AUTONOMICS o Clonidine

Adrenergics o Methyldopa
A. Natural catecholamines o Guanabenz
• NE o Guanfacine
• EPI • B- non-selective agonist
• DA o Isorproterenol/isoprenaline
B. Biosynthesis • B1 agonist
• Blocks tyr hydroxylase – metyrosine o Dobutamine
• Blocks VMAT – reserpine • B2 agonist
• Enhances NE exocytosis o SABA
o Tyramine ▪ Salbutamol/albuterol
o Ephedrine ▪ Terbutaline
o Amphetamine, Angiotensin II ▪ Metaproterenol
o Methamphetamine ▪ Pirbuterol
• Blocks NE exocytosis – GGB o LABA
o Guanethidine ▪ Salmeterol
o Guanadrel ▪ Formoterol
o Bretylium ▪ Bambuterol
• Blocks NE reuptake ▪ Indacaterol
o NERI o Tocolytic
▪ Atomoxetine - for ADHD ▪ Ritodrine
▪ Sibutramine - antiobesity ▪ Isoxsuprine
o Cocaine ▪ Terbutaline
o TCA o DA agonist
• Blocks metabolism ▪ Bromocriptine
o MAOIs ▪ Fenoldopam
▪ NS – Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, • Indirect acting agonist
Tranylcypromine o ↑ exocytosis
▪ RIMA (↑NE, Epi, 5HT) – ▪ TEAM
Moclobemide ▪ Modafinil
▪ MAOb inh (↑ DA) – Selegiline, ▪ Methylphenidate
rasagiline ▪ Phenmetrazine
o COMT inh (antiparkinsons) o ╳ reuptake
▪ Entacapone ▪ Cocaine
▪ Tolcapone ▪ Sibutramine
C. Sympathomimetics ▪ Atomoxetine
• Natural catecholamines • Mixed acting agonist (direct + ↑
o NE exocytosis)
o EPI o Ephedrine
o DA o Phenylpropanolamine
• A1 agonist o Mephentermine
o Phenylephrine o Metaraminol
o Methoxamine D. Sympatholytics
o Propyhexedrine • Centrally acting – a2 agonist (CMGG)
o Tetrahydrozoline • Peripheral – adrenergic neuronal
o Oxymetazoline blockers
o Nafazoline o Resperine
• A2 agonist o GGB
o Apraclonidine • Alpha NS blockers
o Brimonidine o Phenoxybenzamine

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 o Phentolamine • Choline esters
• A1 blockers o Non-selective
o Prazosin ▪ Ach
o Terazosin ▪ Carbachol
o Doxazosin ▪ Metacholine
o Alfuzosin o M-selective
o Tamsulosin ▪ Bethanechol
• A2 blocker • Alkaloids
o Yohimbine o NS – arecoline
o Rauwolscine o M-sel – muscarine, pilocarpine
• NS B-blocker o N-sel – nicotine, lobeline, varenicline
o Nadolol • Indirect acting
o Sotalol o reversible
o Timolol ▪ Edrophonium
o Propranolol ▪ Physostigmine
• B1 blocker ▪ Pyridostigmine
o Celiprolol ▪ Neostigmine
o Nebivolol ▪ Ambenonium
o Bisoprolol ▪ Demecarium
o Betaxolol o irreversible
o Esmolol ▪ Echothiophate
o Atenolol ▪ Malathion
o Acebutolol ▪ Parathion
o Metoprolol ▪ Sarin
• BB w/ ISA ▪ Soman
o Carteolol ▪ Tabun
o Acebutolol ▪ Sabin
o Celiprolol o CNS acting
o Pindolol ▪ Tacrine
o Penbutolol ▪ Donepezil
o Labetalol ▪ Galantamine
• BB w/ Membrane Stabilizing Action ▪ Rivastigmine
o Propranolol G. Cholinolytics
o Pindolol • Antimuscarinics
o Acebutolol o Atropine
o Labetalol o CNS
o Metoprolol ▪ Trihexyphenidyl
• BB w/ vasodilation ▪ Benztropine
o A1 blockade ▪ Biperiden
▪ Labetalol ▪ Scopolamine
▪ Carvedilol o Eyes
o ↑ NO2 – Nebivolol ▪ Homatropine
▪ Anistropine
Cholinergic ▪ Cyclopentolate
E. Biosynthesis ▪ Tropicamide
• Blocks uptake of Ach – hemicholinium o Bronchi
• Blocks storage of Ach – vesamicol ▪ Ipratropium
• ↑ Ach exocytosis - ɑ-latrotoxin ▪ Oxytropium
• ↓ Ach exocytosis – botulinum toxin ▪ Tiotropium
F. Cholinomimetics o Gastric
▪ Pirenzepine
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 ▪ Telenzepine ▪ Bilastine
o GIT & urinary bladder ▪ Ebastine
