ASIAN COUNTRY

BHUTAN
TYPE OF ARTS IN BHUTAN

Shingzo (Carpentry) Dozo (Masonry) Parzo (Carving)

Lhazo (Painting) Jinzo (Sculpting) Lugzo (Bronze Casting)
Garzo (Blacksmithing) Troeko (Ornament making) Tsharzo (Cane and bamboo
weaving),
Thagzo (Weaving), Tshemzo (Tailoring, Shagzo (Woodturning), and
Embroidery and Appliqué) Dezo (Paper-making)

FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

Shagzo, or the art of wood turning, is an ancient art passed down generation to
generation of Bhutanese. It is just as famous and important as Thagzo (the art of weaving) in
the Bhutan culture. The master artisans are called Shagzopa. Bhutanese shagzopa make a variety
of exquisite functional and decorative products like turned wooden bowls (dapa), cups (dza phob),
plates, and containers of various unique shapes, sizes and colours.

INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

Various art forms in Bhutan are inspired by the Buddhist religion. Poetry, dance,
music, paintings and theatre in the country is deep-rooted in the religion. Paintings include
thangkas, wall paintings and sculptures. Masked dances are the main speciality, which are the
reenactment of Guru Rinpoche's life.

FAMOUS ARTISTS

Widely regarded as 'one' of the most talented contemporary painters in their country,
identical twin brothers Tashi Dendup and Ugyen Samdrup live and work at 2300m
above sea level in Thimphu, the capital of the Himalayan Kingdom of Bhutan.

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

Art has always remained an essential part of the daily life of a Bhutanese because it
represents internal and external spirituality. Each art piece that they create connects
them to something beyond the self and enlightens them with a religious experience like nothing
else.
 COMBODIA
TYPE OF ARTS IN COMBODIA

PAINTING SCULPTURE
Traditional Cambodian arts and crafts include textiles, non-textile weaving,
silversmithing, stone carving, lacquerware, ceramics, wat murals, and kite-making.
FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

KHMER ART, The sculpture of the KHMER EMPIRE is referred to as KHMER ART.
ANGKOR WAT is a well-known religious art site in Cambodia, and its silhouette appears on the
Cambodian national flag.

INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

The people of Cambodia have unbreakable spirits. buildings of religious significance,

evidence of a long and illustrious history. Cambodia's history, customs, and culture have been
greatly influenced by both China and India. People in Cambodia have developed new beliefs
and traditions from the different cultures of Buddhism and Hinduism. Despite a troubled past
under the Khmer Rouge, a more open and accepting society has helped Cambodia's creative
scene to slowly recover

FAMOUS ARTISTS

Sopheap Pich is a Cambodian American contemporary artist. His sculptures utilize traditional
Cambodian materials, which reflect the history of the nation and the artist's relation to his
identity

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

Among places of worship, Angkor Wat takes the cake as the world's largest.
In the very center of Cambodia lies the city of God.

TIBETAN
TYPES OF ARTS IN TIBETAN

Stone carving Mural painting Thangka painting

FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

Tibetan Painting Thangkas Mandalas

Tibetan Sculpture
INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

Tibetan art comprises ancient pre-Buddhist decorative and domestic crafts and the all-
pervading religious art that was gradually introduced from the 8th century onward from
surrounding Buddhist countries and developed subsequently as recognizably distinct Tibetan
imagery, sculpture, and decorative architectural motifs. In all its forms Tibetan art has remained
subservient to special lay or religious intentions and has never become an art pursued for
aesthetic ends alone. The religious art is primarily didactic and symbolic; the lay art, decorative.

Therefore, while lay art may be easily appreciated, to understand the significance of the
religious art requires knowledge of Tibetan religion and religious symbolism. Since the
destruction of Tibetan cultural traditions by Chinese-trained Communists from 1959 onward, a
greater interest has arisen in the West in the surviving Tibetan objets d’art preserved in
museums and private collections.

