FO Instruction Manual SFe Gas Insulated Switchgear Type: SDF120 Construction and Operation Manual Messrs. PT.PERTAMINA RU-IV CILACAP W.No. A2LC2992E001 a Fuji Electric Co.,Ltd. INB-AK712034 1/45Surge arrester (Lightning arrester) Fig.6.1 shows the cross sectional structure of the surge arrester. ‘The surge arrester consists of zinc oxide (ZnO) element without series gap ‘The specified number of ZnO element are attached linearly and tightened by an insulation bar, and this unit is pressed forcefully by a spring and is housed in the tank. In the tank, SFs gas is sealed. Since the earthing terminals are insulated from the earth by an insulator, discharge current measuring equipment, surge counter and leakage current measuring equipment can be connected. « mM «) oD) ca) NR wen, TERMINAL BOX (SECTION A=A) «a AL No Name No. Name 1_| Tank 5 | Terminal box 2_ | Conductor 6 _| Shield 3 | Absorbent 7 | Bushing insulator 4 [ZnO element — Fig.6.1 Sectional view of the surge arrester INB-AK712034 1313. Measuring equipment for surge arrester Fig.13.1 shows the measuring equipment for surge arrester. Measuring equipment for the surge arrester consist of discharge current recorder, surge counter and terminal for measuring leakage current. Earthing lead of each phase of surge arrester is connected together to the surge counter through each phase of the terminal for measuring leakage current and the discharge current recorder. Terminal for measuring leakage current ae ae ©] To Discharge current recorder —— Surge counter Fig.13.1 Measuring equipment for surge arrester INB-AK712034 31(a) Surge counter ‘The surge counter consists of special resistor, condenser and counter. During the surge arrester is discharging, the counter has high impedance to the surge voltage, the condenser (c) is charged. During the condenser is discharging, the counter has lower impedance than special resistor (R1)+(R2), the counter acts and record the number of the surge arrester's action. Surge arrester side terminal L — R1,R2: Special resistor C: Condenser Counter Auxiliary alarm contact M: Auxiliary alarm relay (A and M are attached depending on needs) ETA garthing terminal Fig.13.2 Advantages 1. The surge counter can act for the current of 50A. 2. For the plural mixed lightning, if the time interval is more than 0.1s, the surge counter certainly acts. INB-AK712034 32() Discharge current recorder (Type VR-DZ) ‘The discharge current recorder was achieved by making a practical application of the theory that the metal foil may be fused off through the action of high temperature caused by arcing. As main parts of this device are shown on Fig.13.3, two terminal blocks A and B are placed on the insulated plate while a metal foil of special shape is connected to the terminal A. Between the metal foil and the terminal B, there is a narrow sparkover gap g to insulate them, so that the metal foil will get fused when discharging takes place there Insulated plate ‘Terminal block Terminal block A B a Metal foil Fig.13.3 Recording plate The electrical equivalent circuit will be shown as Fig.13.4. Namely, when surge current is yielded in the lightning arrester, so terminal voltage appears at both ends of the resistance R, giving rise to discharging at the sparkover gap g (Fig.13.3) on the recording plate to cause fusing of the metal foil depending upon the intensity of the current. INB-AK712034 33The protection gap is provided in consideration of such a case as the arrester is compelled to operate again after the fusing of metal foils has taken place on the recorder plate. While, the parallel resistance R is, added for the purpose of preventing rise of potential at the portion A on the occasion when the body is drawn out for inspection and of such a high capacity as it may give no effect upon ordinary operations of the device. Since the width of g in Fig.13.4 is extremely small value and the sparkover belongs to the creeping one, the discharging function can be carried out even at the height of several hundreds of volts. Surge arrester Protection gap Recording \ plate * Parallel resistance R Fig.13.4 Advantages 1. Maintenance and handling can be done very easily. Since transparent pipe of synthetic resin is adopted to the body, the progress of operation can be readily supervised from outside. Besides, the body itself can be taken apart easily yet safely even in the course of recording in order to replace the recording plate. 2. Measuring device is not needed. In this type VR-DZ surge recorder, however, is no special measuring mechanism is employed and the current value may be directly determined simply from the scaled recording plate, there is almost not any possibility of errors or mistakes to take place at the time of measurement. INB-AK712034 34Maintenance and handling a) (2) (3) ‘The recording plate can register up to two discharge currents. When the arrester operates, the metal foil on one side melts to provide a direct reading. Against a second operation of the arrester, the metal foil on the other side melts and this provides a direct reading of the second impulse current. When both metal foils have been used, replace the recording plate. To replace, remove the transparent plastic holder by pulling it off and replace caps on both ends. Wipe the holder clean occasionally to facilitate a reading from outside, ‘The seals on the recording plate may fade over atime. It is recommendable to replace the recording plate regularly (for example, once a year) even if no discharge is registered. Replacing recording plates (a) (2) (3) Pull the holder in the direction of the arrow. Remove caps on both ends to release the recording plate. Insert a new recording plate into the holder and replace caps on both ends. Then replace the holder back. Recording plate Cap ‘Transparent plastic holder Fig.13.5 INB-AK712034 36(c) Terminal for measuring leakage current Warning 1. Measurement should not be carried out when a thundercloud is generated or circuit breaker is operated. The surge arrester may operate. 2. In the case mistaking the procedure, high voltage may generate. There is a threatening of an electric shock. Surge arrester normally needs no maintenance and no inspection, but for the purpose of measuring the life span of the surge arrester, the leakage current is measured. The measuring should not be carried out when a thundercloud is generated or circuit breaker is operated. ‘Measure the leakage current by the following procedures. 1. Connect an ammeter (rectification type, scale for about 1~3 mA) 2. Loosen the nut (2) and open the shorting bar (3) 3. Read the current value. 4. After measuring, restore the equipments in the reverse order ea (6) =e (1) Bolt (2) Nut (3) at (), (3) Shorting bar (4) Protection gap (5) Ammeter w @ * Leakage current should be i less than 15 times of the eo Tt initial measured value at the time of installation. 3) @ Fig.13.6 Terminal for measuring leakage current ** This procedure is our standard, but leakage current can be measured by using a clamp type ammeter (option) as well. Measure a current of the earthing wire for each phase. (Shown on Fig.13.7.) INB-AK712034 36Terminal box Surge arrester / Leakage current Ammeter (Clamp tester) Earthing wire Measuring equipment. I Fig.13.7 Measurement of leakage current with clamp type ammeter INB-AK712034 37