Q1.

A student investigated the reactivity of metals with hydrochloric acid.

This is the method used.

1.   Measure 50 cm3 of hydrochloric acid into a polystyrene cup.
2.   Measure the temperature of the hydrochloric acid.
3.   Add one spatula of metal powder to the hydrochloric acid and stir.
4.   Measure the highest temperature the mixture reaches.
5.   Calculate the temperature increase for the reaction.
6.   Repeat steps 1 to 5 three more times.
7.   Repeat steps 1 to 6 with different metals.

The table below shows the student’s results.

 
Temperature increase in °C Mean
temperature
Metal
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 increase in
°C

Cobalt 6 7 5 9 7

Magnesium 54 50 37 55 X

Zinc 18 16 18 20 18

(a)  Calculate the mean temperature increase X for magnesium in the table above.

Do not include the anomalous result in your calculation.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

X = __________ °C
(2)

(b)  Determine the order of reactivity for the metals cobalt, magnesium and zinc.

Use the table above.

 

Most reactive __________________________

_____________________________________

Least reactive __________________________

(1)

(c)  The range of measurements either side of the mean shows the uncertainty in the

Page 1 of 7
 mean temperature increase.

Complete the sentence.

Use the table above.

The mean temperature increase for zinc is 18 ± __________°C

(1)

(d)  What type of variable is the volume of hydrochloric acid in this investigation?

Tick (✓) one box.

 

Control

Dependent

Independent

(1)

(e)  Suggest one way of improving step 3 in the method to give results which are more
repeatable.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(f)  The figure below shows a reaction profile for the reaction of magnesium with
hydrochloric acid.

What do labels A, B and C represent on the figure above?

Page 2 of 7
 Choose answers from the box.
 
activation energy energy overall energy change
products progress of reaction reactants

A _________________________________________________________________

B _________________________________________________________________

C _________________________________________________________________
(3)
(Total 9 marks)

Q2.
Potash alum is a chemical compound.

Potash alum contains potassium ions, aluminium ions and sulfate ions.

(a)  Which two methods can be used to identify the presence of potassium ions in
potash alum solution?

Tick (✓) two boxes.

 

Flame emission spectroscopy

Flame test

Measuring boiling point of solution

Paper chromatography

Using litmus paper

(2)

(b)  Sodium hydroxide solution is used to test for some metal ions.

Sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution of potash alum until a precipitate

forms.

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

 
blue brown green white

The colour of the precipitate formed is ____________________.

(1)

Page 3 of 7
 (c)  Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

 
barium chloride
limewater
solution
red litmus paper silver nitrate solution

Sulfate ions can be identified using dilute hydrochloric acid

and  ______________________________.
(1)

(d)  A solution of potash alum has a concentration of 258 g/dm3

Calculate the mass of potash alum needed to make 800 cm3 of a solution of potash
alum with a concentration of 258 g/dm3

Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Mass (3 significant figures) = _______________ g

(4)
(Total 8 marks)

Q3.
This question is about silver iodide.

Silver iodide is produced in the reaction between silver nitrate solution and sodium iodide
solution.

The equation for the reaction is:

AgNO3(aq) + NaI(aq) → AgI(s) + NaNO3(aq)

(a)  A student investigated the law of conservation of mass.

This is the method used.

1.   Pour silver nitrate solution into a beaker labelled A.
2.   Pour sodium iodide solution into a beaker labelled B.
3.   Measure the masses of both beakers and their contents.

Page 4 of 7
 4.   Pour the solution from beaker B into beaker A.
5.   Measure the masses of both beakers and their contents again.

The table below shows the student’s results.

 
Mass before Mass after mixing
 
mixing in g in g

Beaker A and
78.26 108.22
contents

Beaker B and
78.50 48.54
contents

Explain how the results demonstrate the law of conservation of mass.

You should use data from table above in your answer.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(b)  Suggest how the student could separate the insoluble silver iodide from the mixture
at the end of the reaction.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

The student purified the separated silver iodide.

This is the method used.

1.   Rinse the silver iodide with distilled water.
2.   Warm the silver iodide.

(c)  Suggest one impurity that was removed by rinsing with water.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(d)  Suggest why the student warmed the silver iodide.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(e)  Calculate the percentage atom economy for the production of silver iodide in this

Page 5 of 7
 reaction.

The equation for the reaction is:

AgNO3(aq) + NaI(aq) → AgI(s) + NaNO3(aq)

Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

Relative formula masses:

(Mr): AgNO3 = 170  NaI = 150  AgI = 235  NaNO3 = 85

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Percentage atom economy (3 significant figures) = _______________ %

(4)

(f)  Give one reason why reactions with a high atom economy are used in industry.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 10 marks)

Q4.
This question is about displacement reactions.

(a)  The displacement reaction between aluminium and iron oxide has a high activation
energy.

What is meant by ‘activation energy’?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(b)  A mixture contains 1.00 kg of aluminium and 3.00 kg of iron oxide.

The equation for the reaction is:

 

Page 6 of 7
 2 Al + Fe2O3 → 2 Fe + Al2O3

Show that aluminium is the limiting reactant.

Relative atomic masses (Ar): O = 16  Al = 27  Fe = 56

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(4)

Magnesium displaces zinc from zinc sulfate solution.

(c)  Complete the ionic equation for the reaction.

You should include state symbols.

 

Mg(s) + Zn2+(aq) → _________ + _________

(2)

(d)  Explain why the reaction between magnesium atoms and zinc ions is both oxidation
and reduction.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 9 marks)

Page 7 of 7