Theme : The Constitution of India

Chapter
Citize11ship: Fzt11danie1ital
2 iglits and Ditties
•
•
Our role as citizens
Smooth functioning of democracy
• Rights of citizens
• Duties of citizens

,MOVt: Look ac rhe pictures given bdow. They depict )Orne of our ri~us and duues.
-~~
1

j forwa rd _-, -- -'C

!d,ntify and writ,....e-th_c:_m_.- - - - - . r--=~.....~,..;- - - - - - - -- - - - - - ,
- ,...

~ ,·.r-·:·= .:. , .
1lllt ,tl.'IJ~,"J,-?.
C:tr\.~ f\". '-{. ,

.
I> I

..~-- ~. '~ t V f-,' i '

-- • ~-----
;e ,

--
- - --WHAT IS CITIZENSHIP?
of which hehhe
Citizenship can be defined as a legal relationship which binds an individual co the scare,
any other country.
is a member. An Indian citizen is only a citizen of India and cannot be a citizen of

~ ,10......................................................................................... ............. 1n which :

: America has a concept of c:!ual c1tizensh1p. An Amet1qn 1s a citizen of not only the stite ~
the/she tes1qes. but also of the country. . ...... . . ................·
·····················............................................................................. .......................................... . .......................................

WHO IS A CONCERNED CITIZEN?

Responsibility as a concerned citizen implies that a citizen is
socially aware, responsive, committed and active. Central to
functioning as a concerned citizen in a democratic society, is
~e right to freedom of speech. This right enables us to share
~•ews openJy in public and through the media. They can hdp
1 m fostering public opinion about the performance of the
Concerned citizensart rtspons,ble c1t1zens

I
 ,411 citi_1,c

gov<'rnmcnt. People at l.trg<' ~houl<l be able to undcrstJnd the policies framcJ by lhc governn,e11
1 ,drflj~SIO
and,
•
J S a gr>
.
1· ..
l up o conccrm·<l c1tl/cns, shou
l<l bca hie to suppore or vote rhe government
. OUl 0 f
Power1 '(11t pr:1'
Uct.:ltor~s form an importJnt p.trt of a democracy. We have rhc right co vOle. Ir is rhcn:fore. our du . ii ,,i~,, d
I b"'
to exercise this right. ry . ffetht
~cmonacy is based on rhc rule of the people. ~knee, every democratic government seeks to guara11 ~ ~~ciplc
~,vii lib: n ics to its citizens without any discrimination. This is Jone by in~luding f-un<l_amcntal Ri~ce ~jor, C
rn th e Comtitution. It is important for a goo<l citizen to rcnll'mbcr chat rights an<l duucs go hand. its
11 freed•
hand an J arc l'k I e two sides of the same coin.
•
.Jae"' cl

.~ "A.· ~ . .... . . . ... . . . . .... .

................................................... .
i The Fr.:imci-s o( out· Constitution were 1nsp11eJ by 1rnport;:int lit~t?nc.il ~ocumcrils like the ·.l
.. .........
w Jtish'.
~ ;:~ndl
~~jvc:)
~ Decl.:i1.1bon o( the Rights 0 ( M:in ( the Combtubon 0 ( revolutton.:il1:' h .:in~c) and the Dccl;:ir~tton :
: o( R1~hts o ( the Amcr1c.:in colonies. The VN Ch:irter .:ilso m.:ikes it ohl1y.1tory (ur 411 membet l ~;~
:. n.:ibons to ensure ~as1c hum:in r1~hts to their citizens. . l~fttedom
............................................................................................................................
: ,I' of 5
fUNOAM[NTAL RIGHTS
~ 11: Evl
Fundamental Rights arc the basic rights which are absolucely essential for the all•round development ~right co
of an individual and make life worth Jiving. They cannot be altered or removed by any simple proctss. * and exp
These rights are essential for the smooch functioning of a democratic republic, and for the social, ~~mayb1
economic, political and cultural development of the nation. ~ the: pl
of l,ooks,
In Indian society, where caste hierarchies are prevalent almost everywhere, the enforcement of _. and
Fundamental Rights could make it possible for the weaker sections co express th_eir aspirations freely
and also enjoy social dignity, thus removing social tensions. The Fundamental Rights are as follows:
~ publ
~ ' hc:/s
.-this right
Right to Equality
j)ldia.
All the citizens living in India are equal before the law.
~toassc~
0 The state cannot • any arm
discriminate against any
one on the basis of gender, form asj
religion, caste, race or place tect th(
of birth. joymc1
0 There is no discrimination
. ity.
on grounds of religion, free m
sex or caste with regard to oflndi~
access to shops, restaurants,
public places or in the Wimtorcsid
Gender equality
use: of wells, tanks and ~tdlor trans
public transport. id>m to prao
c:i~il libcrtcrs.fmdom ofaction and spm·h subjrct to Lhe law •practise any
.i.: interest o
 r ,......--..- - - - - ---