▪ Methscopolamine • H2 blocker
▪ Glycopyrrolate o Cimetidine
▪ HNBB o Famotidine
▪ Dicycloverine o Ranitidine
▪ Oxybutynin o Nizatidine
▪ Scopolamine B. Serotonin
• Nn blockers (ganglion) • Agonists
o Hexamethonium o 5HT1a – Buspirone
o Trimethaphan o 5HT1b/1d
o Mecamylamine ▪ Sumatriptan
• Nm blockers ▪ Naratriptan
o DINSux ▪ Zolmitriptan
o NCRare o 5HT4
▪ Cisapride
AUTACOIDS ▪ Tegaserod
A. Histamine ▪ Prucalopride
• Agonists o Ergot (5HT2a)
o Histamine ▪ Ergotamine
o Betahistine ▪ Ergonovine
• Functional blocker – Epi • Antagonist
• H1 blocker – 1st gen o Cyproheptadine
o Ethanolamine o Phenoxybenzamine
▪ Diphenhydramine o 5HT2 - Ketanserin
▪ Dimenhydrinate o 5HT3
▪ Carbinoxamine ▪ Ondansetron
▪ Doxylamine ▪ Granisetron
o Ethylenediamine ▪ Palonsetron
▪ Pyrilamine o Ergot
▪ Tripelennamine ▪ Methysergide
o Piperazine
▪ Hydroxyzine C. Eicosanoids
▪ Meclizine • Misoprostol/PGE1
▪ Cyclizine • Epoprostenol/PGI2
o Alkylamine • Dinoprostone/PGE2
▪ Chlorpheniramine • Alprostadil/PGE1
▪ Brompheniramine • Latanoprost/PGF2a
o Phenothiazine
▪ Promethazine DRUGS FOR RHEUMATIC DISORDERS
o Piperidine A. Non-narcotic Analgesics
▪ Cyproheptadine • Paracetamol
• H1 blocker – 2nd gen • NSAIDs
o Piperazine o Aspirin & salicylates
▪ Cetirizine o Pyrazolone
▪ Levocetirizine ▪ Phenylbutazone
o Piperidine ▪ Dipyrone
▪ Loratadine ▪ Sulfinpyrazone
▪ Desloratadine ▪ Oxyphenbutazone
▪ Fexofenadine o Indole
o Newer
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 ▪ Indomethacin ▪ Pentazocine
o Pyrrole alkanoic acid Strong FA – morphine, heroin, hydro-,
▪ Tolmetin oxymorphone, methadone, meperidine,
o Phenylacetic levorphanol, fentanyl
▪ True phenylacetates Mild to moderate agonist – codeine, hydro-,
• Sulindac oxycodone, tramadol
• Alclofenac PA – nalBUphine, BUtorphanol, BUprenorphine,
• Diclofenac pentazocine
▪ Acetic acid Antagonist – naloxone, naltrexone, nalorphine,
• Ketorolac nalmefene, levallorphan
• Nabumetone
• Etodolac C. DMARDs
o Fenamates • Methotrexate
▪ Mefenamic acid • Antimalarials
▪ Meclofenamic acid o Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine
▪ Flufenamic acid • Sulfasalazine
o Oxicam o Sulfpyridine
▪ Piroxicam o 5-aminosalicylate/mesalamine
o Propionic acid • Leflunomide (A77 1726)
▪ Ibuprofen • Mycophenolate mofetil
▪ Naproxen • Gold compounds
▪ Flurbiprofen o Aurothiomalate
▪ Ketoprofen o Aurothioglucose
• Selective COX2 – meloxicam o Auranofin
• Specific COX2 • Biologicals
o Celecoxib o Tcell activation inh - Abatacept
o Etoricoxib o Bcell depleting agent - Rituximab
o Valdecoxib o IL-6 inh - Tocilizumab
o Rofecoxib o IL-1 neutralizer – Anakinra
B. Narcotic o TNF-a inhibitor
• Opiates ▪ Adalimumab
o Morphine ▪ Infliximab
o Codeine ▪ Etanercept
o Thebaine • Glucocorticoids
o Papaverine o Prednisone
• Opioids o Methylprednisone
o Semi-synthetic o Dexamethasone
▪ Heroin
▪ Apomorphine DRUGS FOR COAGULATION DISORDERS
▪ Hydromorphone A. Anticoagulants
▪ Oxymorphone • Direct acting
▪ Hydrocodone o Hirudin
▪ Oxycodone o Lepirudin
o Synthetic o Bivalirudin
▪ Methadone o Argatroban
▪ Meperidine/pethidine o Dabigatran – PO
▪ Levorphanol • Indirect acting
▪ Loperamide, diphenoxylate o UFH/HMWH/RH
▪ Tramadol o LMWH
▪ Fentanyl, alfentaly, sulfentanyl ▪ Enoxaparin

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 ▪ Dalteparin E. NPCT inhibitor – Ezetimibe
