Vanessa Rullan Aguirre

Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

Embedded/
Indirect Question
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601
Class 1: Indirect question
Today is Tuesday 21th, 2023
Function: Lear about indirect questions

QUESTIONS FORM

Direct questions: What the time is it?

Are the normal questions that we can ask friends, family members,
and people people who we know well.

Indirect questions: are more polite and formal way to ask questions. We use them when
talking to a person we don't know very well, or profesionak situations.

INDIRECT QUESTIONS PHRASES

• Do you know sabes
• Can you tell me.. Puedes decirme
• Could you tell me..
• Do you have any idea tienes alguna idea
• I would like to know
QUESTIONS FORM
Aims: to review diferent questions forms, and practice using them.

YES/NO questions
The expected answer is yes or no
Do you like football?

WH-questions
Are opens questuions. We form them with questions word or phrases who what where
how old, etc.

DIRECTA: Does teacher like dogs?

INDIRECTA: Do you know teacher likes a dogs?

VERB TO BE
DIRECT:
Verbo antes del sujeto
INDIRECT:
Verbo después del sujeto
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

Class 2: Review inderect questions

Today is Friday 24th, 2023
Function: Review indirect questions

Indirect question phrase + question word + subjet + verb?

Do you know if the game has started?
whether the game has started?
Indirect question phrase Noun clause (statement word order)

Task 1: Study the following examples.

Where is the docent? DIRECT

Can you tell me where the docent is? INDIRECT
In indirect questions with is/are, the verb (is) comens after the subject (Market Street).

What do you like about the museum? DIRECT

I wonder what you like about the museum. INDIRECT
In indirect questions, we don't use the auxiliary verbs do/does/did. Also, you can see that
the verb is "open" in the direct question, and "opens" in the indirect question.

¬ For questions with simple past tense, we do not use the auxiliary "did" but we use the
verbs in past forms. Look at the two examples.

¬ Question Order: Where did you buy these shoes from?

¬ Sentence Order: You bought these shoes.
¬ Indirect Question: Can you tell me where you bought these shoes from?
Verb in simple past

¬ Question Order: Did you see Mr. Evans yesterday?

¬ Sentence Order: You saw Mr. Evans yesterday?
¬ Indirect Question: Can you tell me if you saw Mr. Evans yesterday?
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

Class 3: Exercises of Indirect question

Today is Tusday 28th, 2023

Presente simple - 'could you tell me'

1. Where does she play tennis? - Where she plays tennis - Could you tell me where
she plays tennis?
2. Does he live in Paris? - he lives in Paris - Could you tell me if he lives in Paris?
3. Is she hungry? - she is hungry - Could you tell me if she is hungry?
4. What is this? - what this is- Could you tell me what this is?
5. Do they work in Canada? - they work in Canada - Could you tell me if they work in
Canada?
6. When do John and Luke meet? - When John and Luke meet - Could you tell me
when John and Luke meet?
7. Is he a lawyer? - He is a lawyer - Could you tell me if he is a lawyer?
8. When is the party? - When the party is- Could you tell me when the party is?
9. Do they often go out? - They often go out- Could you tell me if they often go out?
10. What does he do at the weekend - What he does at the weekend- Could you tell
me what he does at the weekend?
ABIERTA
CERRADA lleva IF
Pasado simple - use 'do you know'
1. Did she go out last night? - She went out last night- Do you know if she went out
last night?
2. Where did she meet her brother? - Where she met her brother - Do you know
where she met her brother?
3. How was the film? - How the film was- Do you know how the film was?
4. Was David the first to arrive? - David was the first to arrive- Do you know if David
was the first to arrive?
5. Did Lucy work at home yesterday? - Lucy worked at home yesterday- Do you
know if Lucy work at home yesterday?
6. What was the problem? - What the problem- Do you know what the problem?
7. Who did we see at the party? - Who we saw at the party- Do you know who we
saw at the party?
8. Did Zac call his mum yesterday? - Zac call his mum yesterday - Do you know Zac
call his mum yesterday?
9. Were they at the beach?- They were at the beach- Do you know they were at the
beach?
10. Where was the class? - Where the class was - Do you know where the class was?
Desaparece el auxiliar
Meet - Met
See - Saw
Go - Went

Do you think...
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

Reported speech:
request and commands
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601
Class 3: Reported speech
Today is Tusday 28th, 2023
Function: Reported speech

We use reported speech when we want to repeat what someone had previously said.
Cuando queremos repetir algo que dijo otra persona. Citar.

