MODULE 3: SCIENCE

AND TECHNOLOGY AND

NATION BUILDING IN THE
PHILIPPINES
Presentation by: KLD-STS
Faculty
Opening prayer
H e a v e n ly Fa t h e r a n d Yo u r B e l o v e d S o n J e s u s C h r i s t ,

We t h ank y o u fo r g iving u s a n o ther l ife,

W e t h a n k y o u f o r a n o t h e r B e a u t i fu l M o r n i n g .

A s w e g o o n t h r o u g h o u r l e s s o n s t o d a y,

M ay y o u m a ke u s i nstruments t o d o g o od t h ings.

P lease e nlighten o u r m inds,

G i v e u s t h e s t r e n g t h t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n o u r s u b j e c t t o d a y.

T hank you for this op portunity to l earn and s er ve others,

a n d h e l p m e t o a l w a y s r e m e m b e r t h e Tr u t h o f Yo u r G l o r y !

I n J esus’ n a me. A men

Objectives
• Di s c u s s t h e ro l e o f S c i e n c e a n d Te c h n o l ogy i n P h i l i p p in e
Na t i o n B ui l d i n g.

• Eva l u a te g ov e r n m e nt p o l i c i es p e r t a i ni n g t o s c i e n c e a n d
t e c h n o lo gy i n t e r m s o f t h e i r c o nt r i b u tio n s t o n a t i o n
building

• I d e nt i f y a c t u al s c i e n c e a n d t e c h n ol ogy p o l i c i es o f t h e
g ov e r nm e nt a n d a p p ra i s e t h e i r i m p a c t o n t h e
d e v e l o pme nt o f t h e F i l i p i n o n a t i o n .

• Di s c u s s t h e c u r re nt st a t u s o f p ro g ra m s o f DO ST -S E I i n
p rov i d i n g h u m a n re s o u rc e c a p ac it y b u i l d i n g.
 Brief Historical Background of Science and Technology in the Philippines

Pre -Sp a nis h Phi li pp ines:

• The e a rly i nha b ita nts o f the a rchi p el ago ha d the i r o w n b e li ef syste m a nd i nd i g enous
k no w led ge syste m .

• Sci e nce wa s o b s e r ved i n the way the y i nte rp re ted the m ove m e nts o f he ave nly b o d i e s to
pre di ct s e a s o ns a nd cli m ates , a nd i n o rg a ni zing days i nto m o nths a nd ye a rs .

• Sci e ntific k no w led ge wa s o b s e r ved i n the way the y p l a nte d the i r cro p s , i n ta k i ng ca re o f
a ni m a ls , a nd fo r fo o d p ro d ucti on.

• The y us e d s ci e nce i n p re p a ring the s o i l fo r a g ri cultura l p urp o s es a nd li ke a ny o the r

a nci e nt culture s .

• The y a ls o d i s covered the m e d icinal us e s o f p l a nts

Spanish Era
• T he Spani ar ds br ought wi th them thei r own cul tur e and pr acti ces

• T hey establ i shed school s f or boys and gi r l s and i ntr oduced the
concept of subjects and di sci plines

• T he Fi l ipinos dev el oped ways to r epl i cate the technol ogy br ought
by the Spani ar ds usi ng i ndi genous m ater i als

• M edi ci ne and adv anced sci ence wer e i ntr oduced i n f or m al col l eges
and uni v ersities establ i shed by the C athol i c or der s

• T he gal l eon tr ade had br ought addi ti onal technol ogy and
dev el opment i n the Phi l ippines

• F i l ipino students who wer e abl e to study i n Eur ope al so

contr i buted to the adv ancem ent of m edi ci ne, engi neer ing, ar ts,
m usi c , and l i ter ature i n the countr y
 American Era
• The Americans established the public education
system, and improved the engineering works and the
health conditions of the people
• They recognized the learning of science and
introduced it in public and private schools.
• They established a modern research university, the
Universit y of the Philippines.
• They created more public hospitals than the former
colonial master
• The mineral resources of the countr y were also
explored and exploited during the American time
• Transpor tation and communication systems were
improved, though not accessible throughout the
countr y.
The Aftermath of WWII

