ASSIGNMENT NO.

1. What is molecular biology?

♦ Molecular biology is the study of the structure function, and makeup of the
molecular building blocks of life. It focuses on the interactions between the
various systems of a cell, including the interrelationship of DNA, RNA and protein
synthesis and how these interactions are regulated. Molecular biology took place
in 1953, when James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the double helical
structure of the DNA molecule.

2. What is molecular diagnostics?

♦ Molecular diagnostics is referred to as the detection of genomic variants, aiming
to facilitate detection, diagnosis, subclassification, prognosis, and monitoring
response to therapy. It provides information and results so it is easier to identify,
diagnose, prognostic and track the treatment response of any residual disease.

3. Briefly discuss the difference of Prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell.

♦ The defining characteristic feature that distinguishes between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cell is the nucleus. In prokaryotic cells, the true nucleus is absent,
moreover, membrane-bound organelles are present only in eukaryotic cells.
Other major differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are that
prokaryotic cells are exclusively unicellular, while the same does not apply to
eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are usually divided by binary fission and
Eukaryotic cells involved mitosis in cell division.

4. In your own words, explain the Central dogma of molecular biology?

♦ The central dogma is that the flow of information in cells is from DNA to RNA to
protein. The central dogma of biology describes the flow of genetic information in
cells. It shows how the information coded in DNA can be used to create proteins,
with emphasis on directionality.

5. What is gene and how is it related to molecular biology subject?

♦ A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. It is related to
molecular biology subject because our genes contain instructions that tell your
cells to make molecules called proteins. And genes are made up of DNA which
act as instructions to make molecules called proteins aka the Central dogma of
molecular biology