FAMOUS ARTISTS

Tsherin Sherpa San Francisco-based Tserin Sherpa (b. 1968, Kathmandu) masters the
tradition of Tibetan thangka painting, trained from a young age by his father, Master Urgen
Dorje, a renowned thangka artist from Ngyalam. His work is concerned with contemporary
issues of the Tibetan diasporic experience, such as displacement and the loss of cultural
heritage. Sherpa paints demons, spirits, and deities from Tibetan tradition that function as an
exploration of the detachment and estrangement of the Tibetan diaspora towards their
homeland. In his first solo exhibition in 2012 Tibetan Spirit, Sherpa interrogated “the way we
understand objects today as works of art or for devotion.”

His work draws from the same principles illustrated by Andy Warhol or Marcel Duchamp;
essentially, he questions our changing perceptions of objects and ideas.

Gonkar Gyatso

London-based Gonkar Gyatso (b. 1961, Lhasa) creates humorous works informed by
both politics and his personal life. “Just as the identity of my homeland cannot be separated
from religion and politics, so my own sensibility has been shaped by the undeniable bond
between the two.” Gyatso’s practice revolves around the reproduction of

Buddhist iconography, calling the Buddha his ‘muse.’ Skillfully incorporating Western and
Tibetan cultural themes into his work, Gyatso transforms traditional images of the Buddha into
Pop Art-inspired multimedia works that satirize world politics and the mundanity of life. His
iconic work titled Pokemon Buddha (2003) marks the first example of what has now become
the central theme of his practice; much of his work references the shifts in identity that
characterize the life of a migrant.

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

Tibetan art, historically, has been entirely and exclusively religious, to that extent it is
something of a philosophic art as well. Although much Tibetan art uses figuration, depicting
person-like beings and creatures that, however mythological, supramundane, or surreal, are
pseudo-realistic and thus recognizable, it differs fundamentally from Western art, specifically
from religious art.

NEPAL
TYPE OF ARTS IN NEPAL

Paintings Sculptures Woodcarving

Pottery and Architecture
are major forms of Nepali arts. Besides that, local songs, traditional musical instruments,
and traditional dances are also Nepali arts.
FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

Mithila Painting is practiced in the Mithila region of Nepal and India. This tradition
dates back to country the 7th century AD. Mithila painting is done with twigs, fingers, natural
dyes and pigments.

INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

The art and culture of Nepal have been strongly influenced by the religious beliefs of the
country. The artwork is decorative, delicate, and very beautiful. Nepal art is strongly influenced
by the culture of the people and the two really go together and are interwoven.

FAMOUS ARTISTS

Aniko, Anige or Araniko (Nepali: अरनिको, Chinese: 阿尼哥; 1245–1306) was one of
the key figures in the arts of Nepal and Yuan dynasty of China, and the artistic exchanges in
these areas. He was born in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, during the reign of Abhaya Malla.

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

Nepalese religious painting, whether for Hindu or Buddhist patrons, is conservative in

technique, style, and iconography. However, over the course of centuries, subtle changes can
be seen in composition, palette, style, and motifs. Artists from the primarily Buddhist
community of Newars, one of Nepal’s many ethnic groups, made most of the paintings that
illuminated manuscripts and book covers as well as devotional paintings on cloth (paubhas).
 CHINA

TYPE OF ARTS IN CHINA

Calligraphy Painting Poetry

were some of the main forms of Chinese art. These were also referred to as the “Three
Perfections”

FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains is recognized as one of the largest paintings

in Chinese history and remains one of the greatest works of Chinese artistry.

Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy – Yan Liben In the 7th century,
Tibet admired the Tang dynasty of China. In 634, on an official state visit to China, Tibetan King
Songtsen Gampo (569-ca. 649) fell in love with and pursued Princess Wencheng’s hand.

The Night Revels of Han Xizai – Gu Hongzhong Suppose that you are Emperor Li
Yu (ca. 937–978), but your official, Han Xizai, misses morning audiences with you and refuses
to become prime minister. What would you do? You would try to find out what is going on,
right? That is precisely what Li Yu did.

INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

Chinese art today is heavily influenced by Western art and concepts, particularly
ink and oil paintings, and performance arts. Different forms of art have been influenced
by great philosophers, teachers, religious figures and even political leaders. The
arrival of Buddhism and modern Western influence produced especially large changes. Chinese
art encompasses fine arts, folk arts and performance arts. Confucianism, Taoism, and
Buddhism were the three main philosophies and religions of ancient China, which have
individually and collectively influenced ancient and modern Chinese society.

