MAYATUNE 2016 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL: CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE® ~ EXAMINATION HUMAN AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY ‘Paper 01~ General Proficienty J hour 15 minutes dain: i € 10 JUNE 2016 (a.m) ) i ‘This test consists of 60 items. You will have I hour and 15 mitutes to answer them. In addition to this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet. Do not be concemed that the auswer sheet provides spaces for more answers than there are items in this test. "Back item ia this test has four suggested answers lettered (A); (B),(C), (D). Read each item you are about to answer and decide which choice is best. On your answer shee, find the number waich corresponds to your item and shade the space having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below. Sampleliem =. ‘Abnormally high blood pressure is called Sample Answer (A) | distension * ® e ® ¢ (B) hypotension (©) hypertension i @®) hyperglycaemia he ‘The best answer to this item is “hypertension”, so (C) has been shaded. If you want to change your answer, erase it completely before you fill ia your new choice, When you are told to begin, turn-the page and work as quickly and as carefully as you can. Tf you cannot answer an item, go on to the next one. You may return to that itera later, Figures aré hot necessarily drawn to scale, ‘ DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO so. Copyright © 2014 Caribbean Exarninations Council All rights reserved. “01253010/F 2016L Item refers tothe following diagram which ‘Tepresents an animal cell. ‘The structure labelled X is involved ia (A) the storage of fats B) the production of proteins (©) _ breaking down substances (D) packaging substances fortransport out of the cell, Aq example of diffusion is the movement of ‘ (A) sodium across cell membranes (B) oxygen from the alveoli to capilliacies (©) guicose from the digestive tract to the vi () sucrose from phloem fubes to the companion cells Item.3 refers to the following feéshwater food chain. | Sex 3, The orgnitism labelled Lis (A) aherbivore | (8) anomnivore { (©) primary consumer (D) a secondary consumer Item 4refersto the following diagram which represents the oycling ofnitrogen i Nitrogen in, e the ale Nitrates in ) the soll 1 Dead organic H matte Se a 4, Which of the following labels correspon {o the function of nitrifying bacteria? See @M i. ® wo © m } ©) WwW GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEWhich of the following is NOT a fimetion of calcium? (A) Absorption (B) Blood clotting (C) Development of healthy teeth, @) Development of healthy bones Which of the following would MOST likely increase the risk of developing rickets? I. Living ina tropical climate TH. Having coreal-based dict with limited access to milk: UL Inability of the large intestine to absorb phosphate @ _ Tonly ®) only (©) Wand Holy @) Land ur A volime of 2 cm? of Benedict’s solution is added to 2 cin of coconut water in a test tube, and the mixture is boiled for five minutes, The observation would MOST likely be 2 (A) blue solution (B) purple solution (C) White emuision (D) __brick-red precipitate D1 2530107 2016 Ttems_8-9 refer to the following food ‘groups in a person's dict. ‘What percentage of this diet consists of staples? L He w + 2 © 5% ©) 180 Oats would be found in the food group labelled : (A) fruits @) staples (C)- legumes @) vegetables GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE4. = Carbohydrates ~ Fruits.and vegetables ~ Protein = Fats 10. Aperson diagnosed with diabetes mellitus should, (A) increase fat intake (B) decrease protein intake 2 (©) decrease carbohydrate intake (D) _ increase fiuit and vegetable intake Item I refers to the following diagram 12, Which of the following represents the ‘which shows the intemal structure of a ‘correct seqience of events in the formation tooth. of a dental cavity? 1 L Abscess IL —_Dentine decay i I. Enamel decay TV, Plaque formation om cs 2 @® Limv ®) LL Ww . © Wrmr # ©) WoL ur i 13. Which of the following is true about pepsin? UL, The layer of the tooth which is harder than bone is labelled (A) Converts proteins to polypeptides (B) Converts proteins to amino acids @ 1 (©) Functionsbestinalkalineconditions @ w (D) _Is secreted in pancreatic juices © m o Vv é GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE-5- \ Item 14 refers to the following diagram of pact of the human digestive system. 14. _ Which sequence correctly matches the numbered structures to their functions? Secretes Gastric [Produces Bile | Absorbs Soluble Juice End Products an i 2 3 8) 1 3 Bi | © 2 1 3 i (D) 2 3 i | 15. The equation for aerobic respiration is, (A) C,H,,0, + 60, + 6CO, + 6H,0 + energy @®) —CH,,0, + 6CO, + 60, + 6H,O + energy ©) CHH,,0, 20,H,0H + 20, + energy | ©) G,H,,0, + 20,5,0, + energy Item 16 refers to the following equation. Energy produced t | ADP+? ————— > arp nergy required by the body 16. Which of the following occurs whea energy is required by the body? (A) ATP attaches to a phosphate group. (B) ADP releases a phosphate group. (C) ATP is broken down to ADP and a phosphate group. ©) _ ADPis broken down to ATP and a phosphate group. jot GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE17. