1.

Introduction
In this report, a stiffened raft footing for a given house layout be analyzed and designed. Students
were given different group numbers, which required designing for different types of
superstructure and three different conditions. For this report AMW super structure with an initial
condition of Ys = 80mm and HS = 2.3. There were certain requirements students needed to meet,
such as the beam spacing, which could not exceed 4 meters, the slab thickness at 100 mmm and
the width of the beam at 300 mm for the raft slab. Students were provided a table of reinforced
steel bars to choose from, which had a yield strength of 500 MPa.
The initial part of the practical was to draw rectangles for the given house layout and determine
the number of beams that were needed to satisfy the condition for each rectangle. This was
achieved by using a ruler and measuring the given dimension to adjust the scale accordingly.
After having obtained the number of beams needed and the measurement of the internal walls.
The software CORD was using to input these parameters. For the initial trial the software
assumed an initial bar size for the design, which was N12 , with 179 mesh type, as well as 3
reinforced bars at top and bottom. This could be adjusted accordingly by the user to satisfy
certain condition for ductility, flexural strength and moment of inertia.
After obtaining the information of the critical cases for the rectangles for all 3 analysis. The
information was than tabulated using excel to create a visual representation of moment, shear
and mound deflection. An in-depth discussion of the graphs will be provided in the report.

2. Design requirements and steps

Steps followed
 Determining the re-entrant corners
 The number of rectangles needed to ensure the safety of the re-entrant corners for
the floor plan provided.
 Measuring the rectangles and the internal beams for each rectangle. To acquire
the number of beams needed in the long and short direction, with a spacing of 4
meters or less.
 Inputting the parameters into CORD for three different analysis.
 Using trial and error to find the critical cases for and calculating the stiffness for
the three different analysis
 Extracting the data for the critical cases into excel to obtain graphs for mound,
shear, moment.
Table 1 Design input parameters

Brick Wall External wall weight(KN/sq.m wall area)

Wall type Veneer Type Internal wall weight(KN/sq.m wall area)
concrete compressive strength:25MPa Ec=0.75
Material Properties steel Young' Modulus:200GPa Yield Strength: 500MPa
Roof Type Tiled- Conventional Roof weight: 0.85 kPa
Eaves Wall Height(m) Auto Ym centre& Ym edge Hs(m)
over Slab live
hang(m) load external internal Centre (mm) Edge (mm)
0.6 0.75 2.4 2.4 49 35 2.3

In this design, the deflection ratio is 400 which is based on the given condition.
The first part of the practical was to draw a rectangle on the floor plan that maintains continuity,
which protects the re-entrant’s corners. The measurement was taken from the brief of the floor
plan. And the scale was adjusted accordingly. The external beams were acquired by designing
the four rectangles for the floor plan. The internal beam was than designed with a spacing of 4
meters. Finally, the length of the walls was measured by a ruler for each rectangle. After all the
information was acquired the software was used to input the number of beams required for the
rectangles as well the measured length of the walls for each rectangle.
From the design it can be observed that there are four re-entrant corners the grey circles. This is
to ensure that the design is safe and has protection from extra loads that may be acting on it. The
beams of the four rectangles were designed so that the first rectangle has a long beam
horizontally, and the other three rectangles have long vertical beams.

Figure 1 Rectangle plan