FAMOUS ARTISTS

Gu Kaizhi is largely considered the father of Chinese painting and one of the most
famous Chinese artists from the Jin Dynasty (266–420).

TANG YIN is a brilliant student; Tang Yin was accused of bribing to get the examination
paper in advance. This ended his chance to pursue a career in civil service. Jailed and
disgraced, Tang began to earn his living through painting and led a life of pleasure. His peculiar
life story and eccentric lifestyle has made Yin an immortal figure in Chinese folklore. Tang
created his personal style in painting by assimilating the techniques of the Four Great Masters
of the Yuan. He is most known for his paintings that depict feminine beauty and is regarded as
one of the “Four Masters of Ming dynasty”. He remains one of the most famous painters in the
history of Chinese art.
 DONG YUAN is a master of both figure and landscape painting, Dong Yuan was the
leading artist in the Southern Tang Kingdom of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period.
Along with his pupil Juran, he was the founder of the Southern style of landscape painting.
Such is Dong Yuan’s influence that his elegant style became the standard of Chinese brush
painting till nine centuries after his death. His most famous masterpiece ‘Xiao and Xiang Rivers’
showcases his exquisite techniques and his sense of composition.

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

As it developed, the purpose of Chinese art turned from propitiation and sacrifice to
the expression of human understanding of these forces, in the form of painting of
landscapes, bamboo, birds, and flowers. This might be called the metaphysical, Daoist aspect of
Chinese painting. Art is an important part of Chinese heritage and culture. China has
excelled in all forms of art for several centuries and shows the Chinese people's love of it. The
Chinense art includes performing arts, sculpture, paintings and even cave drawings. Chinese
painters prefer freestyle and curving lines than mechanical, straight lines. They get
inspiration from their pursuit of calligraphy, especially cursive writings of different styles.
Chinese ceramic and porcelain wares are admired across the world for their delicacy and
intricacy. The iconic blue and white pottery ware adorning plant-based motifs, were first
developed in 14th century China and later adopted by Europe.

INDIA
TYPE OF ARTS IN INDIA

Madhubani Painting Warli Painting Miniature Painting

Kalamkari Tanjore Painting Pattachitra
Gond Painting Kalighat Painting Phad, and Cheriyal Scrolls

FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

Warli Art. Warli is an exquisite handicraft of India that dates back to 2500-3000 years.
This tribal art form has emerged from the tribes residing in the mountains and coastal areas of
Gujarat and Maharashtra. The paintings are simple sketches with geometrical shapes such as
circles, squares, and triangles.

INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

A huge portion of Indian artworks are influenced by different religions and culture of the
nation. Paintings, architecture, folk dance and other art forms are also influenced by the culture
and religion. History says that world's famous civilization Indus valley was established in India.
FAMOUS ARTISTS

Raja Ravi Varma was an Indian painter and artist. He is considered among the
greatest painters in the history of Indian art. His works are one of the best examples of the
fusion of European academic art with a purely Indian sensibility and iconography.

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

Art and Culture plays a very significant role in the development of a nation. They
represents shared attitudes, values, goals and practices of a region. India is symbolized by
Unity in diversity due to plurality of the culture.

KOREA
TYPE OF ARTS IN KOREA

Ceramics Sculpture
The most famous and oldest art in Korean art history is Korean pottery. It is connected
to Korean ceramics such as massive murals, tile work, and elements of architecture. Much of
the early ceramic techniques and styles were adopted from the Chinese culture.

FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

Minhwa (Korean Folk Painting) – a reflection of the commoner's hopes. Minhwa

illustrates the common people's freedom of expression and reveals their innermost thoughts
and dreams.

Hanji (traditional Korean paper) Hanji literally means “the paper of Korea.” Traditionally
it is made using fibres from the bark of a mulberry tree, a material known for its strength and
resistance to decomposition – the reason why Korea has managed to preserve some of the
oldest surviving printed materials in the world.

