectively evaluated
their spatial layout and coupling relationship by employing kernel density estimation, standard deviation
ellipse, network analysis, inverse distance weight and the spatial correlation analysis method. The results show
that: (1) from the perspective of spatial layout, the distribution of CRHSs has a positive and strong correlation
with the distribution of road networks; (2) there are noticeable variations in the number of industrial facilities
surrounding various CRHSs, closely related to the protection grade of CRHSs; (3) the accessibility of
commercial facilities surrounding CRHS varies significantly—commercial facilities surrounding CRHSs
located within central District III of Shaoxing City have good accessibility, whereas those of the peripheral
areas have comparatively poor accessibility; and (4) the accessibility of commercial facilities surrounding
CRHSs in different administrative districts varies, showing an extremely uneven pattern.

Fujian Province is situated in the southeast edge of the Eurasia Plate and close to the Pacific Plate. Since Later Fujian, Scientific tourism, Relic
Archaeozoic era (270 hundred million years old), a great number of geologic relics with unique features come Relics Tourism
into being in the long period of geologic history. These geologic relics are an integration of typicality,
singularity and sight-enjoyable. They will play a vital role in exploring the geological process of different
geological periods along the Southeast China coast, in expanding the geologic tourism and in popularizing the
geosciences. To built up different levels and types of geoparks and to lead the way of scientific tourism are an
efficient path of protecting geologic relics and exploiting geologic resources for long. Therefore, it is necessary
to gradually establish all levels of geoparks in a planned way so as to enshield the invaluable geologic
resources.

This article surveys the history of KoreaÕs heritage management laws and administration beginning with the Korean cultual Relics, Relic
current divisions of the Office of Cultural Properties and tracing its structure back to the 1916 Japanese Status Tourism
Preservations Laws governing Korean remains and relics. It focuses on the eighty-year-old bureaucratic
process that has led to the creation of a distinct Korean patrimony, now codified and ranked in the nationally
designated registry of cultural properties (Chijong munhwajae). Due to the long-standing perceived
"authentic" status of this sanctified list of widely recognized "Korean" national treasures, they have been
preserved, reconstructed, and exhibited as tangible symbols of Korean identity and antiquity since the early
colonial era.
Images and symbols of penal power have long been a curiosity to the public. As Foucault (1977) has shown, Indigenous People Culture
public tolerance for open displays of pain inflicted on the body of the accused dissipated at the end of the Cultural Artefact
eighteenth century alongside the emergence of new social and scientific understandings about the body, mind Indigenous Culture Mass
and spirit of those deemed criminal. Much like the collapse of the scaffold in the mid-eighteenth century, the Incarceration Penal
death penalty is now at the brink of abolition in advanced liberal democracies where it continues to be Labour
practised (see Garland 2010), yet only to be replaced by other means of punishment such as life imprisonment
without the possibility of parole—widely considered as ‘the other death penalty’ by those who are at the mercy
of such a punishment (Hartman 2009; Johnson and McGunigall-Smith 2008).

Religious tourism has already attracted non-religious followers as well as religious followers Religious Tourism, Heritage
to travel to the religious and cultural relics and … see the full extent of the meaning of religious Cultural Relics,
tourism: it is different from other general forms of tourism based on sightseeing and cultural … Sightseeing

General speaking,Industrial tourism refers to that the modern industrial enterprises attract tourists with Industrial Tourism, Heritage
producing factories,producing lines,tools,materials,industrial technology,handcrafts industry,etc,thus to make Heritage, Cultural
tourists know about the industrial products and its producing process,to enrich their knowledge,to open their tourism, Relics
eyes,and to satisfy their curiosity about the industry.With a brief understanding the origin and the concept of
industrial tourism and industrial heritage tourism,enlightened by the three patterns of industrial heritage
renovation in the western countries,namely as,1) the industrial relics are renovated completely as the new
functions;2) the industrial relics are renovated partly as industry-related functions;3) the industrial relics are
reused as recreation parks.This paper also put stress on that the industrial tourism of Mawei is characterized
by preserving and reusing of the industrial relics to make the most of the marine cultural history,instead of
visiting the modern shipbuilding industry.Based on all of above mentioned,this paper brings forward of four
patterns on the Mawei's industrial tourism development,namely as 1)To start the "Industrial Heritage Tourism"
by preserving and reusing the relics of Mawei-Shipyard;2.To develop the modern shipbuilding for
sightseeing;3.To built the theme park of marine culture and history for sightseeing;4.To construct the hi-tech
industry parks,tax-free parks and Taiwan-investment parks for sightseeing,thus form a prefect tourism
products which can satisfy tourists with an entire industrialized history from traditional industry with more
than one hundred years history to the modern hi-tech industry since opening and reforming in our
country.This paper names these tourism products as "live teaching materials" for national industrial history.
The Mogao Grottoes as one of the most famous UNESCO ＂World Heritage Sites＂ are a treasure trove of Cultural Relics Heritage
world renowned murals, architectural art, sculptures and cultural history. However, over 810,000 tourists per Conservation;Heritage
year now has resulted in severe damage to the murals and structural integrity of the Mogao Grottoes. This Tourism;Cultural
study aims to answer the following question: how can Dunhuang Research Academy achieve a healthy balance Creativity;Digital
between heritage tourism development and conservation of cultural relics with cultural creativity elements and Technologies;Dunhuang
digital technologies? This paper finds that Dunhuang Research Academy resorted to digital technologies to Mogao Grottoes
convert the visitor management mode from ＂physical Dunhuang＂ to ＂digital Dunhuang+physical
Dunhuang＂. The digital multimedia technologies are used to extract the cultural quintessence and cultural
creativity elements of the Mogao Grottoes through films, animations, and interactive signboards to present the
history and art of Mogao Grottoes to tourists. The new tourist management model could increase the daily
visitor carrying capacity to 6,000 tourists and significantly improve the quantity of information available to the
tourists. Not only that, it has also reduced the number of grottoes visited by tourists, shortened their visiting
duration inside the grottoes and thereby alleviated their threat to the grottoes, consequently resolving the
paradox between cultural relic conservation and tourism development.

SPSS13. 0 was used to process the data of the 1-6 batch of key cultural relic conservation units promul-gated by Cultiural Relic, Heritage, Heritage
the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China; and multi-element evaluation method was used to
calculate the composite distribution index. The spatial distribution of cultural relics of provinces in China can
be divided into four grades, namely: very rich areas, rich areas, poor areas and very poor areas; the article
analyzes the characteristics of cultural resources in spatial and temporal distribution.

The digital rights management of museums is a mechanism that protects digital content from being abused by museum; digitization; Relic
controlling and managing its usage rights. Traditional museums attach importance to the collection, display, blockchain; digital rights Tourism
research, and education functions of “objects”. In response to natural or man-made disasters, people are often management (DRM);
caught off guard, destroying material, intangible assets, and spiritual symbolism. Therefore, with the smart contract;
advancement of digital technology, this research is based on the mechanism of blockchain, through the sustainability
authorization of cryptographic proxy re-encryption, and proposes a new method for the preservation and
authorization of digital content in museums, which can effectively display, store, and promote “important
cultural relics and digital archives”. In this research, the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA),
blockchain, and smart contracts are used to design a sustainable and traceable cultural relic exhibition
mechanism. The proposed scheme achieves publicly verifiable, transparency, unforgeability, traceability, non-
repudiation, standardization of stored data, timeliness, etc., goals. It is the museum’s preservation and
innovation approach for the unpredictable future. Through appropriate preservation and management
mechanisms, it has extremely important practical significance for the protection of museum collections, the
inheritance of historical and cultural heritage, and the expansion of social education
 Cultural tourism has gradually become one of the main directions of tourism Han dynasty culture; Culture
development. Nowadays, the homogeneity of tourism products is becoming more and more serious. dynamic design; design
This paper aims to explore how to build Hai Hun Hou Guo Relic Park into a well-known brand of integration
cultural tourism with distinct characteristics, promote the integration of culture and tourism in a
wider and higher level, and enhance its attraction, influence and competitiveness.

Industrial heritage tourism is a new style of tourism which is developed on the basis of industrial remains Industrial heritage Heritage
during traditional industrial regional industry's decline.As been called republic's firstborn,Liaoning has tourism, heritage
amount of industrial heritage with abundant value of history,culture,science and aesthetic.They have high
potential of tourism exploitation.Based on the statement of industrial history,distribution and current
exploitation situation,this paper analyzes the effects of exploiting industrial heritage and proposes relevant
utilization.