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in mouth-to-mouth resuscitation? L Pinch the nostrils. TL Place your mouth over the other person’s and blow gently. ML Remove your mouth. wv. Tilt the head backward. (4) LILULIV ® inn © WwLum ©) WUT 18. Which of the following substances found in cigarette smoke is addictive? “ i) © 2) Tar Nicotiae Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide 19. The double pumping of the heart allows blood tich in (A) oxygen to be taken to the body uring the second pump B)__oxygentobetakento thelungduring the first pump (© carbon dioxide to be taken to the body during the first pamp (D) carbon dioxide to be taken to. the Jung during the second pump 20. Platelets —+ Substance X —+ blood clotting The substance, X, produced by ruptured platelets is f (A) fibrin ) calcium (©) fibrinogen (D) thromboplastin Item 21 refers to the following diagram of the heart. 21, Which of the following is a correct comparison of the structures labelled X and Y? A @) © OQ ix ‘Thicker walls Thinner walls Sends blood to the body Blood leaves at higher pressure y ‘Thinner walls ‘Thicker walls Sends blood to the lungs Blood leaves at lower pressure GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE22, Number of deaths from coronary heatt disease each year per 100 000 men Item 22 refersto the following graph which shows the relationship between cigaretfe smoking and deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD). 400. 300. 200. 100 1 tal 0 td 15-24 25+ [Number of cigarettes smoked each day How many tore men who smoked 25 oc more cigarettes per day died of CHD than nonsmokers? (A) 150000 (@) 275000 (C) 400000 @) 550000 Which of the following bones is NOT involved in the protection of the lungs? @) — Clavicle @) — Stecnum © = Scapula ©) Rib cage a= 24, Item 24 refers to the following diagram. ‘The bone labelled X in the diagram above isthe (A) fibula (8) femur © tibia ©) ulna GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGR28. Item 25 refers to the following diagram Items 27-28 refer to the following showing the attachment of biceps and simplified diagram of a Kidney nephron. triceps in the upper arm. Which of the following comectly classifies ‘Tendons X and ¥? x xX . = Yn answering Items 27-28, each labelled a_i foi Dutony or weonc vs an 322: ri a notat all. (©)_ [Insertion Insertion Z . (@)_ | Origia Insertion ‘Which labelled part ») z 27, collects filtrate from the glomerulus? Locoriotion is NOT important for humans to 28. brings blood to the glomerulus? (A) find food (B) locate a mate 29. (©) avoid predators (D)___ breathe in oxygen z (A) abigh water intake (B) eating a.diet lo (©) excessive exercise (D) __ beinginacoldroom foralong time Assmall volume of urine will MOST likely be produced after AA AKT TER NRVT DAGRItem30 refers to the following graph which Hem 31 refers to the following diagram Shows the effects that eating and fasting which shows a section through human have on blood glucose levels. brain, Blood ‘150 glucose Eoncentration w {eng per 100 ext) os Time 30. Thehormone responsible fortbe inereasein the blood glucost concentration after 9:00 am. is (A insulin B) glucagon 31. The part of the brain labelled W is (©) slycogen - responsible for which of the following ©) testosterone processes? L Learning and memory Tl —_Balanceandmuscularcoordination Ul Sight and bearing (@) — TandIonly : @) Land Monly (©) Mand Otonly @®) 1, Wand tr Item 32 cefers to the following diagram which shows a sensory neurone. I 1 1v, ———_> Direction of impulse 32. The axon is represented by @ ®) © mw Oo Ww GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE-10- 33. Which of the following statements are 36. Which of the following diagrams shows correct about neurones? the lens used to correct short-sightedness when viewing a distant object? (A) Neurones are physically joined together. (By The nerve ending of » motor @ neurone is found in the muscle. (©) Impulses are transmitted across synapses by neurotransmitters. (D) | - Nerves (bundles ofneurones) carry chemical impulses to and from the brain, @ Item 34 refers to the information in the Following table. ‘Actions Voluntary | Involuntary Blinking whea an object | No “Yes 4S is approaching the eve Swallowing No Yes Jogging ‘Yes No Sending an e-mail Yes No @ 34. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the table, about voluntary and involubtary actions? (A) _Involuntaryactionsare well thought out ®) “Voluntary actions are automati (©) Voluntary actions ensure survival. AD) _ Involuntary actions are automatic. 35. When viewing a distant object, the ciliary muscle (A) relaxes and the lens flattens (B) relaxes and the lens bulges AC) contracts and the lens flattens x @) contracts and the lens bulges GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.“i [tem 37 refers to the following information. . 