PAST PERFECT TENSE (QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH)

1. Structure:
(+) S had + Vpp…
(-) S had + not + Vpp
(?) Had + S + Vpp..?
Eg: I had gone to HCMC by the time I graduated. ( tôi đã đến HCM tính đến lúc tôi tốt nghiệp)
She hadn’t met my brother before he came here. (Cô ấy chưa có gặp anh trai tôi trước khi anh ấy đến
đây)
2. Usage:
- Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra trước 1 thời điểm hoặc 1 hành động khác trong quá khứ.
- dùng trong cđk loại 3, câu ước (thể giả định)
Eg: I (have) breakfast after I (brush) my teeth.
Had – had brushed
3. Signals (dấu hiệu)
- before
- after
-when
- by (the time) + mốc quá khứ/ mệnh đề quá khứ đơn, QKHT: tính đến….
Eg: By 2009, I had lived here for 10 years.
By the time you (come) back, they ( go) home.

Exercise 1: Chia động từ ở các câu sau đây.

1. They (go) ……………..home after they (finish) ………………… their work.
2. She said that she (already, see) ……………………. Dr. Rice.
3. After taking a bath, he (go) ………………………….. to bed.
4. He told me he (not/eat) ………………………… such kind of food before.
5. When he came to the stadium, the match (already/ begin) ………………………………….
6. Before she (watch) ………………….. TV, she (do) ………………. homework.
7. What (do) …………….. he before he went to the airport?
8. After they (go) ………………………, I (sit) ……………….. down and (watch)…………..TV.
9. Yesterday, John (go) ………………….. to the store before he (go) ………………… home.
10. She (win) ………………………. the gold medal in 1986.
Exercise 2: Viết lại câu dựa vào những từ cho sẵn.
1. David had gone home before we arrived.
=> After…………………………………………………………………………………….
2. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops.
=> Before……………………………………………………………………………………
3. The light had gone out before we got out of the office.
=> When…………………………………………………………………………………….
4. After she had explained everything clearly, we started our work.
=> By the time …………………………………………………………………………….
5. My father had watered all the plants in the garden by the time my mother came home.
=> Before………………………………………………………………………………….
Exercise 3: Mỗi câu sau chứa một lỗi sai. Tìm và sửa chúng.
1. Before they came to visit my grandparents, I have already cleaned the house.
2. After Jimmy had gone home, I was doing the shopping.
3. She had come to the cinema before I do.
4. When they arrived, John goes away.
5. I had prepared for the exam and am ready to do well.
Exercise 4. Chọn dạng đúng của động từ để hoàn thành câu
1. They (come) …………….. back home after they (finish) ………………… their work.
2. She said that she ( meet) ……………………. Mr. Bean before.
3. Before he (go) ………………………….. to bed, he (read) ………………………… a novel.
4. He told me he (not/wear) ………………………… such kind of clothes before.
5. When I came to the stadium, the match (start) ………………………………….
6. Before she (listen) ………………….. to music, she (do)……………………. her homework.
7. Last night, Peter (go) ………………….. to the supermarket before he (go) ………………… home
Exercise 5. Đọc các tình huống sau. Hoàn thành các câu sau sử dụng từ cho trước
1. You went to Sue's house, but she wasn't there. (she/ go/ out)
-> ………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. You went back to your home town after many years. It wasn't the same asbefore. (it/ change/ a lot)
-> ………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. I invited Rachel to the party, but she couldn't come. (she/ arrange/ to do something else)
-> ………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. You went to the cinema last night. You got to the cinema late. (the film/ already/ begin)
-> ………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. It was nice to see Dan again after such a long time. (I/ not/ see/ him for five years)
-> ………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. I offered Sue something to eat, but she wasn't hungry. (she/ just/ have breakfast)
-> …………………………………………………………………………………………