Due to its rich stock of heritage assets, extraordinary pace of market liberalisation, and its political China, heritage, Heritage
administration, the People’s Republic of China is at a crossroads in terms of the management of its heritage sustainable tourism,
assets. In order to better understand the threats and opportunities that market liberalisation may pose for Hutongs, Great Wall
cultural heritage assets as future tourism products, this study examines two examples in the Beijing
municipality; the Hutongs and the section of the Great Wall at Huanghua. These case studies are used to
investigate the coordination of policy to balance modernisation and conservation of heritage assets in Beijing,
and place it against a general model of stakeholder roles that can drive the sustainable use of heritage assets.
Teasing out the nature of these roles has identified where tourism development aids or detracts from existing
heritage conservation policies. Without better coordination of roles in policy implementation, the sustainability
of many heritage assets as future tourism products is in question.

There are abundant tourism resources in Wuxi ancient canal,once flourished in the 1980s and 1990s and carried Cultural Relics, Heritage. Heritage
the source,prosperity and downfall of culture with history and uniqueness.To build Wuxi into a famous Tourism
historical cultural reserve,the government has developed ancient canal tourism and took some effect,but there
existed imperfection in propaganda,effective utilization and continuous development.To revitalize the scenery
of ancient canal,the government should deliberately create and protect canal brand centralized in inheriting
cultural lines,cooperatively develop it to keep its integral image,and protect and beautify the resource and
environment to promote cultural operation and marketilization process.At the same time,starting from the
current relics,the government should establish Wuxi ancient canal into an international tourism destination
with relic tourism,leisure,and cultural exposition and art appreciation oriented by market demand.
Cultural relic is a very important cultural heritage resource, which is of public-goods properties such as public, Cultural Relic, Heritage. Culture
public-benefit ,non-profit. As a general goods, it has historical, cultural,artistic values and general market Travel
nature. At the same time, as a special commodity, it has collective and circulation value. State and government
must take advantage of laws and regulations, subsidies and financial means to realize an effective regulatory
system of cultural resources through rule establishment 、centralized system reform、resources compensation
and supervision mechanism in order to achieve effective protection of cultural relics and long-term use.

As the popularization of cultural relics and the rapid development of cultural tourism industry, a large number Relics ；Activation of Relic
of cultural relic tourism resources goes into public eyes. Activation of relics has became an important way for Tourism
tourist to contact and understand culture relics. The way of how to properly interpret the historical sense and relics；protection of
cultural uniqueness to the masses of tourists in order to achieve social service functions of relic resources has relics；the Old Summer
always been research focal point of site protection and utilization, so Palace ; culture; tourism
nowadays it has important significance to protection and utilization of heritage resources in our country. From
the point of activation of relics and based on the analysis of resource characteristic, the paper in depth discuss
ways of activation of relics of the Old Summer Palace, in order to provide reference for sustainable
development of sites tourism in China.

Cultural relic resources are precious non-renewable resources and an important Relics Resource, Tourism, Relic
cornerstone for the development of cultural relic tourism. With the rapid development of tourism Cultural Heritage, Eco Tourism
industry, the native environment of cultural relics is being squeezed constantly. Meanwhile, tourism
under the economic interests, cultural relic’s protection and heritage tourism contradictions
continue to intensify. The present era which the architectural style is convergence, cultural
relics protection is simplistic, restore historical sites blindly and other. In the historical process of
economic development and the acceleration of new-type urbanization, the heritage industry
faces the dual tasks and development challenges. As cultural relic protection workers,
investigation of the utilization of cultural relic’s tourist attractions, investigation and analysis of
the Yungang Grottoes, indicating cultural relics as a tourist attraction, not only to strengthen the
protection of ontology, also should attach importance to the coordinated development of the
protection of cultural relics and the utilization of tourism

The varieties of geological relics are rich in Henan province. Most of them distribute in accordance of human, Geological relics and Relic
nature and landscapes. The geological relics are in high-grade and it also has great values in terms of ecological Tourism
ornamental, scientific research and geological history in Henan province.While exploiting, there are still some environment;Scientific
problems, such as the entire distribution is not perfect; ignoring the protection of geological relics and tourism;
ecological environment; paying less attention to scientific tourism; the depth of exploitation is not enough and
so on. It is suggested to survey deeply; to make a good plan; to enhance propaganda and push out famous
brand in this essay.
The Nanjing presidential palace is a collection scientific research,the cultural relic preservation,the popular Cultural relic. Tourism, Culture
science education and the traveling is a body comprehensive museum.This article through on-the-spot preservation
investigation analysis,has carried on the discussion to the presidential palace tourism environmental
capacity,and aims at the present presidential palace tourist partial overload and the tourist population
insufficient coexisting phenomenon,proposed has the plan disperser passenger flow,uses the pale busy season
admission ticket,fully using the scenic area existing space,provides countermeasures and so on traveling
supplies.

Protection and tourism exploitation of cultural relic architecture are one of the concrete forms of contradiction Cultural Relic, Heritage. Heritage
between culture heritage protection and tourism industry development. Cultural relic tourism which takes Travel, Cultural Relic
cultural relic architecture as special tourism resource has become important support to tourism industry Architecture
development in lots of regions. With tourists increased rapidly in the last ten odd years, contradiction between
protection and tourism exploitation of cultural relic architecture is becoming more and more acute, and its
nature is the problem about value and benefit. The basic characteristics of cultural relic architecture, the
problems that the architecture protection faces, and the demand of the tourist market are analysed. Suggestions
about the coordination between protection and tourism development of cultural relic architecture are put
forward in six aspects: 1) the government should play a leading role in protection of cultural relic architecture;
2) exploitation concept should be changed to increasing benefits of cultural relic architecture; 3) tourism
exploitation should be carefully positioned; 4) tourism exploitation should meet the market demand; 5) the
right of tourism operation and management might be opened based on system of protection and supervising;
6) attention should be paid to the training of specializing tour-guides.

As the representative of urban culture distinctive,Intangible Industrial Heritage is of typical ethnical and Urban Culture, Heritage, Heritage
regional characteristics.Jiangsu Province can apply its rich intangible industrial heritage resources in tourism Tourism
so as to promote urban cultural characteristics.The paper sums up the current situation of intangible industrial
heritage,and analyses the occurrence condition and characteristics of Jiangsu intangible industrial heritage.It
also explains the value of intangible industrial heritage itself and to urban culture distinctive construction,and
finally puts forward the countermeasures for intangible industrial heritage tourism from urban culture
distinctive construction perspective.

Historical site tourism looks to attract tourists by culture and history of relics and generate economic benefits Historical and cultural Culture
while preserving its ruins. We are committed to developing culture tourism products in Bohaiguo Relics. And relics, tourism activities
we should innovate development mode based on its realities. That is to say, we should design and build relics
park, temples, history and culture park and themed park at three levels, specifically, core-level, relics
based;transitional level, history and culture based;region level, sound ecology based.
The contradictions between world cultural relic protection and tourism development have always been the Relic protection, tourism Relic
focus by many scholars at home and abroad. The article, based on the thinking of world cultural relic tourism culture Tourism
blooming and the negative influence caused by One Month Free Ticket of Yin Ruins after its successful abiding
for the World Cultural Relic, tries to discuss the concerned supporting roles of sustainable development system
through the authenticity protection system for the cultural relic resources, the regulation system for the relic
tourism market and the sustainable consumption system to motivate the harmonious development of cultural
relic tourism.

This paper examines the tourist perceptions at Danish, Osu-Ghana within the dark tourism or slavery heritage Heritage site, socio- Heritage
contexts. Using Cohen's (1979) typology of tourist experience, we differentiate between tourist knowledge of a demographic indices.
heritage site relative to socio-demographic indices. The results indicate that tourists' perception of Danish-Osu
reflect their knowledge of the site in relation to its cultural heritage attributes. In addition, it was found that
tourists have dual experiences of the site: those that relate to recreational pursuits of heritage sites and those
that ascribe meanings based on their background. The contemporary nature and use of Transatlantic Slave
Trade relics for tourism development makes the case of the Danish-Osu more delicate considering the ethical
implications of interpreting the community's past to tourists as the borderlines are unclear.