SHE TOLD ME THAH ...

(Reported speech)

Se trabaja con object pronoun

I-Me
You-You
He-Him
She-Her
We-Us
They-Them
Direct Speech Reported
| |
Exact Words General Meaning
He said, "I am busy" He said he was busy.

Indirect speech (also called reported speech)

We often use indirect speech when we gossip with friends, family and others.

She told me ...

She said that she...
Tres tipos:
1. Requests and Commands. Dos tipos: Affirmative/Negative.
Se usa tell, pero en pasado told
There is no backsift of tenses with commands/requests
FORM:
Affirmative commands ---> to + infinitive
Negative commands ---> not + to + infinitive
AFFIRMATIVE COMMANDS
Direct Speech ---> Dad: "Do your homework."
Reported Speech ---> Dad told me to do my homework.
NEGATIVE COMMANDS
Direct Speech ---> Teacher: "Don't talk to your friend."
Reported Speech ---> The teacher told me not to talk to my friend.
2. Statements
3. Questions
ESTRUCTURA:
Subject + told + noun / object pronoun + to infinitive (verb)

What is an infinitive?
It is when we hav the preposition to and a verb in its base form.
To walk
To study
To sleep
To be

Class4: Reported, Requests and command

Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601
Reporting requests
A request is when somebody asks you politely to do something. Generally, this person
addresses to you with the word "please".
We usually introduce reported requests with the verb "ask". Look at the following
example:

Show me your license, pleace.

Request ---> The police officer asked the driver to show him his license.

Don't smoke, please!

---> Kristen told her friend not to smoke.

Go to your room!
---> The father told his son to go to his room.

Please, breath deeply.

---> the doctor asked her to breath please.

Don't eat my carrot!

---> The rabit told us not to eat its carrot.

Please do not feed the animals!

Help your mother!

---> He told him/his son to help his mother.

Don't kiss my hand!

---> the pope told the woman not to kiss his hand.

Activity 1:
tivity 1:
A. "Make some coffee, Bob", Carol said. (ask)
---> Carol asked Bob to make some coffee.
B. "You must do the homework soon, Jane", she said. (tell)
---> She told Jane to do her homework soon.
C. "Remember to buy a map, Ann" he said. (remind)
---> He remined Ann to buy a map.
D. "You should see a doctor, Mrs Clark", he said. (advise)
---> He advised her to see a doctor.
E. "Keep all the windows closed, Bill" they said. (warn)
---> They warned Bill to keep all the window closed.
F. "Go home, Paul", Francis said. (Tell)
---> Francis told him to go home.
G. "Please stay for supper, Bob", he said. (Try to persuade)
---> he told bob to stay for dinner
Activity 2:
1. She told him not to be funny.
2. She said to be a good girl and sit quietly for five minutes.
3. My mom told me not to take off my coat.
4. She told me not to forget to thank Mrs. Jones when you say goodbye to her.
5. He told me to stop her dog.
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

Reported speech
statements
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601
Class 5: Reporting Statements
Today is March 7th, 2023
Function: Reporting Statements

Common Reporting Verbs: SAY and TELL

Say or tell
Tell-->+ el oyente
Say--> no se menciona el oyente

CHANGES VERB TENSES

• Simple present -> Simple past
• Present continuos -> past continuos
• Simple past -> Past perfect
• Present perfect -> Past perfect
• Past perfect -> past perfect
• Future -> Conditional
• Imperative -> to-infinitive
PRESENT SIMPLE, PRESENT CONTINUOS AND PRESENT PERFECT
When we backshift, present simple changes to past simple, present continuos changes
to past continuos and present perfect changes to past perfect.

Present simple
• I travel a lot in my job.
Past simple
• Jamilia said that she travelled a lot in her job.
Present continuos
• The baby's sleeping
Past continuos
• He told me that baby was sleeping.
Present perfect
• I've hurt my leg
Past perfect
• She said she'd hurt leg.