, /{II\ h.tH' npl. lI (1rpl1nu111l1·C'\ \\ll Il rrg.mt (0 nllp t,1pn,n1 an r,mnnm<" m otli .. o l•r
1\ll ..,,it · •
. · n l\l ~ t\\'l'rllllWOl 11\\lllUllllll\ ~ .HI01l.
I b•"·" o f Oltrll ,Ill J ()11,l I1ltl
1 (10 I IC'
,aJn11,,111
'(ll ~ of untoudl.lh1li1y is J puni,ll.lhk ufft·lllC, a, 11ntom hJh1li1y IS ;an lln('l\lC' .1~.1t n \ t
·1he pr.tl • . . . . I
J,,, nin . l 1,1n ..lh1J1 f,ll1r,ln .lf,Jm,t 11mou\.h,1h1l1ty throughout 111, polHh.J '--'fc."\.·r.
hulllJll r-
µ. 1Jwlur, M ,,lw,lj,I ur J\~111•,,/1--,1\1 ~lh.h titk'i co11k11nl b~ the l\rn "h uc a~J1r:,c the
R,~, k lif ) lit i.11 cquJJny. Thudorc. thc-.c rnlo wnc .iboli,hcJ. Only mili1.u1 wl,' like
1
rri '.\!r C<1h, m·l J nJ ,\l.tll..-mit. cities like D11ctor or Prof\-~M l.-10 h<' .I\\ ,;uJ..·J .
~ 1,lfl'lr,

. hC co Frcc-dont
Jl•S 11'1..'ull1m
R1~hr tu
1 he . ii lihr rt Y .rnJ
0
~urei u, · ·
c: · t.hc- inJ 1, ,Ju JI Imm
.c the l I
p~)(\"\,IS 1\ e .,1l.CS ti f t hC
h n •rr(\}
' l•lvl) ! 1e . c All .. 1ti1cns
o\cronH:n •
~r'n~t:
' . S
of loJ',J .trt' r,u .1.r.ll\Cl't"J '''
ripes of fn:cJl1m.
L '.t'Jolll ~pc.:nh .anJ
i1 f
I r( .
lpmr111 C\ Pf('\)ll •
1
lrl • \CC'\ Uf lll ll

)l'\)(t\s. h.u the ni;hc tu h lcJ urn ot

s1~''l
h .anJ c,r''-'''''"1. I l1J
-~~I. I -•
hi:r \ICWS ntJY be .Ut h.U J(CU
·h 1hi: rrl"\.S lrl th('
Ihrtl U ~ .
1rn1 of furm of book), \-, rn111g, Ill
,s fl'C(h· OC\\ ,p.1J\CU .a.nJ OlJ!;.UlllCS
llo'o\'-. or chroui;h publ ic ~rt,'l'l,hn. c,r,t~ns 9nrl1r1,ng (I)( 0 P.,'1ktft1I rro. ~~1,on
~fo"c,·cr, hcl!>he cannuc
m~LUc th•~ rifht to in ...itc people to v111lcmc, to dd.1mc: other, or tu cnJ.m~cr the ~Cl urit~ .mJ u nit~
of lnJi.1.
freedom to 2v,cmblc pcJ1.<.·full)' \Hthuut Jrtll\: l'rolc,!>iom Jnd puhlk flllCling" !>lwulJ he hdJ "nh,1ut
arf)ing ~ny urns or jnJul~ing in, 1oh:11Lc thJt m.1y thrc.ttt"n IJw .111J ,,rdl•r
Rii::ht to f\lrm .a.,, u... iJtions .and un iom: People lJ II .11'0 form an .1"u,. 1.11i,1n lo aJJrl·,s tht'11 ~rin.m.. c<i
or co pnHc'-t ,heir Jcfin11e lnll' rc,t\. ·1he governrnl' Ot OlJ)', h,"H"\ Cf, impmc n-J,,11uhlc cc,tttl thlll\
on the cn1o}mcnt c,f thi,; right in the intcrc,t, (1( thi: ,.tfcty of the MJtl' or lll ,t11p J IIV mrnh,rJl ,,r
ill,,.g.J ,l\. u vi l y.
Rishe lO free mll\cmenc: Lvcry l tti J.C n of l11J1.1 i, cm11kJ 111 nh1, c ltcd~ .a.nJ ~n,k llmn,~h the
tcrritury 11f l nJiJ for wurk ur lim111l'"·
rrl1:Jum It) rn ,Jc- u r ,ctde In .111y pJn of lnJ1J An lnJiJn Lll\/l n l .111 I\.\IJl· Ill ,111} r.in ,,t th(· (.\lllJllf\\
buy, M:11 or rr.111.'llc:r hi, pr\lpcrty.
FrrcJom tu prJl.lt\C any prufc,\lull .111J 1..ury on .1.11\' ,,u UJ1,llll•II, trJlk ur hu"nl \~. An ln,li.m l II Ill I\
[I ' ; l~n prJl.ll.'IC .my p1uft·,~iu11 ur l.,lrry Ul\ ,Illy bu, 111n,. trJJ c (I( IIH up.llllltl p111\ 1Jl'J ll I\ llllt h.umtul h\
public interest o r immur.J 111 11.1.curc, e.g. smur.f.111,~ 11r ttJtl1lk111~ 11f dulJn:n.
Right Against Exploitati on
CitiLCI\\ ofl11Ji.1cannor be forced to work against their will or without. pa.r menr. ~ hildrcn under the
5
.igc 0 : 14 cannor he fo rced to work. They can be protected under their right agam c exploitation of
any kin<l. Ex.1mplcs of many such children abound in our country.