Yuanmingyuan is a relic park and only few cultural relics are left due to the looting and burning down in Augmented reality, Culture
history, which makes that most of the scenic spots of the park look boring. To address such issue, a game- Games, Buildings,
based guidance system for Yuanmingyuan and a time travel game called MAGIC-EYES has been proposed History, Cultural
with Augmented Reality technology. Six interactive modes are designed in the proposed system to guide differences, Multimedia
tourists to visit the specified place. The evaluation results of a pilot study shows that the proposed guidance communication
system has significantly improved the tourist experiences.

The West Development in progress draws the attention of the whole world,The vast west area has 2/3 of the Cultural Protection, Heritage
territory of China,1 /4 of Chinese population, as well as a long inland frontier more than 20 000 km, As Heritage, Relics
mentioned in article, there are not only abundant natural resources but rich tourism resources and important
cultural heritages. so that the article points out that the West Development need calm consideration also,
especially the comprehensive research on the safety policy of somprehensive calamity reduction, to accelerate
the develo-pment of cultural, historical and folkolristic tourism resources, and ensure, and ensure the
economic take off.

Neo-relics, constructions borrowing their looks from ancient structures or sites ranging from the mighty Neo-relic, pastness, Relic
Stonehenge to a humble Troy town, have recently been erected in different parts of Finland. In authorized authenticity, materiality, Tourism
heritage discourse, they are often seen as a potential threat. However, we demonstrate here, with a variety of localness
examples from various social contexts, how ordinary people assign meanings and functions to archaeological
heritage through them. We also approach the question of their authenticity by applying Cornelius Holtorf’s
materialistically infused constructivist definition of pastness – a property related to an object’s age-value rather
than its actual age – to find out why personal involvement, localness and stories are important features in
enhancing pastness. Finally, instead of seeing neo-relics as a threat for archaeological heritage and
interpretation, we propose that they be embraced as a novel way for people to experience and interact with the
past.
There are a lot of limitations in the tourism development of cultural relic ruins according to the museum- Museum, Relics, Cultute, Culture
style,and the pattern of museum-style restricts the cultural relic ruins to achieve their own economic val-ue of Tourism
tourism.De-museum style will be a new thought on the tourism development pattern of large-scale cultural
relic ruins.It means to break away from the development and management pattern of the traditional muse-um-
style,and to develop the cultural relic ruins as a comprehensive tourist site with the historical culture at the
core.Meanwhile,it should have the modern tourism function of participatory,experiencing,leisure and mul-ti-
variant profitability.The paper takes Shaanxi Qianling mausoleum as an example to prove the train of thought
and principles of de-museum style,and relevance suggestions are submitted.

The distortion of ethnical culture is getting worse in the development of ethnic tourism.It is neces-sary to build Ethnic culture, Relics, Culture
an evaluation system of the authenticity of ethnic cultural tourism,so as to enhance the manage-ment of Culture
authenticity of ethnic cultural tourism products.But the study on it is quite weak both at home and
abroad.Based on the theory of factor analysis,this paper employs Expert Analytic Method for data collecting
and adopts SPSS for factorial analysis to calculate the factor loading matrix.So the authenticity evaluation
model of ethnic cultural tourism products is hereby set up.The system is composed of 6 aspects,including 28
index: architecture,relics,costume,diet,tool and handicraft,language and horn mouthpiece culture,festival
celebration and custom.The contribution rate of the total accumulative variance is up to 91.566% which is quite
representative of asseseement information of 28 ethnic cultural authenticity indexes.We obtain the com-
prehensive indexes that influence the authenticity of ethnical culture,which are also main factors.According to
quantity relationship between main factors and indexes,we can calculate score points of main factors by
formula.Using the model,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the authenticity of ethnical culture.We
conclude that architecture and relics,costume,language and horn mouthpiece culture,festival celebra-
tion,custom,diet culture,tool and handicraft are the most important factors that influce the authenticity of
ethnical culture;This model can be used for distinguishing major influential factors of the authenticity ethnic
culture tourism products and the degree of influences,We can effectively resolve the contradiction between the
protection and development of ethnic culture.Hence we can get a win-win situation between the protec-tion
and development of ethnic culture.
China was one of the ancient civilized countries in the world,possessing fascinating and unique cultural Relic Park, Cultural Heritage
heritages.However,these cultural heritages are mostly preserved as ancient relic.The relic park pattern could heritage, tourism
re-enact the history,restore the original information of the heritage and disseminate the heritage spirit as well
as make the heritage protection and tourism development compatible and develop harmoniously.The new
industry of tourism is a typical tourist product which satisfies customers' new needs and combines tourism
industry with other industries.The new industry satisfies the increasing versatile needs of the
consumers,surpassing the traditional monotonous sightseeing industry.The principles for activation of the
heritages are as follows: the well-preserved heritage should be under absolute protection and being made best
use for tourism;if the heritage is mostly damaged and partially preserved,it should be protected and restored
and then be used for tourism;if the heritage is destroyed and only the relic are left,it should be given special
stress on protecting and reconstructed typically.If the heritage is totally ruined with only documentary records
left,it should be rebuilt according to the records.With the various heritages occurrence state the original
experience of the heritage is different.For instance,Tang Paradise is a tourist attraction with weak heritage
originality,so it should be designed on the principle of constructing structurally real experience.Site of the
Efang Palace and the Daminggong Palace fall to the tourism attractions with average heritage originality,so
they should be developed on the principles of protectively restoring,using for tourism and creating an
atmosphere of participating and organizing roles on the tourists' part.The palaces are divided into core
area,outer area which is to be managed separately and the core area will be protected specially.

This paper explains the relationship between the development of cultural tourism industry and the protection development of cultural Culture
and utilization of cultural sites, and the significance of the two to the high-quality development of the region. tourism industry,
This paper analyzes the existing problems such as the reduction of the number of tourists and the limited protection and utilization
reception. Aiming at the coordinated development of cultural tourism industry and the protection and of cultural relics
utilization of cultural sites, this paper puts forward some important suggestions and development
countermeasures, such as promoting the organic integration of regional cultural sites and tourism, constructing
the site characteristic cultural space, promoting the construction of information and emergency management
system, and creating characteristic cultural tourism products.

Based upon summarizing the Hangu Pass sites, resource types and the value assessment of the Hangu Pass, the Pass Protection and Relic
paper discusses the sites facing conflicts between protection of cultural relics and tourism development. Tourism, Relics Tourism
Finally, the paper proposes Win-Win Strategy of Hangu Pass Protection and Tourism from five parts of
network resources integration, division protection, utilization by site park, co-building infrastructure and
distinct management and protective system. The authors hoped to positively explore how to give consideration
to protection and tourism development for Hangu Pass sites, and find a win-win way that the sites sustainable
development is coordinated with tourism.
Culture industry is now a significant local economic force of many urban areas, due primarily to the effects of Culture industryindustrial Culture
new local institutional dynamics and the revaluing of local space as a culture and tourism commodity. In turn, restructuringlocal
this should be linked to high-quality space-governing institutions and the “local mobilization” strategies that institutional systemlocal
are related to higher levels of local economic efficiency. In this paper, the city of Kinmen will be examined. It mobilization
has transformed the local culture industries (especially the historical and war heritages) into the key economic
and identity-revival power relying on appropriate local institutional structures.

Cultural relics represent national or even global resources of inestimable value. How to efficiently manage and Smart city; cultural relics; Culture
preserve these cultural relics is a vitally important issue. To achieve this goal, this study proposed, designed, Internet of Things (IoT);
and implemented an RFID and Sensor Web–enabled smart cultural relics management system (SCRMS). In this museum; RFID; Sensor
system, active photovoltaic subtle energy-powered Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is used for long- Web; multiple sensing;
range contactless identification and lifecycle management of cultural relics during their storage and circulation. smart monitoring
In addition, different types of ambient sensors are integrated with the RFID tags and deployed around cultural
relics to monitor their environmental parameters, helping to ensure that they remain in good condition. An
Android-based smart mobile application, as middleware, is used in collaboration with RFID readers to collect
information and provide convenient management for the circulation of cultural relics. Moreover, multiple
sensing techniques are taken advantage of simultaneously for preservation of cultural relics. The proposed
system was successfully applied to a museum in the Yongding District, Fujian Province, China, demonstrating
its feasibility and advantages for smart and efficient management and preservation of cultural relics.