PAST SIMPLE, AND PAST CONTINUOS

When we backshiff, past simple changes to past perfect simple and past continuos
changes to past perfect continuos.
Past simple
• We lived in china for 5 years
Past perfect simple
• She told me they had lived in china for 5 years
Past continuos
• It was raining all day!
Past perfect continuos
• He told me it had been raining all day.
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

WHEN TRANSFORMING STATEMENTS, CHECK IF YOU HAVE TO CHANGE

• Pronouns
1. Los pronombres personales y los adjetivos o pronombres posesivos de 1° y 2°
persona cambian según quien habla, pero los de 3ra persona no cambian.
- “I am waiting for my sister” Bill said.
- Bill said (that) he was waiting for his sister.
2. Las expresiones de tiempo y de lugar.
• Place and Time Expressions

PLACE
Here There
This town/ garden… That town/ garden…
These cities/… Those cities/…

DIRECT SPEECH RETHESE PORTED SPEECH

Now Then
Today, tonight That day, that night
Tomorrow The next day/ the following day/ the day
after
Yesterday The day before/ the previous day
Tonight That night
Next week/month/year The following week/ month/year
Last week/month/year The previous week/month/year
A month/a week ago The previous month/week
Here There
This/that The
These Those

TENSES:
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601
Podemos contar lo que alguien dijo de dos maneras:
DIRECTO: REPITIENDO SUS PALABRAS EXACTAS.
INDIRECTO: CONTANTO LA IDEA PERO NO LAS PALABRAS EXACTAS

En el estilo directo se utilizan comillas y mayúsculas al empezar la cita, pero en el estilo

indirecto:
- No hay comillas
- La frase comienza con: say, tell, ask, advise, explain, order, etc.
- El tiempo de la narración da un salto hacia atrás si el verbo inicial va en
pasado.
- Las palabras que indican lugar o tiempo, los pronombres personales y
posesivos, los demostrativos, etc. cambian lógicamente.
- Las preguntas dejan de serlo.
ACTIVITY 1: REPORTED SPEECH

1. I’M GOING TO IMPROVE THE TRAFFIC IN THE CITY THIS

VERY MONTH. He said that he was going to improve the
traffic in the city that very month.
2. I WILL PAY HIGHER SALARIES. He said that he would pay
higher salaries.
3. I’M GOING TO CLEAN UP THE PARKS THIS YEAR. He said
that he was going to clean up the parks that year.
4. I WILL BUILD A NEW BRIDGE OVER THE RIVER. He said
that he would build a new bridge over the river.
5. I’M GOING TO RESTORE THE CASTLE. He said that he
would restore the castle.
6. I WILL BUY NEW BUSES FOR THE CITY TRANSPORT. He
said that he would buy new buses for the city transport.
7. I’M GOING TO ELIMINATE POLLUTION. He said that he was
going to eliminate pollution.
8. I’M NOT HERE TO GET RICH. He said that he wasn’t here to
get rich.
9. I WILL WORK HARD FOR THE CITY. He said that he would
work hard for the city.
ACTIVITY 2: GAME

• Liked
• Was
• Played
• Was walking
• Liked
• Would buy
• Was
• Would go
• Had walked
• Had cleaned
• Would finish
• Had cooked
• Had visited
• Had built
• Was taking
• Would send
• Did
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

Reported speech:
questions
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601
Class 5: Reported Questions

Today is March 7th, 2023

Function: Reported questions

We usually introduce reported questions with the verb ask.

In reported questions we don’t have a questions structure, now we have a statement
word order.

TWO KINDS OF REPORTING QUESTIONS

YES/NO QUESTIONS: ask + if/whether + subject + verb + complement

WH-QUESTIONS: ask + wh + subject + verb + complement

DIRECT QUESTIONS: “are you tired?”

Turn to indirect questions
INDIRECT QUESTIONS: I wonder if you are tired.
Turn into reported speech.
REPORTED QUESTIONS: He asked if I was tired.