---------------

A boy working at a loom and g,rls working In a brick factory

Right to Freedom of Religion

In a country like ours, where there are many religious communities, the Constitution guarantees chat
all religions enjoy equal status as religion is created as a personal concern of the individual. Thus, the
government maintains a secular seance with regards co religion.

T
"
••

~
..
.
• -.. I " • ... -- ; ·-

• .. • _; .. ..;. I j
'J - .. -; : I •
~-
{
I

~r - •
...
.•
~

.• 1·--- . \ •• { .
' .
...r-:- -
~ f \ ~ ' ,,--, lipt
' I

' l
~ .
- eI
1 :_J llit Ri
~ ....-.;a: . .~, \ Anidc
I
•fittc
"
Sri Hajoor Sahib In Nanded is an Important place of worship for the Sikhs
l UnJt' r h
loitJr1· t t
l>n of

cutcural and Educational Rights

. hJS prople ofJm,my. Ltngu.1g rs cultun:s d 1 .
JoJ11 , 1
an re 1g1ons In ord .
~ l.ingu.1ge an script, minorities have bl·cn g . d L. r er to protect and )afcguard their
l U
cU r ' J . d ranrc tne rrl'cdo
.. ,(Tes and tra mons, an open their t•ducario nJJ. 1 •mmtut1o
• • m to preserve and promote their
l,in~UA'o ns.

o: ht to Constitutional Remedi es
JVg .
Conscicurion prov1Jes us with an impressive li"t fF d .
0 ur h . ~ o un amenraJ Ri h B th .
,ningless , unless t ere ts a court to prevent the v· I· . f h . g ts. ut esc rights are
CJl,...,. . . 10 ac1on o t ese ru,ht b h
The Conmrunon guarantees nroplc the r·t1>ht h o s Y l e st.ires, groups or.a
On
nc:rs · r- o to move t e court fi h •
f~nd,une nwl Rights. or t e protecuo n of theu

anrees thct
. ThUs, the

Right to Education
The Right to E<luc,nion was made a f und.i.mcntaJ Rig.hr by the Ri!;ht to hJul,ltlOn A,r of 200tJ,
Article 2 IA of the lndiJn Constitution. Every Indian chilJ bl·rwccn the age of 6 w l ·1 yc;m i, cn1i1kd
co free education. The government h:is made it compul\,,ry for all private Khools to rc\tnc ,omc ,cJ1
s
for undcrprivilq;t"d children and they are to be admincd without ~11y imcrvicw~.
 l.imit,u ion,
I hl fl' .ire ,um"" l11nn.111,>m tu our rirlm. Al d11,ur,l1 frnJuin i~ c:, .....·n11JI, one &lwulJ Clltrti ~ l.111 ,
•rt:h" '"'h rl·, p11m1hili1y, M> dlJl l•tl1l ·r, JI<' 1101 l1Jrn1c:J . Jur ,•,wnplr , \\C ha \'C d,c rit;la co c.riri ta
prt'Yrnt l.t.wlt~~nrsi ~~I(
f,11, t·rn nwnt pol rdn 111 m·,, 'iJ1Jpn11 J11J ,nJgJ1 lltt·, . 1lowt-vcr, HI rn J("r to
.11~.1rd1y, tltl' right tu fu1111 J\!.lll iJtinm or u111011, n1.1y hr 'llftJ1k J or t'vrn rn11 rucJ Ill lhc
rn1c-, d
1..• I puhlil ~.1k1y, Ju1i11g \\,If u, J lrni,. hir n,J111plr . .1 J'""'" IIIJY M1mrt11 1h:S lie Jct.tincJ ur •Trt\:
d
llll l'r /.Pl'l iJ! 1.,w~ ,ud1 J \ the- l'"rnu.t! Scrv1u ~ MJilllfllJllU.' A...r
(J.~MA) .