Based on the cultural relic buildings fire characteristics and fire safety management parameters, put forward cultural relic Heritage
five aspects of ZigBee perception factors of the cultural relic buildings, including the fire hazards, evacuation buildingsZigBee
characteristics, fire safety facilities, firefighting and rescue condition and the fire safety management. Setting up technologyfire prevention
cultural relic buildings fire ZigBee system could allow the fire departments and cultural relic units eliminating assessmentfire hazardsfire
fire hazards in the first place and assessing the fire risk of cultural relic buildings instantly. It could also patrol
simplify the self-checking of fire prevention inspections of fire departments and cultural relic units, greatly
improve the work efficiency and fire safety level, simplify the process of fire safety management and reduce
the fire risk, which brings high economic benefit and social benefit.
Since the establishment of treaty ports in the mid-19th century, the urban development of many Chinese cities, Cultural Relics Protection Relic
and notably of Shanghai, has been heavily influenced by global economic flows and global urban and System (CRPS) Tourism
architectural practices. In Shanghai, extensive lilong neighbourhoods stand as remnants of the treaty port era. Bugaoli (Cité Bourgogne)
Many of these historic districts are in close proximity to rapidly transforming areas of the city, creating civic Legislative time
tension around demolition, conservation and the redevelopment of colonial heritage. Examining the listed Economic time
Bugaoli community in Shanghai’s old French Concession, the heritage strategies applied under the particular Citizen time
Cultural Relics Protection System (CRPS), and the discourse of local residents interviewed in the context of this Temporalities
project, this paper reveals the paradoxes around urban heritage conservation and urban development by Shanghai
considering three different temporalities: legislative time, economic time and citizen time. The paper argues Urban heritage
that actors involved in heritage practices should consider both space and time related issues in urban heritage conservation
conservation. Historic communities such as Bugaoli experience conflicts between conservation and the
demands of everyday life. They underline and require a heritage strategy that acknowledges diverse
temporalities and balances legal norms, economic interests and the public’s demands.

E'mei Mountain is now facing problems such as sharp increase of tourists, contradiction between life of culture relics, Culture
indigenous people and conservation of culture relics, environmental protection, etc. E'mei Mountain planning environmental protection,
sticks to the principle of preserving its originality and integrity, preventing exotic factors from imperiling the
relics, removing artificial constructions that harm the relic features, inheriting the historical context, etc.

IN AUGUST 2013 THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT launched its largest search for the ships, relics, and Historical and cultural Heritage
records of the John Franklin expedition, which disappeared with all 129 hands lost searching for the Northwest relics, tourism activities
Passage in 1845. Canada's latest search was its fifth in six years, one of dozens of search expeditions launched
since 1848, in a well-known story of imperial hubris elevated to an international cause célèbre. Recent work in
nineteenth-century literary and visual culture has shown the significant role that Franklin played in the
Victorian popular imagination of the Arctic (see Spufford, Potter, David, Hill, Cavell, Williams, Savours,
MacLaren). In panoramas, stereographs, paintings, plays, music, lantern shows, exhibitions, and popular and
elite printed texts, record numbers of Britons could enjoy at their leisure the Arctic sublime in which Franklin's
men perished. Alongside this work on how Europeans represented Arctic peoples and places, we also have a
growing body of Inuit oral histories describing their encounters with nineteenth-century Arctic explorers.
Drawing on these traditional histories of British exploration, visual culture, and literary imagination, and on
postcolonial, anthropological and indigenous accounts that shift our attention away from the Eurocentrism of
exploration historiography, and toward the “hidden histories of exploration,” this essay uncovers an
unexamined material dimension of these encounters – the “Franklin Relics” collected by voyagers searching for
Franklin.
Tourism resources of historical and cultural relics can make tourists sense the evolution of history, which is an Balhae in Tang Dynasty, Heritage
important characteristic of tourism resource in China. It is also the cornerstone of the tourism industry Historical and Cultural
development in China. Dunhua City is represented by the Six Mountain Ancient Tomb Group, which has relics, Tourism
distinctive tourism resources of historical and cultural relics in the Bohai in Tang Dynasty. However, in the Development, Six
process of its development, the problems of insufficient propaganda, weakening of industrial chain and lack of Mountain Ancient Tomb
tourism attraction have not been effectively solved. In view of these problems, this work made a systematic
analysis of the tourism development on historical and cultural relics of Bohai in Dunhua City by means of the
SWOT analysis method.

There are four types of weathering in Zhongxian stone cultural relics: fractural weathering,shaly-flaky Cultural relics, promotion Culture
weathering, flocculent-powdered weathering and loose-swelling weathering. Among these types,the
flocculent-powdered weathering is the most serious threat to the cultural relics.The main factors controlling
weathering are: rock property and rock-mass structure,climate and atmospheric condition,as well as artificial
pollution. Simple in-site strength tests indicate that the strength of the weathered rock materials of cultural
relics is obviously lowered. Some suggestions for the portection of these three cultural relic sites before storing
water in the the-Gorge Reservoir are put forward in this paper.

The aim of this paper is to present the possibilities of using cultural heritage sites in nature-rich rural areas and relicts of Frederician Heritage
woodlands as tourist attractions. The analysis covers cultural heritage and natural sites present in the upper colonisation, tourist
Liswarta River catchment. From 1740 to 1806 a settlement campaign was underway in the very sparsely attractions, nature-rich
populated forest areas in the upper catchment of the Liswarta River. This was supported by the Prussian state rural areas,
and was later dubbed the Frederician colonisation. Frederician colonies were established in wooded areas with woodlands, Oder River
poor soils. They weremost commonly colonies of woodcutters and pitch burners as well as industrial colonies basin, southern Poland
with forges and smithies. In the catchment of the Upper Liswarta River, traces of past industrialisation can still
be discerned – relics of ancient mill races and channels supplying water to numerous smithies as well as levees
and old pond basins. The landscape in the area studied still features hydro-engineering structures that were
used to lower the water level in the Jezioro lake. The landscape of settlements and villages that were founded
as forest colonies is also a relic of the Frederician colonisation in the area. The presentation of local nature and
culture as interwoven throughout history opens as yet untapped opportunities for developing new forms of
tourism in many rural and woodland areas.

Dark tourism has been a hotspot tourism research field esp.in Northern America in recent years.Wenchuan cultural Tourism, relics Relic
earthquake almost destroyed all the tourism resources in Sichuan province and left many disaster relics.Based Protection, Dark tourism Tourism
on the theory of dark tourism and traveling motivation,this paper analyzes the necessity for the open-up of
earthquake relics,proposes the concept of Wenchuan earthquake relic circular tour and designes the relevant
resource collocation,hoping to be helpful to the tourism exploitation in disaster areas and the redevelopment of
Sichuan tourism industry.
The 3S - technology, namely RS, GPS and GIS, is a high technology in the information age. In this paper, 3S - 3S - technology, cultural Relic
technology and its current developments are recommended systematically, and adaptability of its application relics Tourism
in the field of protection of cultural relics is analyzed. The practical process and superiorities of this technology
are illustrated by some engineering examples, and good prospect of application are predicted.

Three Gorgies water-control project which commands the attention of the world, achieved its retaining works, Historical and cultural Relic
its achievement will bring us immense economical benefits. At the same time, as raising of the water table, the relics, tourism activities Tourism
cultural relics and historic sites of this region would be flooded permanently as a part or a whole. For
investigating and developing the works of cultural preservation, and improving the methods of cultural relics
supervision, based on analysis of the system object, adaptability of its application in the field of protection of
cultural relics is analyzed, this paper attempts to argue how to achieve the informational system for the
historical relic protection of Three Gorgies reservior region, which is based on the technology of RS and GIS.