▪ Tinzaparin
▪ Fondaparinux GOUTY ARTHRITIS DRUGS
o Oral A. Acute gouty arthritis
▪ Apixaban • Colchicine
▪ Rivaroxaban • NSAIDs
▪ Dicumarol o Indomethacin
▪ Phenprocoumon o ASA >3g
▪ Warfarin • Prednisone
B. Antiplatelets B. Chronic gouty arthritis
• TXA2 syn inh – ASA • Colchicine
• ADP inh • Hypouricemic
o Ticlopidine o Allopurinol
o Clopidogrel o Febuxostat
o Ticagrelor – reversible • Uricosuric
• PDE inh o Sulfinpyrazone
o Dipyridamole o Probenecid
o Cilostazol o Penicillamine
• GPIIb/IIIa inh
o Tirofiban
o Abciximab CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS
o Eptifibatide Diuretics
C. Fibrinolytics A. CAI (sulfamoyl)
o Streptokinase • Acetazolamide
o Anistreplase • Dorzolamide
o tPAs • Brinzolamide
▪ natural: alteplase • Dichlorphenamide
▪ synthetic: reteplase B. Loop diuretics
o urokinase • Sulfonamide
D. Pro-thrombotics o Furosemide
o Vit K o Bumetanide
▪ K1 – phytonadione • Sulfonylurea – torsemide
▪ K1 – menaquinone • Phenoxyacetate – ethacrynic acid
▪ K3 – menadione C. Thiazide diuretic
o ε-aminocaproic acid
• Benzothiazides
o aprotinin
o HCTZ
o Chlorthiazide
DRUGS FOR DYSLIPIDEMIA
• Thiazide-like
A. HMG-CoA reductase inh
o Indapamide
• -statins
o Metolazone
o LA – atorvastatin, rosuvastatin
o Chlorthalidone
B. Nicotinic acid
D. K-sparring diuretics
C. Fibric acid derivatives
• Aldosterone antagonist
• Fenofibrates
o Spironolactone
• Clofibrates o Eplerenone
• Gemfibrozil • ENAC inh
D. Bile acid derivatives o Triamterene
• Cholestyramine o Amiloride
• Cholestipol E. Osmotic/aquaretic diuretic – mannitol
• Colesevelam

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Sympathoplegics o Encainide
A. Centrally acting a2 agonist Class II – B-blockers (PEA)
• Clonidine • Penbutolol
• Methyldopa • Esmolol
B. Peripherally acting • Acebutolol
• Reserpine Class III
• GGB • Amiodarone
C. Ganglionic blockers • Dronedarone
• Hexamethonium, trimethaphan, • Sotalol
mecamylamine • Bretylium
D. ɑ blocker • Dofetilide
E. B-blocker • Ibutilide
Class IV – Verapamil
Vasodilators Miscellaneous
A. Pure arteriolar vasodilators • Digoxin
• Minoxidil • Adenosine
• Diazoxide • MgSO4
• Hydralazine
B. Mixed vasodilator Drugs for angina pectoris
• Na nitroprusside – IV A. Nitrates/nitrovasodilators
C. CCBs • Very SA – amyl nitrite
• DHP - -dipines • SA – NTG, ISDN (SL)
o LA – lercanidipine, amlodipine, • IA – NTG SR tab, ISDN tab (PO)
lacidipine • LA – ISMN, ISDN SR tab (PO), NTG
• Verapamil transdermal patch
• Diltiazem B. B-blockers
D. Angiotensin antagonists C. CCBs
• Blocks synthesis
o ACEis Drugs for HF
▪ Non-prodrugs – captopril, A. Inotropic agents
enalaprilat IV, lisinopril • Cardiac glycosides
o Renin inh – aliskiren o Digoxin
• Blocks action o Digitoxin
o ARBs (-sartans, saralosin) • B1 agonists
o Dopamine, dobutamine
Drugs for Arrythmia • Bipyridines/PDE-3 inh
Class I o Inamrinone
• Ia – DQP o Milrinone
o Disopyramide
o Quinidine ENDOCRINOLOGY
o Procainamide Hypothalamic-pituitary
• Ib – TMLP A. GH deficiency
o Tocainide • Somatropin
o Mexiletine • Somatrem
o Lidocaine • IGF-1 agonist – mecasermin
o Phenytoin B. GH excess
• Ic – MFPE • Somatostatin
o Moricizine • Octreotide
o Flecainide • Lanreotide
o Propafenone • GH receptor antagonist – pegvisomant
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 C. GnRH analogs