However, World War II had established

the development of the country in many
ways. Institutions and public facilities
were turned into ashes, houses were
burned, and many lives were destroyed
 The Philippine government introduced and
implemented several programs, projects, and
Government policies to boost the area of science and
technology.
Policies on
Science and The goal is to prepare the whole country and
its people to meet the demands of a
Technology technologically driven world and capacitate the
people to live in a world driven by science
 1. Social Sciences, Humanities,
Education, International Policies and
Governance.
The National 2. Physics, Engineering and Industrial
Research Council Research, Earth and Space Sciences,
of the Philippines and Mathematics
(NRCP) clustered 3. Medical, Chemical, and
these policies Pharmaceutical Sciences
into four:
4. Biological Sciences, Agriculture and
Forestry
There are also other existing programs supported
by the Philippine government through the
Department of Science and Technology (DOST)

-providing funds for basic research and patents

related to science and technology

-Providing scholarships for undergraduate and

graduate studies in the field of science and
technology

-Establishing more branches of the Philippine

Science High School System
DOST projects

- B a l i k S c i e nt i st P ro g ra m t o e n c o u ra g e F i l i p in o s c i e nt ists
a b ro a d t o c o m e h o m e a n d w o r k i n t h e P h i l i p p in e s

- D e v e l o p i ng s c i e n c e a n d t e c h n o l o g y p a r k s i n a c a d e m i c
c a m p u s e s t o e n c o u ra g e a c a d e m e a n d i n d u st r y
p a r t n e r sh ip s.

- T h e e st a b l i s hm e nt o f t h e N a t i o n a l S c i e n c e C o m p l e x a n d
N a t i o n a l E n g i n e e r i n g C o m p l e x w i t h i n t h e U n i v e rs it y o f t h e
P h i l i p p i ne s c a m p u s i n D i l i m an .
 The Philippine-American Academy of Science and Engineering (PAASE, 2008)
identified several capacity-building programs such as:

Manpower and institutional

Establishment of national
centers of excellence
development programs, such
Establishment of regional
as the Engineering and Science
centers to support specific
Education Program (ESEP) to
industries.
produce more PhD graduates
in science and engineering .

Establishments of science and

Strengthen science education
technology business centers to
at an early stage through the
assist, advice and incubate
Philippine Science High School
technopreneurships ventures;
System
and
 1. T he cur r ent K to 12 educati on pr ogr am i ncl udes Sci ence,
Technology, Engi neer ing and M athem ati cs ( ST EM).

2. T he C om m i ssion on H i gher Educati on has l aunched i ts

Phi l i ppine -Califor nia Adv anced R esear ch Insti tutes
Other ( PIC AR I) Pr oject to str engthen the ST EM com peti tiveness
of the countr y.

Programs: 3. T he Phi l i ppine C ongr ess has al so cr eated v ar i ous l aws

r el ated to sci ence and technol ogy. T hese l aws v ar y
accor di ng to di fferent them es such as: conser vation,
heal th- r elated, technol ogy - building, and suppor ti ng basi c
r esear ch, am ong other s.
Laws and
The U nited Nations ( UN).
Policies in lined
United Nations E ducational , Scientific and
Cultural Organization ( UNESCO); and
with
A ssociation of Southeast A sian Nations ( A SEAN)

international
treaties:
Famous Filipinos in the Field of
Science

1. Josefino Cacas Comiso -for his

works on obser ving the
characteristics of Antarctica by
using satellite images
2. Ramon Cabanos Barba- for his
outstanding research on tissue
culture in Philippine mangoes
Famous Filipinos in the Field of
Science

3. Jose Bejar Cruz Jr.-known

internationally in the field of
electrical engineering; was elected
as officer of the famous Institute of
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
4. Lourdes Jansuy Cruz -notable for
her research on sea snail venom
Famous Filipinos in the Field of
Science

5. Fabian Millar Dayrit- for his

research on herbal medicine

6. Rafael Dineros Guerrero III-for his

research on tilapia culture
Famous Filipinos in the Field of
Science

7. Lilian Formalejo Patena -for doing

research on plant biotechnology

8. Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr -for

invention of the meconium drugs
testing
Famous Filipinos in the Field of
Science

9. Gregor y Ligot Tangonan -for his

research in the filed of
communications technology

10. Mari-Jo Panganiban Ruiz -for

being an outstanding educator and
graph theorist