This article examines the Confederate Memorial Literary Society (CMLS), an organization of elite white women Civil War, Lost Cause, Heritage
in Richmond, Virginia who founded the Confederate Museum in the 1890s. Faced with the plunder of Civil Confederate Women,
War relics and cultural homogenization on northern terms, the CMLS founded the Confederate Museum to Richmond, Libby Prison,
document and defend the Confederate cause and to uphold the antebellum mores that the New South's New South
business ethos threatened to erode. In the end, however, the museum's version of the Lost Cause served the
New South. By focusing on military sacrifice, the Confederate Museum aided the process of sectional
reconciliation. By depicting slavery as benevolent, the museum's exhibits reinforced the notion that Jim Crow
was a just and effective means of managing postwar southern society. Lastly, by glorifying the common soldier
and portraying the South as “solid,” the museum promoted obedience to the mandates of industrial capitalism.
Thus, the Confederate Museum both critiqued and eased the economic transformations of the New South.
Based on the statistical data of inbound tourism from 1990 to 2008 in China,the shift-share method is used to Historical and cultural Culture
show the spatial pattern of inbound tourism competition and evolution in this paper.The results are as relics, tourism activities,
follows:1) Volume of total shift is significant growth,not only inter-belt but also intra-belt increases greatly.2) Inbound tourism
Volume of inter-belt shift is far larger than intra-belt,it means that the competition intensity of inter-belt is far
larger than intra-belt.Namely,it is competition among tourism belts;it is cooperation inside tourism belt.3)
Based on analysis of inter-belt shift,the inter-belt shift is divided into growth type and latent decline
type.Growth type includes stronger growth type,continuous growth type and fluctuation growth type.Wu-yue
Culture and Water Town in Southern Yangtze River tourism belt belongs to stronger growth type,White
Mountain Black Water Northland scene tourism belt is continuous growth type,Chinese Civilization Search for
Ancient Relics tourism belt and Silk Road Pursuit Journey Ethnic Groups Customs tourism belt are fluctuation
growth type.Latent decline type includes latent strong decline type and latent gentle decline type.Lingnan
Culture Subtropics-Tropics tourism belt and Peking Ancient-Modern scene tourism belt belong to latent strong
decline type,Southwest China Strange Mountain Beautiful Water Ethnic Groups Customs tourism belt,Jin-Chu
Culture Lake Mountain scene tourism belt and the Roof of the World Hunt Strange Exploration tourism belt
belong to latent gentle decline type.4) Volume of shift is different greatly among tourism provinces.For
example,Zhejiang and Jiangsu are bigger positive shift,it means that these tourism provinces have stronger
competitive capacity;but Guangdong and Peking are greater negative shift,that is to say,competitive capacity of
these tourism provinces are on the decline.

This article focuses on the Cultural Relic Appreciation and Cultural Tourism majors in higher professional Cultural Relic Culture
school ,and based on the training characteristics of advanced professional education ,tries to find out the Appreciation and Cultural
practical teaching system of this specialty .in order to cultivate the students' professional qualification and Tourism
skills, this set of practical teaching system divides the whole practice into three steps:come to know practice, do
practice at the post and work at the practice post.
The contradiction between economic development and cultural heritage conservation is common everywhere. Cultural Relics, Tourism, Culture
On the one hand, tourism can not be developed at the cost of destroying rare cultural relics while on the other , Heritage
we shouldn't stop developing tourism for the sake of cultural heritage conservation.Here we reiterated the
"China Policy", which is the requirement for fulfilling human culture succession and sustainable development.
In grotto culture protection, some problems have been solved, such as the harm of crowded people to fresco
and painted sculpture, wind and sand erosion, etc. But there are many other social and natural environmental
problems, one of which is the erosion of flood to the base of grotto. Ancient city sites are helpful for paleo-
environmental reconstruction. The abundant information from archeological excavation, together with natural
environmental change and culture spreading, might contribute to a new way to explain and demonstrate
ancient cultures. Explaining the enigmas of many ancient city sites also need to start with virtual paleo-
environment. The reconstruction of old buildings should follow the principle of "repair as their origins".
Besides, adapting the old buildings to modern environmental and ecological functions should also be
considered. New technology and material can be used in some cases. There are several successful examples of
applications of remote sensing monitoring to archeological excavation and cultural heritage conservation. We
suggested that grid technology used in the field of archeology should be further popularized. And multi-level
grid management information systems should be built up to improve cultural heritage conservation and
development.

economic development and cultural heritage conservation is common everywhere. On the Cultural heritage, Relics of Culture
one hand, tourism can not be developed at the cost of destroying rare cultural relics while on socialism,
the other , we shouldn't stop developing tourism for the sake of cultural heritage conservation.

large relic is a kind of rarely un-reproducible cultural resources.Under the repid urbanization,the large relics Relic, Cultural, Heritage Relic
which located in the village hinterland avoid the influences of the high strength urban construction.Whereas Tourism
one coin has two sides,closed and less developed regional circumstance made the large village relics must face
many challenges such as the deficient archaeological work,the obsolete notion of revelation and the
behindhand administrative system.We took the Yong City relic for example,based on the deep analyses of the
protective actuality and destroyed factors,pointed out its problem and countermeasure combined with the
practical condition and countryside's environment and resource characteristics,hoping to help to the large
village relic protection.

Historical-cultural relics are an important part of the cultural heritage system;besides, it is also a valuable historical-cultural relics; Heritage
resource to boost tourism development. The exploitation of Historical-cultural relics to develop tourism not tourism development;
only brings socio-economic benefits, but also contributes to preserving and promoting the value of historical cultural heritage; economy
sites. In this study, Historical-cultural relics monuments of Ly Son island district has been identified in terms of society; Ly Son island
quantity, quality and favorable level of exploitation for tourism development purposes by a system of district.
indicators. Additionally, the result analysed the current situation, thereby, suggested some solutions to exploit
Historical-cultural relics for the tourism development in Ly Son island district in a more rational and
sustainable manner.
Efficiency is one of the most important problems that are facing our management of World Natural Heritage. Relic Tourism, Heritage, Heritage
The United States is one of the most successful countries in this aspect. We use comparative methods to reveal Cultural tourism
differences between management systems and methods of management of World Natural Heritage in China
and the United States, and summarize lessons learned from management of World Natural Heritage in the
United States for the benefit of improving our management and maintaining a sustainable develop-ment of our
tourism resources.

Combined with literature data of Shang and Zhou Dynasties site on Zhegao river basin,we analysis on the sites Relics, Tourism, cultural Culture
about form elements,plane characteristics and micro-landform by field investigation,high resolution remote- tourism
sensing data,vertical profile data and carbon dating analysis.And we concluded the reasons which lead to the
form elements that can be analyzed form shape,location,size,micro-landform,internal structure,soil
characteristics to relations with ancient river.

The paper analyzes and assesses the advantages of tourism development resources in neighboring Tuyen Quang, Binh Heritage
provinces near major cities such as Tuyen Quang province (near Hanoi) and Binh Phuoc province (near Phuoc, Vietnam,
Ho Chi Minh City). The geographical location and natural and cultural tourism resources are favorable sustainable development,
for the development of ecotourism and cultural tourism. Moreover, the article also analyzes and tourism industry
assesses the situation of tourism development in Tuyen Quang and Binh Phuoc provinces, the impact
of tourism activities on socio-economic environment: Local communities have participated in many
travel activities. The tourism development creates jobs, generates income, contributes to community
development, and protects environmental resources for sustainable development. However, tourism in
the two provinces of Tuyen Quang and Binh Phuoc here lacks proper scientific planning and has not
been effectively invested. So, the socio-economic efficiency is low. The quality of tourism resources of
the two provinces is still slowly improving. Finally, the paper proposes to develop solutions on
mechanisms, policies, management, development planning, investment cooperation and diversification
to improve product quality, protection and restoration of environmental resources, promoting
sustainable tourism development, distributing benefits from tourism. The paper also makes some
recommendations to tourism management agencies, local authorities, tourists, as well as local people
directly involved in tourism activities in Binh Phuoc and Tuyen Quang provinces

There are many exploitation ways of cultural relics and historic sites resources in Cultural Relics, Heritage. Culture
practice.However,comparatively speaking,two specific modes,such as "one step to the position" and "step by Tourism
step",are widely used and more influential.Generally speaking,"one step to the position" development mode is
much better for the protection and effective exploitation of the cultural relics and historic sites;while it is wise
to adopt the "step by step" exploitation mode for the scenic spots which can not make a full development and
protection of the whole cultural relics and historic sites because of shortage of funds and techniques.

There are many exploitation ways of cultural relics and historic sites resources in practice. Cultural Relics, Relic
However, comparatively speaking, two specific modes, such as" one step to the position" geographical tourism Tourism
and" step by step", are widely used and more influential.
Intangible cultural heritage as a high le-vel tourism resource has not been paid enough attention by travel Heritage tourism, cultural Heritage
agencies through the research of five cities' tour routes of Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Foshan,Dongguan and relics
Zhongshan.This paper meets the needs of improve domestic tour routes by recommending Intangible cultural
heritage as part of those,aiming to deal with lack of innovation and culture which most tour routes have
problem with,and further promoting the development of the Intangible Cultural Heritage at the same time.