ACTIVITY 1: Reported speech – past intro verb

Do you know?
-I asked him if he knew
Where are you going?
-he asked her where she was going
Did you believe me?
-I wanted to know if you had believed me.
How are you?
-He asked me how I was.
Is Ann sleeping?
-I asked if Ann was sleeping.
Were you watching TV?
-He asked me if I had been watching TV.
Can they come?
-I wondered if they could come.
Who did you meet?
-They asked me who I had met.
Did Mary go?
-She asked whether Mary had gone.
Will you go?
-They asked me_whether i would go.
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

Causatives Forms
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601
Class 6: CAUSATIVE FORM
Today is Friday, March 10th, 2023
Function: In this lesson, you will learn about the causative form (GET/HAVE
something DONE)

To specify you are going to pay for the service or that someone else is going to do
the things for you.

PERSON + HAVE OR GET + THE OBJECT + VERB IN PAST PARTICIPLE

HAVE/GET something done

A month ago James painted his house. But… it was a disaster!!!

So he decided to call a professional painter. Last Sunday, James had/got his house
painted.

CAUSATIVE FORM
You can use have/get something done in variety of tenses:
• Have something done
• Get something done
We can use this verb only in informal conversation.

I have my car repaired.

I had my car repaired.
I will my can repaired.
I’d have my car repaired if I had enough money.

The mechanic repairs her car.

She has her car repaired (by mechanic)
She gets her car repaired (by the mechanic)
She has the mechanic repair her car.
She gets the mechanic to repair her car.
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601
Have/get something done
- Brian will fix his bike tomorrow.
- I am removing my wisdom tooth on Friday.
- My boss types his letters.

ACTIVIDAD 1:
The optician checked my sight last month.
- I had my sight checked last month.
Someone is repairing my TV right now.
- I am getting my TV repaired right now.
Carla will dye my hair next week.
- I will have my hair dyed next week.
Someone should shorten your dress for the wedding.
- You should get your dress shortened for the wedding.
The buldiers can’t build my house until next year.
- I can’t have my house built until next year.
The housekeeper has cleaned my hotel room thoroughly.
- I have had my room cleaned thoroughly.
My students usually rub out the blackboard before the class.
- I usually get the blackboard rubbed out before the class.
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601
Class 7: CAUSATIVE FORM
Today is March 14th, 2023

Act: 1
Kim had his ears checked yesterday.
We have our house cleaned every week.
They will have our door fixed tomorrow.
I got my water spout repaired.
Act: 2
1. Charles had (have) his house painted (paint) last week.
2. They haven't had (not have) their TV fixed (fix) yet.
3. Lisa may have (may have) her hair cut (cut) this afternoon.
4. Susan is having (have) a picture drawn (draw) at the moment.
5. I am going to get (get) a dress made (make) for the party.
6. Helena wasn't at school last week so she didn't get (not get) her photo taken
(take) with the class.
7. John had (have) his hair cut (cut) last week.
8. The girls haven't got (not get) their bicycles fixed (fix) yet.
9. Jane (should have) her eyes checked (check).
10. Pam is having (have) her house painted (paint)
11. The car is dirty. We (must get) it (wash) today.
12. Ann dosen't have (not have) her house clean(clean) every day.
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

Writings
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

CLASS 7: ADJETIVE AND PREPOSITION COLOCATION

Today is March 14th, 2023

Preposition: OF
• Afraid/frightened of something.
My dad is afraid of spiders.
I afraid of
Proud --> orgulloso
Preposition: WITH
• Bored with something. I never get bored with watching TV.
• Fed up with something. I'm fed up with the weather, it never stops raining!
• Careless with something. He's careless with his money.
• Disgusted
• impressed
Ben was surprised at the news he heard.
Preposition: ABOUT
• Excited about something.
• Anxious about something.
• Embarassed
• angry
Preposition: IN
• Interested in something.
Preposition: ON
• Keen on something.
He's keen on eating Chinese food!