• Gonadorelin Pancreatic
• Goserelin A. Insulin
• Leuprolide Ultra RA Lispro
• Boserelin Aspart
• Histrelin Glulisine
• Nafarelin SA Regular/semi-lente
• Triptorelin IA NPH. Isophane, lente
D. Posterior pituitary LA Glargine, detemir
• Oxytocin
• Vasopressin B. Insulin secretagogues
o SIADH • Sulfonylureas
▪ Conivaptan o 1st gen
▪ Tolvaptan ▪ Chlorpropamide
o DI ▪ Tolbutamide
▪ Central – desmopressin, ▪ Acetohexamide
vasopressin ▪ Tolazamide
▪ Nephrogenic – thiazide o 2nd gen
diuretics ▪ Glimepiride
▪ Glipizide
Adrenal ▪ Glibenclamide
A. Glucocorticoids ▪ Glyburide
SA <12h IA 12-36h LA >36h ▪ Gliclazide
Cortisone Paramethaso Betamethaso • Meglitinide
Hydrocortiso ne ne o Repaglinide
ne Fluprednisolo Beclamethaso o Nateglinide
Pred-- ne ne C. Biguanides
Triamcinolon • Metformin
e • Phenformin
D. ɑ-glucosidase inhibitor
B. Mineralocorticoid • acarbose
• Aldosterone • voglibose
• Fludrocortisone • miglitol
• Hyperaldosteronism – spironolactone E. thiazolidinediones/PPAR-ɣ
• pioglitazone
Thyroid • rosiglitazone
A. Hypothyroidism F. incretin analogs
• Liothyronine/LT3 • GLP-1 agonist
• Levothyroxine/LT4 o Exenatide
B. Hyperthyroidism o Liraglutide
• Thionamides o Lixisenatide
o PTU • DPP-4 inh
o Methimazole o Sitagliptin
• Inorganic anion o Saxagliptin
o Perchlorate o Vildogliptin
o Thiocyanate o Linagliptin
• KISS G. SGLT2 inhibitor
• B-blockers – propranolol, carvedilol • Canagliflozin
• Dexamethasone • Dapagliflozin
• Radioactive iodine • Empagliflozin

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 C. Expectorant – guaifenesin
Gonadal D. Antitussive/anticough
A. Estrogen • Peripheral – butamirate citrate
• Natural estrogen • Centrally acting
o Estrone o Narcotic – codeine, noscapine
o Estrdiol o Non-narcotic – dextromethorphan
o Estriol Bronchospastic d/o
• Semi-synthetic and synthetic A. BA
o DES • SABA
o Ethinyl estradiol o Salbutamol
• SERM o Terbutaline
o Tamoxifen • LABA
o Raloxifene o Salmeterol
o Clomiphene citrate o Formoterol
• Aromatase inhibitor o Bambuterol
o Anastrazole • Methylxanthine
o Theophylline
B. Progesterone o Aminophylline
• Medroxyprogesterone acetate • Antimuscarinic
• Levonorgestrel o SAMA - Ipratropium
o LAMA
C. Testosterone ▪ Tiotropium
• 5a-reductase inh ▪ Glycopyrconium
o Finasteride ▪ Umeclinidium
o Dutasteride • Mast cell stabilizer
• Androgen antagonist o Cromolyn Na
o Flutamide o Nedocromil
o Bicalytamide • Anti-inflammatory agents
o LOX inhibitor – Zileuton
PULMONARY DISORDERS o LTC4/LTD4 antagonist - -lukasts
Colds • Glucocorticoids
A. Acute rhinitis/common cold o Inhalational – budesonide,
• Nasal decongestants fluticasone
o A1 agonist – phenylephrine, o Sys oral – prednisone
oxymetazoline o Sys parenteral – hydrocortisone,
o A2 agonist – apraclonidine, methylprednisone
brimonidine
• Intranasal steroids CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS
B. Allergic rhinits Cytotoxic agents
• Antihistamine A. Direct DNA Acting
o Less sedating – cetirizine • Alkylating agents
o Non-sedating – loratadine, o Pt cmpds
fexofenadine, bilastine ▪ Cisplatin
▪ Carboplatin
Cough o Nitrogen mustard
A. Mucoregulators ▪ Mechlormethamine
• Bromhexine o Busulfan
• Ambroxol o Cyclophosphamide
• Carbocisteine o Ifosfamide
B. Mucolytics – NAC • Topoisomerase inhibitor