This paper explores the ability of remote sensing techniques to monitor immovable cultural relics on multiple cultural heritage; remote Culture
scales. The Shunji Bridge, a destroyed cultural relic, located in the Jinjiang River Basin, Fujian Province, China, sensing; dynamic
was studied in terms of the environmental factors at the macroscale and the protected cultural site at the monitoring;
microscale. At the macroscale, moderate spatial resolution images of the Jinjiang River Basin were processed in environmental factors
the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform to extract environmental factors, such as land cover and vegetation
cover. At the microscale, Google Earth time series images were used to extract attribute information to reflect
the spatial and temporal changes in the Shunji Bridge before, during and after its destruction. Quantitative
assessment of the Shunji Bridge was performed to assess the degree of the impacts that different factors had on
the immovable cultural relic. Spatial analysis methods were applied to trace back to the source of the bridge
destruction and to track the situation after the bridge was destroyed. The causes of the destruction of the
bridge are revealed at both the macro- and microscales. This study provides technical support for the natural
disaster risk assessment of immovable cultural relics. The findings of this research can provide suggestions for
the protection of immovable cultural relics

Historical and cultural heritage sites are one of the most popular tourist attractions in Sri Lanka which Branding, Heritage, Relic Heritage
contributes to the highest percentage of national income. However, this income is mainly accreted through
direct exploitation of the money of tourists, rather through promotion of the historical and cultural value of
these sites. This survey is based on the Temple of the Tooth Relic in Kandy. The objective of this survey is to
identify the means of exploitation that is happening due to malfunctioning of the management systems of this
heritage site, to examine the available strategies that can be adopted to reduce the direct exploitation and
substitute the direct exploitation through the promotion of historical and cultural values to accomplish
strategic and subtle augmentation of income. The primary data for this survey was on the average expenses of
a tourist when visiting Temple of the Tooth Relic (including the entrance fee, fees for the bag counter, for
museum, flowers and souvenirs etc.) was collected through a non-participant observation. Then the primary
data were analyzed using the factor analysis method. When the primary data was analyzed it was identified
that this site lacks a clear marketing strategy. The management system is primarily running on money-minded
intentions rather than on promoting historical and cultural heritage value of the Temple of the Tooth Relic
which instigates negative impressions in the tourists. Therefore, through this survey it has arrived at the
recommendation that the historical and cultural value of this place should be properly ‘branded’ first,
marketing the historical, cultural, archaeological and religious values with a careful marketing strategy and
operational planning.
Natural and cultural heritage is a special kind of natural resources,Its property rights include ownership,use Natural Heritage, Cultural Heritage
right and transfer right.At present,China's natural and cultural heritage has the characteristics of highly Tourism, Relics
concentrated ownership structure,the characteristics of defects,may lead to ambiguous responsibility of
management failure.In the process of historical change,our natural and cultural heritage resources property
right system can be divided into two stages of public goods and quasi-public product.The preceding stage
including the feudal society to the until the reform and opening up,the second was the reform and opening up

Against the background of lingering controversy over the use of Transatlantic Slave Trade (TAST) relics for Heritage Heritage
tourism ends, this paper sought to examine residents' perceptions towards proposed promotion of heritage tourismTransatlantic
tourism based on TAST relics in Danish-Osu, a former slave site in Accra, capital of Ghana. A combination of Slave
both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed during the fieldwork towards the end of Tradeperceptionsresidents
2007. A questionnaire survey captured 200 household heads in six communities while interviews and focus tourist
group discussions were conducted with other key stakeholders in the Danish-Osu community. Frequencies attractionsresources
and percentages were used to demonstrate residents' lay concepts of tourism, whereas the mean, t-test and
one-way ANOVA were used to measure residents' attitude towards heritage tourism. A major finding of the
study is that residents' perceive tourism from a cultural perspective because of the numerous TAST resources
in the community. However, residents' support for heritage tourism is influenced by place of residence. This
suggested that irrespective of the place of residence, residents of Danish-Osu were found to be supportive of
heritage products and activities. Implications were discussed in the context of how residents' perceptions will
affect preservation efforts at various stages of tourism planning.

Commercial tourism development is importnant. This chapter suggests that the process of commercial Cultural Relics, Tourism Relic
and cultural integration associated with tourism … He did not appreciate that the efforts of the Tourism
wenwuchu to protect cultural relics were often undermined by the tourism industry.

Although it is revealed in this paper that cultural relics have no significant impact on tourist Cultural Relics, Tourism Relic
satisfaction, it is unwise to leave the historical and cultural relics in Mount Wuyi unattended. Tourism
It can be show that little attention is paid to the exploration and propagation of historical

Vo Nhai is one of the northern mountainous districts of Thai Nguyen province (Vietnam). The district has a lot Vo Nhai, Tourism, Heritage
of potential for tourism development, especially archaeological sites of prehistoric and prehistoric periods such Archeology, Than Sa, Oc
as sites in Than Sa, Hang Oc. The exploitation of archaeological relics in tourism development in Vo Nhai Cave
district not only brings socio-economic benefits but also contributes to preserving and promoting the value of
the relics. However, at present, the current situation of tourism development at the archaeological sites of Vo
Nhai district is not commensurate with the potential. Therefore, the article will analyze the potential and
propose some solutions to promote the value of archaeological relics in tourism, contributing to the economic
promotion of a mountainous district still facing many difficulties in Thai Nguyen province (Vietnam)
Relics can encourage a nation to develop and can be used to educate its people. College students are the main Relics, protection, China Culture
strength, which we can depend on to protect the relics. Therefore, it is necessary to educate college students to
protect the relics. In order to do it, we can combine the historical teaching, social practice and the construction
of campus culture together.

There are many parallels between holy-day and holiday journeys to places of renewal and in the rituals of postcards, sacred and Culture
sacred and secular ‘pilgrims’ in those spaces. These include the purchase of souvenirs. This paper considers the secular pilgrimage, relics,
unique qualities of a specific tourist souvenir – the picture postcard. It compares and contrasts the behaviours souvenirs, gifting
and the agencies of this ‘travelling landscape-object’ (della Dora, V. 2007. “Putting the World into a Box: A
Geography of Nineteenth Century Travelling Landscapes.” Geografiska Annaler 89B, 4: 287–306) with those of
the sacred relic, focusing on the ways in which it disseminates materialised experience, marking presences and
absences, and creating and strengthening interpersonal relationships. The paper ends by describing the ways
in which these remnants authenticate the journey, whether sacred or secular, and asks if, for our times of
retreat and recreation to be meaningful, we must validate them to ourselves and to others.

Nowadays, culture has been a major driver of tourism. Cultural tourism is another form of tourism by China – Xi’an; Cultural Culture
involving cultural elements. Some people traveled specifically to gain a deeper understanding of the culture or tourism; Cultural tourism
heritage of a destination. In order to satisfy tourists’ cultural needs and wants, cultural tourism products products; Heritage
typically attracts consumers by the cultural attributes. A cultural attest is not a cultural tourism product unless tourism; Souvenirs
it transforms itself into products that could be consumed by tourists. The market value of cultural tourism can (Keepsakes); Tourism in
be realized by cultural tourism products. This paper is to explore the development and evaluation of cultural Xi’an
tourism products. By studying a case of Xi’an in China, the paper explores how cultural tourism products work
in a real world. The evaluation system examines the quality of cultural tourism products provided by the Xi’an
city. The experience of developing such products can be learned through the case study.
The digital documentation of cultural relics plays an important role in archiving, protection, and management. cultural heritage; point Heritage
In the field of cultural heritage, three-dimensional (3D) point cloud data is effective at expressing complex cloud; 3D model;
geometric structures and geometric details on the surface of cultural relics, but lacks semantic information. To information modeling;
elaborate the geometric information of cultural relics and add meaningful semantic information, we propose a complex geometry
modeling and processing method of smart point clouds of cultural relics with complex geometries. An
information modeling framework for complex geometric cultural relics was designed based on the concept of
smart point clouds, in which 3D point cloud data are organized through the time dimension and different
spatial scales indicating different geometric details. The proposed model allows smart point clouds or a subset
to be linked with semantic information or related documents. As such, this novel information modeling
framework can be used to describe rich semantic information and high-level details of geometry. The proposed
information model not only expresses the complex geometric structure of the cultural relics and the geometric
details on the surface, but also has rich semantic information, and can even be associated with documents. A
case study of the Dazu Thousand-Hand Bodhisattva Statue, which is characterized by a variety of complex
geometries, reveals that our proposed framework is capable of modeling and processing the statue with
excellent applicability and expansibility. This work provides insights into the sustainable development of
cultural heritage protection globally.