Najeonchilgi (Lacquerware inlaid with mother-of-pearl) The term najeonchilgi refers to

a traditional inlaying technique using mother-of-pearl, the iridescent layer that forms the inside
of mollusk shells. Some of the most ornate examples of chests and other lacquer furniture can
be seen in Korea’s museums, but you’ll find smaller and more affordable lacquerware including
boxes and mirrors in most markets – their uniqueness and beauty makes for a brilliant souvenir.

INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

Much of the traditional Korean art was heavily influenced by the aesthetics of the
surrounding eastern cultures, such as art from Japan and China. However, over
centuries Korean art gained its unique identity and distinctive characteristics.
FAMOUS ARTISTS

Nam June Paik (1932-2006) is undoubtedly the most famous Korean artist in the
world. he questions our relationship to technology and information. However, despite being
born in Korea, he has spent most of his life abroad.

Lee Ufan, Korean Zen Art is a Korean artist known worldwide for
his paintings depicting the mark of a brush whose color fades… Yet his practice goes far
beyond that! He creates performances, sculptures and installations, which always question a
certain “state of being”. He is influenced by Zen and Asian philosophy, but has also drawn
heavily on Western thought. Among his favorite subjects: observing the intimate, conflicting or
poetic relationship between natural and artificial elements.

Song Hyun-Sook, Korean and Western art Song Hyun-Sook (1952-) is a Korean
painter. With her, each brushstroke tells a story, a journey. She weaves links between Korean
art and Western art. On the one hand, it expresses that almost meditative state of
concentration that exists in the art of calligraphy.

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

The unique character of Korean art lies in its understated simplicity and
spontaneity, together with a feeling of harmony with nature. One of the main
characteristics of Korean art is its close association with naturalism, a characteristic already
noticeable by the time of the Three Kingdoms period. Professionals have begun to acknowledge
and sort through Korea's own unique art culture and important role in not only transmitting
Chinese culture, but also assimilating and creating a unique culture of its own. "An
art given birth to and developed by a nation is its own art". Much of the traditional Korean art
was heavily influenced by the aesthetics of the surrounding eastern cultures, such as
art from Japan and China. However, over centuries Korean art gained its unique identity and
distinctive characteristics. In part, Koreans think that everyone deserves to appear
attractive, so they devote a significant amount of time and money to their skincare
regimen. In addition, Korean beauty salons are quite popular, particularly among women and
men who wish to improve their physical appearance.

JAPAN
TYPE OF ARTS IN JAPAN

1.Shodo (Japanese art of calligraphy that’s created with a brush)

2.Ukiyo-e ( printed in great numbers using wood block printing method)
3.Japanese Architecture (structures made of woods)
4.Manga (Japanese comic book in a form of art in writing)
5.Origami (Japanese art of folding paper to creat decorative art.)
6. Sculpture (wooden sculpture)
7.Bonseki ( a miniature landscapes on black trays that make use of white sand, pebbles, and
small rocks)
8.Japanese fans (used in ritual dance and festivals)
9.Kirigami (made of cutted paper without gluing)
10.Maki-e ( Japanese lacquerware decorated with powdered metal suck as gold and silver)
11. Amigurumi (Japanese craft if knitting or crocheting small stuff creatures)
12.Chochin (collapsible bamboo lantern)
13.Temari (hand ball)
14.Irezumi ( rich tradition of tattooing)
15.Byobu (Japanese folding screens that were historically used in partition rooms for privacy)
16.Gyotaku (Japanese art of fish printing)
17.Samurai Masks ( known as mempo it is a type of battle armor)
FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

American and European influences on Japanese culture are in evidence in literature,

the visual arts, music, education, science, recreation, and ideology. Modernization was
accompanied by cultural changes. Rationalism and socialism based on Christianity, as well as
Marxism, became inseparably related to everyday Japanese life.

FAMOUS ARTISTS

Yokoyama Taikan - Yokoyama Taikan is one of the original creators of the traditional
painting practice we now know as nihonga. In pre-World War II times, Taikan deviated from
the then popular practice of line drawing and ventured into a new technique that blurred and
softened images. Taikan’s teacher, Okura Tenshin, was a well-known nationalist, and likely
influenced Taikan’s political feelings. When representing Japan abroad in Italy as an artist,
Taikan continuously painted images of Mt Fuji, a reflection of the patriotism of the time. During
World War II, Taikan donated much of his artistic income to the Japanese military. Following
Tenshin’s wishes, Taikan dedicated his life to creating innovative techniques for the nihonga
practice.