ACTIVITY:
I am angry with my brother Tom.
I am proud of my dog.
Megan is excited about her first day at school.
We are late for school.
You should be ashamed of yourselves.
Ben was surprised at the news he Heard.
Tom is extremely embarrassed about his test sore.
I am never bored with my Daddy.
Jane is fond of chocolate.
Sam is disgusted with the worms.
What is he angry about?
Why is Ted so furious? He’s just jealous of Betty.
Are you impressed with my new outfit?
Bobby is always envious of my new toys.
He thinks that he is popular with us, guys…
I’m fed up with answering your stupid questions every day.
Why is she so suspicious of me?
What’s wrong with me?
Martin seems to be confused about where to go.
Are you scared of spiders? I’m terrified of them!
They say this part of town is always crowded with people.
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

CLASS 8: Act: Adjetive and preposition collocation

Today is March 17th, 2023

1. Of
2. For
3. With
4. With
5. About
6. About
7. At
8. .
9. .
10. .
11. .
12. about
13. of
14. with
15. At
16. At

Entrevista a Agustín:
Interview with Agustín:
1. He is good at editing videos.
2. He cares about the thesis.
3. He is angry with himself.
4. His country is famous for tacos and piñatas.
5. He is fed up with school.
6. He is interested in video games and movies.
7. He is not allergic at all to any food.
8. He is happy about alive.

I'm going to talk about my classmate Agustín.

Part 1: He told me that he is good at editing videos. Currently his biggest worry about is thesis
writing. He told me that he is angry about himself. He also told us that his country is famous for
tacos and piñatas. He is fed up with school and his interested in videogames and cinema. He told
me that he is not allergic to any food. He said he is happy about to be alive...
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601
CLASS 8: Act: Adjetive and preposition collocation
Today is March 21th, 2023

Entrevista a Agustín:

Part 2: ...He told me that he was very good at improvising in complicated situations; however, he
was bad at oil painting. He was grateful for his parents, although, he was dissatisfied with his life.
He was currently responsible for conducting two interviews in a magazine with some personalities
of the Mexican film industry. He said that he didn't have close relationships with many people, so he
told me that he had only two close relations. Also, he was excited about traveling to Rome this
summer. He told that he had participated in a magazine, but now he may participate at school
radio station.
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601

CLASS 8: Act: Adjetive and preposition collocation

Today is March 21th, 2023
VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS COLLOCATIONS

AFTER -------- -ING

Read the examples and make up your own:
• I went out after having a shower.
• I’ll decide after listening what you have to say.
• I made a loto f Friends after moving here.
• You’re allowed to watch TV only after doing your homework.
BEFORE --------- -ING
• You shouldn’t cross the Street before looking both ways.
• Don’t take this medicine before eating something first.
• She always takes a shower before having breakfast.
• I never invest my money before analyzing the risk.
BY ------------- -ING
• She got the promotion by working hard.
• I learn faster by taking notes.
• She lost several Friends by betraying them.
• You’ll recover son by resting and relaxing.
ON ------------- -ING
• Let’s see her reaction on hearing the news.
• If he doesn’t answer you call, keep on trying.
• Dad is hooked on watching old movies.
• I’ll work on improving my oral skills.
WITHOUT----------- -ING
• She lied without blinking.
• You have to read without stopping.
• He left the party without saying goodbye.
• I’m surprised that she accepted the decisión without complaining.
OF --------------- -ING
• She was afraid of making the wrong decisión.
• I’m tired of listening to his lies.
• Chris is found of going to the beach.
• She is proud of getting the promotion.
AT ------------- -ING
• She is Good at telling lies.
• I’m bad at keeping secrets.
• The kid wasn’t happy at seeing the dentist.
• Joe is terrible at making decisions.
ABOUT ------------------- -ING
• Anna is crazy about eating sweets.
• The kids are excited about getting new bikes.
• They are glad about getting married so soon.
• I’m sorry about leaving you there.
FOR ------------------------ -ING
• Theo is famous for cheating on his girlfriends.
• Bea is sorry for forgetting to invite you.
• They were arrested for robbing a bank.
• He was fired for sleeping at work.
TO --------------------------- -ING
• We are used to drinking alcohol.
• I’m looking forward to traveling on vacation.
Vanessa Rullan Aguirre
Lengua extranjera V
Artes visuals 601
• You should get used to taking jokes.
• Most citizens are opposed to paying more taxes.
IN ------------------------ -ING
• I’m not interested in renting a house in this neighborhood.
• She has difficulty in Reading aloud.
• We don’t believe in falling in love at the first sight.
• He didn’t succeed in asking her out.
OTHER PREPOSITIONS------------------ -ING
• They decided against giving me the raise.
• We all agreed with sharing the Bill.
• There’s a choice between renting a car or taking a cab.