Contents

1.Introduction:.............................................................................................................................................2
1.1Evolutionary Theory :.........................................................................................................................2
1.2Functionalist theory:...........................................................................................................................2
1.3Conflict theory:...................................................................................................................................2
2.Analysis and discussion:...........................................................................................................................3
2.1Microsoft Annual Revenue by Geography:........................................................................................3
2.2Microsoft Revenue Breakdown:.........................................................................................................3
2.3Employees of Microsoft Corporation:................................................................................................3
2.4Value Chain Analysis of Microsoft Corporation:...............................................................................4
2.5Pathway of Microsoft Corporation to be Carbon negative by 2030:...................................................4
3.Conclusion:...............................................................................................................................................5
4.Reference:.................................................................................................................................................6
1.Introduction:
To make our presentation more attractive and vivid, we will start it through answering some
questions. So, let’s start:
 What is social change?
Social change refers to the continuous transformation of culture and social structure over a
period of time. In the globalized world, social change has traditionally been associated with
“Development problems” that mainly occurred in “Developing countries” since the late 1980s
and early 1990s.
 Does social change happen quickly?
Social change isn’t a matter of instant phenomenon. Change is often very slow in society. There
are also some theories , causing social change. Let have a look over those:
1.1Evolutionary Theory :
The realm that focuses on refinement and further development of the modern conflation of
genetics is known as evolution theory of social change.
1.2Functionalist theory:
The theory which teaches that society is like a human body and each part of it is like an organ.
So , here individual parts can’t survive on their own and that is the functionalist theory of social
change.
1.3Conflict theory:
The conflict theory of social change bring out that society is unequal and too much competitive
by nature. This theory is spearheaded by Karl Marx. Marx didn’t think each phase resulted in
something better than before, While believing in the evolutionary model to a point. The theory
radiated over the years. In feminist theory, queer theory, and critical race theory the conflict
theory has been founded.
 Why do social changes occur over time?
According to sociologists, social change is a constantly occurring phenomenon. There are
numerous reasons why societies are going through social changes. The psychology of human
being is one of the peremptory reasons for social change. Of course, those changes can be bought
about due to technological development, social intuitions, social conflicts or the environment.
According to M. E Jones, social change occurs when social processes, social patterns, social
interactions or social organizations encounter modifications from their everyday functioning.
2.Analysis and discussion:

The splitting growing era of globalization and industrialization has witnessed a deep growth of
industries that are substantial in social and economic growth. Microsoft is a perfect example of
global capitalism.

As Goldman Sachs market research puts it: “Microsoft is well positioned to capitalize on a
number of long-term secular trends (and) we see a pathway for sustained double-digit topline
growth alongside continued margin expansion. (Georgescu, 2022)

2.1Microsoft Annual Revenue by Geography:

In the fiscal year 2022, Microsoft Corporation reported a net income of over 72
billion U.S. dollars, which was a sizable increase from its Fiscal year 2021 and make
a high record. (Microsoft net income 2002-2022 | Statista, 2022)

2.2Microsoft Revenue Breakdown:

 Microsoft is one of the strongest companies in the world with a diversity of offerings
across technology.
 Coronavirus fears are overplayed on Microsoft, a company that's primarily software.
 Worst-case scenario, Microsoft has the balance sheet to see them through and massive
amounts of recurring revenue. (Microsoft: The Cornerstone Of A Portfolio
(NASDAQ:MSFT), 2022)

2.3Employees of Microsoft Corporation:

Microsoft Corporation, the American Technology Company has approximately 221,000
people as employee in full-time positions worldwide. And almost 60 percent of Microsoft’s
employees are located in the United States, the company’s home country. There are four
business units where the employees are spread out (Microsoft number of employees 2005-
2022 | Statista, 2022). The units are:
 operations (manufacturing, distribution, product support, and consulting services),
 research and development,
 sales and marketing, and
 general and administration.

2.4Value Chain Analysis of Microsoft Corporation:

Value chain analysis refers to the process of looking at the activities that go into changing the
inputs for a good or service into an output that is valued by the consumer. The Value Chain
Analysis of Microsoft Corporation can offer several advantages. Just like:
  Identify competitive advantage sources:
During the planning process, Microsoft Corporation can identify possible sources of
competitive advantage by conducting the Value Chain Analysis. A collection of different
type of activities that share relatedness to some extent is the Microsoft Corporation. A
company can consider these activities as economic rent sources due to Value Chain
approach.

 Identify complex inter-relationships and interdependencies:

Through the value chain Analysis various internal and external linkages among activities can
be identified In Microsoft Corporation. Interrelationships between activities within same
organizational units- are the internal linkages. Linkages between business units of same or
different firms are noted as external. A company can be helped by studying these
interrelationships to take benefit from joint optimization and coordination.
 Improved flow of materials, information and finances:
A company can identify and emprise new opportunities and can reduce external threats by
improving the information flow and the continuous Value Chain evaluation can result in
filling important gaps timely that may affect a company’s productivity sector.
 Formulate effective firm-specific strategies:
Competitive strategic decision-making process is formulated by using the Value Chain
Analysis of Microsoft Corporation. Therefore, the right competitive strategy can be chosen
(cost leadership, differentiation or focus) to require knowledge of rivals’ cost structure

2.5Pathway of Microsoft Corporation to be Carbon negative by 2030:

Brad Smith, President of Microsoft Corporation and Amy Hood, chief Financial Officer(CFO)
and Satya Nadella, the CEO preparing to announce Microsoft’s plan to be Carbon negative by
2030. (Microsoft will be carbon negative by 2030 - The Official Microsoft Blog, 2022). This
seems the ethical side of Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft Corporation hasn’t any attention to
social harms and always spreading the business with their own dynamics.
3.Conclusion:
The following research exhibit the social changing in the globalized world. Microsoft
Corporation is a perfect example of social change in a globalized world with related aspects of
global capitalism with putting no attention to social harms.
4.Reference:
1) Georgescu, P., 2022. At Microsoft, Stakeholder Capitalism Generates Astonishing Growth.
[online] Forbes. Available at: <https://www.forbes.com/sites/justcapital/2022/01/29/at-
microsoft-stakeholder-capitalism-generates-astonishing-growth/?sh=40bedb072343> [Accessed
15 October 2022].
2) Statista. 2022.  Microsoft net income 2002-2022 | Statista. [online] Available at:
<https://www.statista.com/statistics/267808/net-income-of-microsoft-since-2002/> [Accessed 15
October 2022].
3) Statista. 2022.  Microsoft number of employees 2005-2022 | Statista. [online] Available at:
<https://www.statista.com/statistics/273475/number-of-employees-at-the-microsoft-corporation-
since-2005/> [Accessed 15 October 2022].
4) The Official Microsoft Blog. 2022.  Microsoft will be carbon negative by 2030 - The Official
Microsoft Blog. [online] Available at: <https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2020/01/16/microsoft-
will-be-carbon-negative-by-2030/> [Accessed 15 October 2022].
5) SeekingAlpha. 2022.  Microsoft: The Cornerstone Of A Portfolio (NASDAQ:MSFT). [online]
Available at: <https://seekingalpha.com/article/4330026-microsoft-cornerstone-of-portfolio>
[Accessed 15 October 2022].
6 )National Review. 2022. Sketching Out a Worst-Case Scenario for the Coronavirus Pandemic
| National Review. [online] Available at: <https://www.nationalreview.com/2020/04/sketching-
out-a-worst-case-scenario-for-the-coronavirus-pandemic/> [Accessed 15 October 2022].