..

h 1
N(H\tl Nl\l 1>,1111 .,
~WC' '~1ule cnu~
Righr!I h,tvC' hl'l'n Jl·,crihl'J as the dJims uf an inJiviJual, rl'rngni~cd by tliC'
. ., , ,rng
I
ou r rr~ 11 ~ mc,~c ol us forget rhac wt Jlso have some Juries coward~ our l!oc1cty :inu the swr R! J.
( Wh'I . . ~Ill
1 c cnJuymg (JUT rryu trJ frccr!urn
,,
I J I . m: in!-cpJrable. Every right h.1s a LOrrcsponding duty.
JI~ "um·s ~
ot rdtgllln, ic Jl~o becomes our duty co see chat we allow others the same fo:eJ 1m Our!C,
1 .re tf,
,~ t
ohligJtions l)f thl· c:icizens cowards their state. A list of ren Fundamental Duries Y.4l tndudcd m -~
Comricurion by tlie 42nu Amendment in 1976. Under this article, it l!hall be the duty cl C"\ery c1t.un
uf lnJiJ:
□ ro abiJe by rhe Conscirurion and respect its ideals and insrirucions, the n:mona.J fLg lnd t11t
n.uionJI anrhem

w, should mprct our national naa

O to cheri~h andfollow 1he noble ideals, which inspired our struggle for freedom
O to prumore harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among!lt all rhe people
of India,
tr.1m~cnJing rrligiou-;, linguisti c, regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices
derogatory ro the dignity of women
 to uphoh.l .mJ proH't t the ~ovcrcignty, u11i1 y
0 [0 J[•fcn<l the rou nt ry .1ocl render
and i11trgri1y of India
0 I
to VJ l e at1d pm,erv
l
. . n,nion.i_l ticrvkc when tail ed upon to
c the nt h heritage of our lOmpo'>ite cultu
do f>O
0 10 roicct anJ
re
0 imprt'.v
anu.~ to hJVC wmp.lSMntn our ~J'. ! environmrn1 induding fore,15. lake
for l1v11iona
1g cn:aturcs s. rivers and wil<llifc ,

'o co dl'vdop a scienriftc temperament , humanis

r guJrd public property and to abju
co s:uc
m and the ~pirit of inqu iry, and reform
re violence
CJ
{O strl·ve rowan.ls cxcclle ncc in all eres of individual and coll ecti
CJ consta ntly rises to higher levels ofsph
.
. ve acti
' vity' so that the nation
endeavour and athicvemcnc
. duu.cs are not .enforceable but
1hc=se , as respon~ible citizens, it is our obligati
r rrn t hese duties sincerel y. on ro
perio
~~.:[!]
At,I@... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M
, h 5 Peen only one Instance 111 the histmy ofin<l
. . . . .. . . .,
epen<len\ Ind iowhe i1 the Fu nda rnenQI Rights
: There l enJeJ. Tl11S hlppeneJ <luring ln ern
etge ncy !
l '""' susp0 tnrnent t11,ne.l l11thot1tJt1Jn In ptld1 between 1975 snQ 1977. As l <lernoctllic.illy :
\ dc!ctedk~S
: the Lo l
~'1J elections (,lue 1111976) were postponce, e<\
people·, rights were seve rely cutla1le,l Also, :
hy l yea,. j
: 978 we hlJ one mote Fun,hrnentll Rig c h :
: T1111 • rnentll Ri~hts by the 44t h Ani ht-the R1ghtto Property. It Wls remove<\ rtorn t e ;
.'••·...toF...Fun
:1,- )
d:l ............. en<lrnent.
,i
I ;■tllttllll ....
- .... .... .... ............ ..................................... ..........
---=,~--------~--:w~~:-1911.....-- -~....- ............ ............. ..

Cltlztns shou ld rtndtr nor Iona/ s,rv/ct whtn collt

d upon to do so