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

1 SORT BY CATEGORY, NOT BY LOCATION

Kondo says that while you are cleaning, you shouldn’t first clean your room and then
your kitchen and then your bathrooms. You need to clean by category. This means bringing
every single article of clothing into the same room and dumping on the floor. This allows you to
really visualize how much of each thing in each category you truly have in your house. If you
clean by room, you don’t see how many miscellaneous office supplies you may have that are
hoarded in the upstairs drawers and in the downstairs drawers. This gives you a better,
comprehensive visual of how much you actually have.

2 IF IT DOES NOT SPARK JOY, GET RID OF IT.

When you are going through an entire category and looking to get rid of things you
don’t need or want anymore, Kondo says that you should ask yourself if each item gives you
joy. If it doesn’t, it goes into the trash – no ifs, ands or buts. She says this same rule applies to
pajamas and lounge wear. She believes that your pajamas and lounge wear should spark just
as much joy as your fancier clothing. Your lounge wear is your house wear and your house, in
all of its elements, should be a place of joy (Read: excuse to get pretty pajamas!).

3 TAKE A WHOLE DAY TO DISCARD DO NOT DO IT IN SPURTS.

Make sure you set aside the entire day to go through by category and discard. Doing it
all in one day will also allow you to understand how much stuff you really have, Kondo says. It
also ensures success the first time around!

4 DISCARDS IN THIS ORDER

Clothes, books, papers, miscellaneous and mementos. According to Kondo’s experience

and research, discarding in this particular order ensures more success versus discarding in a
different order.

5 STORAGE EXPERTS ARE HOARDERS

Contrary to popular belief, Kondo says that storage experts are hoarders and that
storage units are just another excuse to accumulate stuff.

6 VISUALIZE THE SPACE THAT MAKES YOU THE HAPPIEST AND THE MOST AT PEACE
BEFORE YOU BEGIN

Kondo believes that everyone deserves the space of their dreams and that it is
attainable. The first step is keeping your space tidy and rid of excess material objects that
weigh you down and clutter your house or apartment. Ask yourself what your destination looks
like, what your dream lifestyle is. Proceed with that inspiration in your mind!

THAILAND
TYPE OF ARTS IN THAILAND

Traditional Thai art and craft ranges from paintings and musical instruments to
beautiful silk, silver wear, pottery, puppets, Khon masks, model warships, bronze wear, soap
carving, sculptures, wood and stone carvings, ceramics and much more.
FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

Gold leaf element is one of the most famous art technique of Thai wisdom knowledge.
Moreover, famous traditional Thai art includes art forms from canvas art, sculptures, wooden
wall, and temples murals.

INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

Traditional visual arts in Thailand bear a great influence of Buddhism but contemporary
Thai art is a combination of the modern techniques along with the traditional styles. Thai
literature is influenced by Indian culture. Crafts include textiles and decorative items that bear
the distinct Thai style.

FAMOUS ARTISTS

Chalermchai Kositpipat (เฉลิมชย ั โฆษิตพิพ ัฒน์) He is among one of the greatest

and famous artists in Thailand of all time. He was born on 15 February, 1955 and originally
from Chiang Rai province in Thailand.

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

Art in Thailand was almost exclusively religious but it absorbed influences from many
countries and regions of Southeast Asia. This included the Khmer Cambodian Empire during the
9th to 13th centuries, Buddhist and Hindu art from India and Sri Lanka, and other influences
from China and Vietnam.

VIETNAM
TYPE OF ARTS IN VIETNAM

Lacquerware Lacquer Paintings Silk Paintings

Lanterns in Hoi An Hand Embroidery Ceramics and Pottery

Contemporary Art

FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

Palm Hills – 1957 (Luong Xuan Nhi)

Maids beside hibiscus tree – 1944 (Nguyen Gia Tri)

The beauty of Vietnamese silk painting.

Woodblock print – Vietnamese painting.

INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

During the Vietnam War there was little time for culture. After the war—a time when
when people were suffering from food shortages and economic hardships— the traditional arts
were viewed as backward, bourgeois and frivolous, and were discouraged by the government.
With the economic reforms in the 1980s, traditional arts were seen in a different light and
viewed as something that should be encouraged and preserved.