This paper examines the value of rituals and festivals intangible culture heritage to tourism planning,takes Relics, Cultural Heritage, Heritage
many folklore culture resources planning and intangible culture heritage management at home and abroad for Tourism
reference,and then considers tourism development will promote the safeguarding of intangible culture
heritage.The interaction between heritage safeguarding and tourism development are proposed taking Piaose
of Shawan for example to make a sound cycle framework,which its important core lies in the community
identities and transmitters.

As a crossscienceart subject, the main content of the science of conservation of cultural relics discussed here Cultural Relics, Tourism, Heritage
includes studies on preservation and restoration technology of cultural relics and on the properties of the Heritage
related materials, Emphasis has been put on the methodology of the science of conservation of cultural relics.
Proper and efficient way of preservation and sutable remedy to the case can be developed only by studying at
first the preserving environment and properties of materials of cultural relics, as well as pathological changes
of the cultural relics, while the cultural relics had been preserved. Also discussed is the important role that the
research on environment plays in the preservation of cultural relics. The relationship among the environment,
material, restoration technology and basic principles supposed to be obeyed in preserving culture relics are as
well briefly discussed.
Cultural relic resources are precious non-renewable resources and an important Cultural Relics, Tourism, Heritage
cornerstone for the development of cultural relic tourism. With the rapid development of tourism Heritage
industry, the native environment of cultural relics is being squeezed constantly. Meanwhile,
under the economic interests, cultural relic’s protection and heritage tourism contradictions
continue to intensify. The present era which the architectural style is convergence, cultural
relics protection is simplistic, restore historical sites blindly and other. In the historical process of
economic development and the acceleration of new-type urbanization, the heritage industry
faces the dual tasks and development challenges. As cultural relic protection workers,
investigation of the utilization of cultural relic’s tourist attractions, investigation and analysis of
the Yungang Grottoes, indicating cultural relics as a tourist attraction, not only to strengthen the
protection of ontology, also should attach importance to the coordinated development of the
protection of cultural relics and the utilization of tourism

The cultural meme is the smallest unit constituting a dynasty′s culture, which has the same inheritance and cultural meme; dynasty′s Culture
variability as biological genes. Here, based on the name of cultural relics, we extract cultural memes through culture; big data; social
semantic word segmentation, word frequency statistics, and the synonym merging method, and construct network analysis; word
dynasty cultural meme vectors. We analyzed color, auxiliary, texture, shape, and overall networks of five types frequency analysis
of model to construct the culture network, using the social network analysis method, and explored the
clustering and degrees of centrality characteristics of cultural memes. We then analyzed the similarities and
differences among cultures of the dynasties. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Cultural memes represent
different cultural characteristics of dynasties, and the inheritance and differences among dynasties’ cultures are
closely related to their historical background. (2) Prevalence memes construct the cultural label of dynasties,
which can roughly restore the cultural appearance of dynasties through fewer prevalence memes. (3) The use
of community detection with a cultural meme network can determine the clustering of dynasties′ cultures, and
the degree of centrality further reflects the main cultural characteristics presented by successive dynasties

With the rising growth of morden urban tourism,the role and position of relic and museum tourism become Cultural tourism, Relics, Heritage
more and more distinct in this proccese.In fact,it is becoming an important carrier for displaying the city's Cultural heritage
unique history and culture and promoting its cultural tourism attraction.But the exploitation of relic and
museum tourist resources is not satisfying.On the base of WU Bi-hu's framework of RMP for regional
tourism,this paper adds regional tourist environment and puts forward the ERMP framework.According to
this,the paper analyses environment,resources,market and product of relic and museum tourist resources in
Guilin city and puts forward six kinds of relic and museum tourist thematic product.
Evaluation of tourism resources of national culture requires effective development of ethnic cultural tourism Cultural tourism, Relics, Heritage
resources and identification of the development of the main body as well as provision of a scientific basis for Cultural heritage
decision-making. At the present,commonly used practice of tourism development methods in our country are
qualitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation.In most cases, those methods are only applicable for the
natural tourism resources, but that is not a perfect assessment method for ethnic cultural tourism resources.
Based on the results of previous studies, this article attempts to use a new method on tourism resources
evaluation of Kazakh ethnic cultural resources, whereby mainly adopts qualitative index and quantitative
index from the fuzzy evaluation method. The method of qualitative evaluation is often based on the expert’s
wealthy experience and knowledge, and their results are always partial to decision-making demand of the
expert. Therefore,their evaluation results belong to the kind of subjective evaluation. Quantitative evaluation
method is trying to make the resources assessment more objective and accurate, but the evaluation of the
impact of the subjective factors is unavoidable.To reduce the influence of human factor for the evaluation, the
result has to suit achievable measures, which adjust measures to be objective, and to be accurate evaluation. A
fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is a kind of fuzzy reasoning based on the combination of qualitative
and quantitative, exact and inexact unified evaluation method. This kind of method in cultural tourism
resources evaluation has good theoretical guidance and practical operation.

The cultural relic buildings are both valuable cultural heritage left by ancestor and mark of the cultural historic buildingfire safety Heritage
development during that time. On the basis of the research and analysis of the present situation and existing managementprevention
problems about fire safety management of the historic buildings in China, corresponding prevention and and control strategies
control strategies were provided.

Cultural relic is of great significance in that it reflects the history of mankind, and specifically, the development Cultural Relics, Heritage.
of a nationality, a city, or a country. The name of Longshan culture comes from where it is discovered - Tourism
Longshan town, which has a number of cultural relics such as Chengziya, West River, Dongping Tomb, Tombs
of Han Dynasty, Hanxin Bridge, Taiping Temple etc. We shall take planning measures such as greenery barrier
and separate zone control to protect the relics.

By taking the example of Pinghu Mo's Manor,this paper analyzes the price increase of the tickets for tourism Tourism, Cultural Relics, Culture
scenic spots in cultural relics protection units based on the public goods theory.It points out that as a special Heritage
public resources,the scenic spots in cultural relics conservation units have the properties of quasi-public
goods.Different from ordinary goods,the ticket prices for the scenic spots within cultural relics protection units
are characterized with public welfare,regulatory feature and non-cost characteristic.It puts forward some
suggestions for the reform of the ticket price management in such scenic areas,such as reforming the existing
system,paying more attention to and increase support of the cultural relics conservation efforts,perfecting the
price hearing system,and strengthening legislation and social supervision.
This brief research note describes the current situation regarding religiously based heritage tourism and Georgia, Caucasus, Heritage
pilgrimage in Georgia. Heritage in Georgia is almost synonymous with religious heritage. Few countries in the religious tourism,
world possess such an intensity of built religious patrimony in a small territory as the foundations of their churches, heritage
heritage tourism sector as Georgia does. Georgia is already an increasingly popular destination, but owing to tourism, pilgrimage
its important religious history, the multitude of ancient churches and holy relics at home there, and the
inseparable mix of religious and natural heritagescapes, the country has the potential to develop further in
three areas of heritage tourism: domestic pilgrimage; international pilgrimage among Orthodox Christians
from Eastern Europe and countries of the former USSR; and non-religious cultural tourists from all over the
world.

The museum exhibits of cultural relics in China focus mainly on the definite objects with simple content and Cultural Relics, Torism, Relic
display form,which limits their social functions.The principle of museum exhibits of cultural relics is to Cultural Tourism
communicate with spectators about the historical connotation of the antiques.The point of cultural relics'
display is to show and illustrate the historical message carried out by them.The problems such as nature of
relics,the relations between market economy and the audience demands,how museums play a social function
and so on,should be well considered in the cultural relics.Notes and exhibits' background and display exhibits
should comprehensively illustrate the development of civilization.The contents and forms of exhibits have to
be more vivid and diversified which may involve dynamic exhibit with spectators' participations.When come
to the measurement of level of hardness of the knowledge explanation,we should not only focus on the
propagation of basic knowledge,but also play emphasis on academic one in order to meet the demand of the
people with different knowledge backgrounds

Industrial Heritage consists of material industrial heritage and intangible industrial heritage.At present,China's Cultural Relics, Torism, Relic
industrial heritage protection and utilization has always been oriented by material industrial heritage,while the Cultural, Industry Tourism
protective effects and its consciousness of intangible industrial heritage are not optimistic.The thesis defines the heritage
scope of the intangible industrial heritage and analyzes the status quo of China's intangible industrial heritage
from the viewpoint of intangible cultural heritage,so that the countermeasures and suggestions are further
discussed in China's intangible industrial heritage protection and tourism development,and hoping to improve
the integrity and comprehensiveness of the industrial heritage protection and utilization of China.