2 Semen contains sperm cells in seminal Suid, ‘The following steps ace involved in semea formation. L Passage of sperm along the sperm duct Ih Secretions from seminal vesicles I, Meiosis in the testes Iv. Secretions from prostate gland 37. Which of the following shows the comect sequence for semen formation? (A) It = t => _{m [= fw ®t (> ir (fe (fv ee i | as [oe a ea [va [eee \ pat [ae =a] a |r| | 38. A DISADVANTAGE of using an 40. The main reason for practising family intrauterine device is that it * planning is to - . {A) is comfortable (A) make families richer AB) must be inserted by a doctor (B) improve the GDP of a couatry (©) is an effective method of birth (©) give individuals more leisure time E control AB) ensure resources for future ©) causes sterility after removal generations 39. Which of the following is the LEAST 41. Which of the following statements about reliable contraceptive? meiosis is true? (A) Female condom (A) Itoccurs in the uterus, (B) Tubal Ligation -®) Four daughter cells are produced. A2F Contraceptive pill (C) It produces genetically identical (D) Intrauterine device cells. ~@) Daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the arent cell | GO ON TO THR NEXT Page-2- Item 42 refers to the following graph which ‘shows changes in the population of bacteria when an antibiotic is administered. opuaton stat Antibiotic “* ‘Time (hours) 42. The population of bacteria at Point X survived MOST likely because (A) their genotype made them fess susceptible AB) their phenotype made them resistant (C) © not enough antibiotic was administered @) there was more food, water and space available to them 43, A tall man (TT) and a short woman (tt) havetwo children. Which of the following options indicates the phenotype of the children? Abs > Both tall @) Both Tt (©) One TT andone tt @) One tall and one short 44, A man and his wife have three male children. What is the probability that their next child will be 2 female? SO) 0.25 (B) 0.50 (©) 07s > @) 100 45. 46. 41. 48, lems 45 refers to the following factors. T Diabetes I Obesity UL Stress IV. Genetic predisposition The above factors are MOST likely considered risk factors for (A) — asthma (B) arthritis, (©) infectious diseases, AB) cardiovascular diseases ms 46-47 refer to the following information. 1. It is caused by a bacterium, : TL Personspractisingpoorhygieneare ‘more susceptible. . ML Can be fatal without medical = * treatment. IV. Involves format a of ulcers. ee ‘Which statements are true about cholera? (A) Land ttonly (8) Wand 1Vonly AG) 1, Wand only @) Li Mtendiv ‘Which statement is NOT true of syphilis? Binet -@) w © Ww Oo Ww Antiretroviral drugs are used to (A) cure BIV/AIDS (B) cure pneumonia (C) prevent secondary infections . -®} control the reproduction of the ‘human immunodeficiency virus GO ONTO THR NRXT PAGE49. 36. Si. 52. 13 The Anopheles mosquito is known for the spread of (A) dengue AB) malaria (C) cholera (D) gastroenteritis Dengue can be controlled by L vaccination T. taking aspirin UL getting rid of stagnant water TV. spreading a thin layer of oil on stored water - (A) Tlonly (B) Land Ut only (Gy Iland IV only ©) 1, Mand IV only Items 51-52 refer to the following terms. (A) Antibody (B) Antibiotics © Antitoxin @) Antiserum In answering Items 51-52, each option may be used once, more than once or not atall, Which term refers to a protein produced by blood plasma cells derived from B-lymphocytes? A ‘Substance produced by the body toneutralize toxins? C- atasantamanre 53. Natural passive immunity involves (A) long-lived immunity (B)_ exposure to the pathogen APY antibodies being passed to a child via the placenta, () antibodies being passedtoa mother via the placenta 54. Air pollution can be reduced by A) deforestation (B) using lead fuel. (©) avoiding car pooling ©) installing catalytic converters incars 55. ARterafidod, the BEST method ofremoviag bacteria from water for drinking purposes is. @) boiling ®) filtering (©) © settling AB) addition of chlorine tem 56 refers to the following diagram of the water oycle. Water sapoor av: \ Asieats = ake, steam’, oceans i Raiafall Plants Groundwater, a a 56. Transpiration’s represented by @M - ey 0 OQ ww ‘ ©) WwW GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE-l4- i . 57. In lacge-seate water purification, the 59. Which of the following activities are past formation of acid which destroys organises of the biological filter method of sewage * is achieved by the process of treatment? (A) © screening I. Sewage is pumped into a tank (B)_ filteation containing concrete stones. 42)" chlorination M1. Bacteria and protozoa feed; on (D) sedimentation sewage. UL The sewage is aerated and mixed with a paddle. 58. Which of the following refers to a proper method of sewage disposal? LF Land Wonly. (8) Land It only (A) Drop latrine (©) Wand Monly - (B) Surface latrine @) | Wandr ACY Pit latrine in clay soil (D) Water carriage system zi 60. Compaction is done at lardills in order io (A) control the dust ‘ ‘ ®)_+ control the smells AGE gettid ofspaces that may harbour ~ 5 pew | 2 @) recover materials that are senf to ~ be recycled ety Ei END OF TEST . UF YOU FINISHBEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.