Even though the arts are now viewed in a positive light, they suffer from lack of money.
The government doesn’t support them much. Performers try to make money by selling their art
or hawking tickets to their performances. Many do it for free out of love for their art. And then
there are the censors. Artist seem to know how far they can go with the censors and don’t force
the issue too much and as a result are not persecuted like some artists in, say, China are. Some
are watched by secret police.

While there is no official state censor in Vietnam, private media ownership is barred and
editors are personally responsible for the contents of their publications. With the end of state
subsidies, advertising has become crucial to the survival of most of Vietnam's
publications. In the mid 2000s there were many copyright lawsuits, such as Trong Bang’s
symphony "Celebration", the two plays "Country Spirit" and
"Secret Dreams of Teu and Kangaroo", as well as the legal struggle between two
scholars, Dao Thai Ton and Nguyen Quang Tuan, about "the Boundless Field,"
"Disabled Stream" and "Chat to Mozart".

FAMOUS ARTISTS

1.) Nguyen Gia Tri (1908 – 1993) – Famous Vietnamese Lacquer Artist

Vietnam’s most famous painter Nguyen Gia Tri (1908 – 1993) was one of the pioneers
who created a new artistic trend for Vietnamese painting. He graduated from the Indochina
Fine Arts College in 1936 and is considered “the father of modern lacquer paintings in Viet
Nam”. He was also a cartoonist of political and social issues.

2.) To Ngoc Van (1906 – 1954) – The First Artist Use Oil Painting Material in Vietnam

To Ngoc Van is the pride of Vietnamese painting, he was also named for a street in Ha
Noi and in Ho Chi Minh city. He contributed to Vietnamese art with his unique works of
international stature. The masterpiece “Young girl by lilies” was created by To Ngoc Van in 1943
when he was teaching at Indochina Fine Arts College. The picture depicts a young woman in ao
dai tilting her head gracefully toward the vase of white lilies. This is considered the most typical
painting in the career of To Ngoc Van as well as Vietnamese art in the early 20th century.
3.) Nguyen Tuong Lan (1906 – 1946) – One Of The Most Influential Painters in Vietnam

He was one of the “Four Masters” of Vietnamese Modern Art, along with Nguyen Gia Tri,
To Ngoc Van, Tran Van Can. After graduation from Indochina Fine Arts College, he opened his
own studio in Ha Noi. He is considered one of the few contemporary artists capable of bringing
pure colors into a fictitious, symbolic and gracious harmony, even with silk painting. From the
1940s, with the liberal rhythm of his strokes, Nguyen Tuong Lan soon broke the rule to pursue
abstract art.

4.) Tran Van Can (1910 – 1994) – Famous Artist in Vietnam

Being the fourth in the list of “Four Masters” of Vietnamese painting, Tran Van Can
contribute to the art of the country typical works with high artistic value and rich in humanity.
He served as the General Secretary of the

Vietnamese Fine Arts Association. He was a great contributor to the movement and
direction of Vietnamese Art. “Little Sister Thuy” is an oil painting composed by Tran Van Can in
1944. It can be said that it is the pinnacle of art in the career of Tran Van Can and also
Vietnamese art. With a genuine and gentle expression, he left the impression on viewers with
the innocent beauty of the little sitter.

5.) Nguyen Tu Nghiem (1922 – 2016) – Famous Artist for Lacquer Painting, Oil Painting
& Pigments

He is the last Vietnamese painter in the quartet “Phai, Sang, Lien, Nghiem”. He was
awarded the Ho Chi Minh Prize for fine art in 1996. He was also one of the few artists who had
his own museum. The art critic at that time assumed that paintings by Nguyen Tu Nghiem have
a combination of modern style with traditional thought, thus

creating his own identity.

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

Vietnamese art and architecture has a long, rich history and has been shaped by the
interaction of local customs with foreign cultures. The Indic kingdom of Champa produced
strongly Indianized Hindu-Buddhist art, with additional influences from Cambodia, China, and
Java.
 LAOS
TYPE OF ARTS IN LAOS

Laotian art includes ceramic, lao Buddhist sculpture, and lao music,
Several types of musical instruments are uniquely associated with the rural Lao and the midland
and upland minority communities.

FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

Ho phra Keo, is a former Buddhist shrine from 1565. It serves as a museum of

religious arts in Vientiane. Lao religious images and art is also distintive and sets laos apart
from its neighbors.

INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

LAO CULTURE and ARTS, Classical music, dance and literature are strongly influenced
by the Hindu epics, particularly the Ramayana.

Lao religious images and art is also distintive and sets laos apart from its neighbors.

FAMOUS ARTISTS

Marisa Darasavath (born 1972) is a Laotian artist. "One of Laos's leading

contemporary artists"

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

Bronze, silver, and gold were used as the primary materials by Lao artisans to create
sculptures. The most well-known statue is the 16th-century Phra Say, which was looted by the
Siamese in the late 18th century and is made of gold.

INDONESIA
TYPE OF ARTS IN INDONESIA

Indonesian crafts and arts are diverse: jewelry, beadwork, batik, pottery, metal,
baskets, wood carving, leather puppet, stone carving, and painting. While we only
witnessed a few of these during our short stay on Bali and Java, the quality and beauty of the
work were impressive. When you peruse next time through the market stalls or are looking for
your next purchase, remember that local artists spent hours creating these pieces through
extensive skills. Any leather puppet show, any wood carving ornament, any colorful batik is a
piece of art reflecting Indonesia’s heritage.
FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

Javanese batik, Balinese carvings, Kalimantan baby bak, Malukan pearls,

Bugis silk sarong, Lombok pottery, Dayak blow guns, Sumba ikat and more. Your
travels throughout Indonesia will be enriched by your exposure to the development of different
art forms in each province.

INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

As the country is centrally located along ancient trading routes between the Far East,
South Asia and the Middle East, its art and paintings are greatly influenced by multiple religions
including Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Islam and Christianity.

FAMOUS ARTISTS

Affandi Koesoema, commonly known as Affandi, is Indonesia's legendary painter. Its

popularity is limited to within the country and has also been known to foreign countries. Some
even call Affandi the most famous Indonesian painter in the world. Affandi has a distinctive
character in the abstract or expressionism genre.

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

The rich cultural heritage of art and handicrafts is one of Indonesia's true national
riches. Indonesian art forms can include designs traced back to early animistic beliefs, ancestor
worship, Hindu or Buddhist influenced motifs brought by Indian traders, Chinese or Islamic
symbols and beliefs.

PHILIPPINES
TYPE OF ARTS IN PHILIPPINES

The traditional arts in the Philippines include folk architecture, maritime transport,
famous sculpture in the Philippines, weaving, carving, folk performing arts, folk (oral) literature,
folk graphic and plastic arts, ornament, pottery, and other artistic expressions of traditional
culture.

FAMOUS ARTS AND CRAFTS

Painting. Artwork created by Filipino artists have origins going back to the beginning of
civilization in The Philippines, beginning with petroglyphs on rock walls.
Tattoos Woodcarving Recycled Crafts
Bamboo Pearls Dream Weavers
INFLUENCES OF THE ARTS ON THEIR CULTURE

Arts in the Philippines refer to all the various forms of the arts that have developed and
accumulated in the Philippines from the beginning of civilization in the country up to the present
era. They reflect the range of artistic influences on the country's culture, including indigenous
forms of the arts, and how these influences have honed the country's arts. These arts are
divided into two distinct branches, namely, traditional arts and non-traditional arts. Each branch
is further divided into various categories with subcategories.

FAMOUS ARTISTS

Fernando Amorsolo- To gaze upon an Amorsolo is to gaze upon the soul of

idealistic, Filipino sentiment. The painter’s authoritative brushstrokes depict relaxed scenes of
days in the market, afternoons spent idling under the shade of an overarching tree, and fiestas,
of course; all of which have become the trademark of Amorsolo’s career.

TAKEAWAYS FROM THE ART

Every contemporary art reflects someone's feelings, ideas or perspectives. Through

contemporary art, Filipinos can express themselves in a way that will be safely observable for
others. It is a means of personal expression. Every art has their own stories to tell.