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 o Antibiotic o Droperidol
▪ Bleomycin o Haloperidol
▪ Mitomycin B. Atypical antipsychotic – zapine, xapine,
o Anthracycline peridone
▪ Doxorubicin • Clozapine
▪ Epirubicin • Aripiprazole
o Podophyllotoxin • Olanzapine
▪ Etoposide • Risperidone
▪ Teniposide • Ziprasidone
o Camptothecins • Quetiapine
▪ Irinotecan
▪ Topotecan Mood disorders
A. SSRIs
B. Indirect DNA acting • Fluoxetine
• Antimetabolite • Sertraline
o Methotrexate • Escitalopram
o 5-FU • Citalopram
o Hydroxyurea B. Traditional/first-gen antidepressant
• Antimitotic • TCA
o Vinca o Imipramine
o Taxanes o Amitryptiline
• Tetracyclic antidepressant
Hormones & antagonists
o Bupropion
• SERM – tamoxifen
• NS MAOI – PIT
• Aromatase inh – anastrazole C. 2nd-gen antidepressant
• 5a reductase inh – finasteride, • Trazodone
dutasteride D. Others
• Androgen antagonist – flutamide, • RIMA – moclobemide
bicalytamide
• SNRI
o Duloxetine
Targeted therapy
o Venlafaxine
• MAB
o Anti-EGF Bipolar disorder
▪ Cetuximab
• Lithium
o Anti-vascular EGF
• Carbamazepine
▪ Bevacizumab
• Valproic acid
o Vs. Her2/neV + breast CA
▪ Trastuzumab
Anxiety d/o
• Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
A. BZDs
o Imatinib
• SA – midazolam, triazolam
• IA – lorazepam, alprazolam, clonazepam
NEUROLOGIC & PSYCHITARIC D/O
Pyschosis • LA – diazepam, flunitrazepam,
A. Typical antipsychotics – azine, thixene, chlordiazepoxide
peridol B. BBs
• Phenothiazine • Ultra SA – thiopental
o Chlorpromazine • SA – pentobarbital, secobarbital,
o Thioridazine hexobarbital
o Fluphenazine • IA – amobarbital, butabarbital
• Butyrophenone • LA – phenobarbital
C. Others
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 • 5HT1a partial agonist - Buspirone • Opioids – neurolept anesthesia
• Zolpidem (fentanyl + droperidol + nitrous oxide)
C. Local anesthesia
Seizures • Ester – 1I
A. Traditional/classical anticonvulsants • Amides – 2I
• Phenytoin
• Carbamazepine GIT DRUGS
• Phenobarbital Acid-related d/o
• Valproic acid A. PPI
• Ethosuximide • Omeprazole
B. Newer agents • Esomeprazole
• GABA analogs B. H2 blocker
o Gabapentin • Cimetidine
o Pregabalin • Ranitidine
• Lamotrigine • Famotidine
• Levetiracetam • Nizatidine
• Topiramate C. M1 blocker
• Pirenzepine
Parkinson’s Disease • Telenzepine
A. Levodopa/carbidopa D. Antacids
B. DA agonist • Systemic – NaHCO3
• Ergot derivatives • Non-systemic – Al(OH)3, Mg(OH)2
o Bromocriptine E. Mucosal protectant
o Pergolide • Sucralfate
• Non-ergot • Bi subsalicylate
o Ropinirole, pramipexole • Rebamipide
C. MAO B inh – selegiline • Alginate
D. COMT – entacapone, tolcapone
E. Amantadine Constipation
F. Anticholinergic A. Bulk forming laxative
• Biperiden • Psyllium
• Benztropine B. Osmotic laxative
• Trihexyphenidyl • Lactulose
C. Stimulant laxative
Anesthetics • Senna
A. Inhalational general • Bisacodyl
• Nitrous oxide • Castor oil
• Desflurane D. Stool softener
• Sevoflurane • Docusate Na
• Isoflurane
• Enflurane Diarrhea
• Halothane • ORS
• Methoxyflurane – most potent, toxic • ZnSO4 – children
B. IV general • Probiotic
• BZD short acting • Antidiarrheals
• BB – thiopental o Atropine
• Ketamine o Opioids
• Propofol ▪ Diphenoxylate
• Dexmedetomidine ▪ Loperamide
o Racecadotril
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