General Biology 2 -Quarterly Examination (Essay, 10 points)

Differentiate the following:

Osmotic Pressure and Hydrostatic Pressure

 Osmotic pressure is the pressure caused by a difference in the amounts of
solutes (or molecules) between solutions (or fluids) separated by a
semipermeable membrane. In essence, the osmotic pressure is the pressure
needed to stop the flow of water or osmosis, while Hydrostatic Pressure
refers to the pressure that any fluid in a confined space exerts. If fluid is in a
container, there will be some pressure on the wall of that container.
Simple Diffusion and Facilitated Diffusion
 A Simple Diffusion is a form of diffusion that does not require the assistance
of membrane proteins. In essence, the particle or substance moves from
higher to lower concentration. However, its movement does not need a
membrane protein that will help substances to move downhill. However,
Facilitated diffusion is the diffusion of solutes through transport proteins in
the plasma membrane. Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport.
Even though facilitated diffusion involves transport proteins, it is still
passive transport because the solute is moving down the concentration
gradient.
Intracellular Fluid and Extracellular Fluid
 The intracellular fluid is the fluid contained within cells. The extracellular
fluid—the fluid outside the cells—is divided into that found within the blood
and that found outside the blood; the latter fluid is known as the interstitial
fluid, different with Extracellular Fluid a body fluid that is not contained in
cells. It is found in blood, in lymph, in body cavities lined with serous
(moisture-exuding) membrane, in the cavities and channels of the brain and
spinal cord, and in muscular and other body tissues.