CRITICAL READING

PARAGRAPH
TPB With Miss Anjar

01
WE ARE GOING TO LEARN:

Developing Paragraph
(Topic Sentence, Controlling Idea, Identfying the
Topic, Main Idea)

Paragrpah Pattern
(The Types of Paragraph Pattern and Its Placing)

Exercise

02
DEVELOPING PARAGRAPH

What is Paragraph? A good paragraph?

A set of sentences about a A good paragraph contains

topic (subject). its parts are several related sentences that
sentences that carry a main support one main idea, which
idea and supporting ideas. is limited to and focused on
one sentence.

03
 The Topic

A topic has two essential parts: the topic and the controlling idea. The
topic names the subject, or main idea, of the paragraph.

1 paragraph -> 1 topic sentence -> 1 main idea

Example:
Itera is a green campus. It has many trees inside. The air is fresh and the land is huge.
Topic controlling idea

The controlling idea makes a specific comment about the topic, which indicates what
the rest of the paragraph will say about the topic.

Controlling idea will be explained by the supporting sentences/ideas next.

04
 IDENTIFYING THE TOPIC AND THE CONTROLLING IDEA

Mount Lassen 10, 453 feet high, is one of the most active volcanoes in the United States.

The Topic:
Mount Lassen

The Controlling Idea:

10, 453 feet high, is one of the most active volcanoes in the United States.

American scientists are working hard to gather facts about sea turtles called leatherbacks.

The Topic:
sea turtles called leatherbacks

The Controlling Idea:

American scientists are working hard to gather facts about

05
Main idea
The main idea is the subject of the paragraph. It is what the paragraph is about.
Writers may directly state their main ideas or they may imply them.

A directly stated main idea is one that the writers tell you about in a topic sentence.

An implied main idea is just the opposite of a directly stated idea. Writers do not tell
you the main idea in a topic sentence. They give you only the sentences with the
supporting ideas.

06
MAIN IDEA

The example of Directly Stated Main Idea

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane has been given a
special term: it is called osmosis. Osmosis is defined as the net movement of water
molecules from the area of greater concentration of water to the area of lesser
concentration of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

The example of Implied Main Idea

Perhaps the best way to begin reading poetry responsively is not to allow yourself to be intimidated by it.
Come to it, initially at least, the way you might listen to a song on the radio. You probably listen to a song
several times before you hear it at all, before you have a sense of how it works, where it’s going, and how it
gets there. You don’t worry about analyzing a song when you listen to it, even though after repeated
experiences with it you know and anticipate a favorite part and know, on some level, why it works for you.
Give yourself a chance to respond to poetry. The hardest work has already been done by the poet, so all
you need to do at the start is listen for the pleasure produced by the poet’s arrangement of words.

07
Paragraph Pattern
A PARAGRAPH PATTERN IS A PLAN. IT SHOWS
THE PARTS OF A PARAGRAPH AND HOW THEY
ARE PUT TOGETHER.

The three types used most often are these:

• Questions to be answered
• Problems to be solved
• Topics to be discussed
Thank
You