The industry heritage tourism development can not only protect the urban industry heritage effectively,but Cultural Relics, Torism, Relic
also can increasingly enhance the development level of urban tourism.As the important industrial city of the Cultural, Industry Tourism
northeast old industrial base,the industry heritage tourism development of Dalian has many special heritage
advantages.On the basis of the investigation into the formation of Dalian industrial heritage history the thesis
is going to explore the dynamisms of Dalian Heritage Tourism Development and to propose the corresponding
strategies and ideas in order to stimulate the vitality of Dalian Industrial Heritage Tourism Development.
Preservation of cultural relics is always important in Xi'an.In 1950's,Xi'an is one of the four cities which had Cultural Relics, Torism, Heritage
urban planning in China.In this planning,a large area of relics in the Northern city had gotten to be Cultural, Industry
protected.In 1980's,Xi'an is one of the first cities which is put forward the protection of the historical cultural heritage, Preservation
cities in China.And in the 1990's,Xi'an had made the protection planning of the historical and natural
landscapes and prevented the construction land from expanding to the nature preserve.All the above perform
an important function in the observation of the characteristics of Xi'an and offer abroad developing place to the
tourism of Xi'an.

On the analysis of the Three Gorges Project reservoir area characteristics and effectiveness of the work of Cultural Relic, Tourism, Culture
cultural relic persevation, the article sums up the Three Gorges Reservoir area of cultural relic persevation in Management
the major practices and experiences, that is, the attention of the government's including the scientific pre-
planning, management according to law, the mind opening-up, constant innovation, advocacy guidance and
participation of all the people, the implementation of conservation policies, and more scientific and
technological content. The article brings about a good follow-up to the Three Gorges reservoir area of cultural
relic persevation: to combinate the conservation, development and utilization closely to give full play to the
cultural relic persevation, archeology, education, tourism, development of comprehensive benefits to achieve
the cultural relic preservation and the local economy sustainable development.

To help designers to better carry out creative design and improve the ability of searching traditional cultural Cultural Relics, Tourism Culture
relic information, the ontology-based knowledge map construction method was explored and an integrated
platform for cultural relic knowledge map was developed. First of all, the construction method of the ontology
of cultural relics was put forward, and the construction of the knowledge map of cultural relics was completed
based on the constructed cultural relic otology. Then, a personalized semantic retrieval framework for creative
design was proposed. Finally, the integrated platform of the knowledge map of cultural relics was designed
and realized. The platform was divided into two parts. One was the foreground display system, which was
used for designers to search and browse cultural relics. The other was the background management system,
which was for cultural experts to manage cultural relics’ knowledge. The research results showed that the
platform designed could improve the retrieval ability of cultural relic information. To sum up, the platform can
provide a good support for the designer’s creative design.
Tourism to Tibetan regions has become increasingly popular amongst Westerners in the last few decades, as Tibetian Relics, Cultural Heritage
interest in Tibetan culture and religion has grown. This interest in things Tibetan has combined with the Heritage
literature on development and tourism in indigenous communities to result in a conceptualisation of Tibetan
culture as a fragile cultural relic that must be preserved and protected from outside influences. However, the
indigenous Tibetan communities of Western China’s Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve have told a different
story of their experiences with tourism and development. Mass tourism in Jiuzhaigou has in fact been
harnessed for community development and cultural revitalisation through local women’s communal
businesses. Yet their development and empowerment has been to some extent bittersweet, as the women fear
that their decision to use tourism revenue to offer their children choice through the Chinese education system
may ultimately erode their traditional culture. The dilemma for the people of Jiuzhaigou is similar to that for
many indigenous groups: how can a desire to preserve traditional culture be reconciled with a desire to
empower the next generation?

The newly established Development Priority Zoning is a basic guidance of regional development and Cultural Heritage, Heritage
protection.However,the zoning has largely ignored the concerns of cultural heritage protection.Integrating Tourism, Relics
Development Priority Zones with cultural heritage protection zoning is thus urgently needed,whereas
understanding the spatial distribution characteristics of Cultural Relic Protection Units constitutes important
basis of the work.Utilizing a first-handed Cultural Relic Protection Unit database,we examined the spatial
distribution characteristics of Cultural Relic Protection Units in national,province,and city levels.Spatial
clustering analyses are conducted following to the criteria of both category and historical features of Cultural
Relic Protection Units.Geographical zoning analysis is then integrated to explain the distribution
characteristics.Results show that the spatial features reflect the evolution and communication of the Chinese
culture in tempo-spatial dimensions,and that they are largely related to both natural geographical features
such as climate and topography,and human geographical features such as regional economic,social and
cultural characteristics.In the temporal dimension,Cultural Relic Protection Units prior to Qin Dynasty are
distributed mainly in lower and middle reaches of the Yellow River,the Yangtze Delta,and the Jianghan
Plain.In the spatial dimension,the most concentrated area of Cultural Relic Protection Units is the middle and
lower reach of the Yellow River,specifically central Shaanxi Province,west Henan Province,south Shanxi
Province,Beijing,Tianjin,north Hebei Province,and west Shandong Province.

The Yuntaishan Geopark in the mountainous area north to Jiaozuo city,Henan Province,covering an area of 556 Cultural Heritage, Relic
km2,is dominated by the landscapes of rift structure,hydrodynamic function and geological Tourism, Relics Tourism
landform,accompanied by natural ecology and cultural interests,with both aesthetic and scientific values. The
geological relics are the main landscapes. Reasonable protection and development of the geologic relics to
enhance the tourism quality are the important measures for the sustainable development of the scenic area.
Since Yuntaishan became a famous scenic spot in 1989,the administration has made great efforts to protect and
develop the significant geological relics. Unfortunately,most of the geological relics are suffering destruction in
varying degrees as a result of ignorance. This article analyzes the protection and development for the geologic
relics in Yuntaishan geopark and proposes the corresponding preventing and controlling countermeasures.
In recent decades, expanding studies of oral histories and documentary evidence Cultural Heritage, Heritage
concerning the trans-Atlantic slave trade have undoubtedly improved our understanding of that Tourism, Relics
system and its effects of African cultural diasporas. Interesting oral history information from
past indigenous slave dealer communities in West Africa also provides new dimensions to our
knowledge regarding past economic and socio-cultural relationships and the existence of
diverse mechanisms of the enslavement system that were used to enforce captivity during the
period of the trade.

As we know that cultural heritage is one of the unrenewable valueless resources.But the existence of these Cultural Heritage, Culture
relics in Shannxi,one of the most cultural heritage provinces,are threatened owing to the economic and social Tourism, Relics
development.By analyzing the real protection measures and programme of such great relics in Shaanxi as
Liangdai county,Yaozhou kiln,Zhouyuan,and Yongcheng,the paper states that the protection and proper
programme of the great relics will be of great help to improve the Guanzhong′s imbalance economic situation
and promote the construction of socialist new villages in the middle of Shaanxi province.
Serial No. Web of Science Catagories
1 Hospitality Leisure Sport
2 Tourism
Social Sciences
3 Interdisciplinary
Humanities Multidisciplinary
4 Management
5 Environmental Sciences
6 Environmental Studies
7 Economics
8 Geography
9 Education Educational
10 Research
Geography Physical
11 Geosciences Multidisciplinary
12 Business
13 Green Sustainable Science
Technology
14 Imaging Science Photographic
Technology
15 Remote Sensing
16 Asian Studies
17 Computer Science Information
Systems
18 Computer Science
Interdisciplinary Applications
19 Computer Science Theory
Methods
20 Regional Urban Planning
21 Religion
22 Anthropology
23 Art
24 Computer Science Artificial
Intelligence
25 Cultural Studies
Record Count % of 109
25 22.936
16 14.679
12 11.009
12 11.009
11 10.092
11 10.092
9 8.257
9 8.257
6 5.505
6 5.505
6 5.505
5 4.587
4 3.67

4 3.67

4 3.67
3 2.752
3 2.752

3 2.752

3 2.752

3 2.752
3 2.752
2 1.835
2 1.835
2 1.835

2 1.835