Latihan soal UTBK 3

The question is based on the following text.

(The story by Oiwan Lam originally appeared on Global Voices, on December 2, 2020)
    Over a dozen journalists resigned on December 1 from Hong Kong Cable Television Limited, a major
subscription-based TV station in Hong Kong, in protest after the media company fired 40 editorial staff in what
is perceived as a political crackdown. Those laid off include the head of the China desk and the entire team of
the award-winning News Lancet program. The broadcaster cited financial reasons for the layoff, a claim the
newsroom staff rebukes. The entire China desk, a total of 12 people, has since resigned in protest, along with
the heads of the international and finance desks and the newsroom's chief assignment editor.
    The layoffs were sudden and took immediate effect — those who were sacked were told to leave the office
on the same day. In shock, members of staff gathered outside the room of the news director demanding an
explanation. Among those laid off is Wong Lai-ping, former deputy news editor at the China desk. On a radio
interview aired on December 2, she rebuked the management's claim that the decision was made out of
financial difficulties, remarking that in August, the management fired the then-executive director Fung Tak-
hung and replaced him with four new managers. Wong said that the new management often made editorial
requests, such as live broadcasts of China's foreign minister's regular press conference, or modifying headlines.
According to Wong, the newsroom staff refused to comply with such requests.
    The Hong Kong Journalists Association commented on the layoffs, “Given the [New Lancet] team’s coverage
of the police and administration, it’s difficult not to see this as minimizing sensitive reporting in the name of
cost-cutting”.
 
1. Based on the text, the trigger of this resignation en masse is the belief that ….
A. the previous layoffs were politically motivated
B. financial reasons affected the layoffs the most
C. the journalists could demand for higher salary
D. political crackdown barely prompted the layoffs
E. the management's disapproved of staffs' refusal of demands
 
(The story by Oiwan Lam originally appeared on Global Voices, on December 2, 2020)
    Over a dozen journalists resigned on December 1 from Hong Kong Cable Television Limited, a major
subscription-based TV station in Hong Kong, in protest after the media company fired 40 editorial staff in what
is perceived as a political crackdown. Those laid off include the head of the China desk and the entire team of
the award-winning News Lancet program. The broadcaster cited financial reasons for the layoff, a claim the
newsroom staff rebukes. The entire China desk, a total of 12 people, has since resigned in protest, along with
the heads of the international and finance desks and the newsroom's chief assignment editor.
    The layoffs were sudden and took immediate effect — those who were sacked were told to leave the office
on the same day. In shock, members of staff gathered outside the room of the news director demanding an
explanation. Among those laid off is Wong Lai-ping, former deputy news editor at the China desk. On a radio
interview aired on December 2, she rebuked the management's claim that the decision was made out of
financial difficulties, remarking that in August, the management fired the then-executive director Fung Tak-
hung and replaced him with four new managers. Wong said that the new management often made editorial
requests, such as live broadcasts of China's foreign minister's regular press conference, or modifying headlines.
According to Wong, the newsroom staff refused to comply with such requests.
    The Hong Kong Journalists Association commented on the layoffs, “Given the [New Lancet] team’s coverage
of the police and administration, it’s difficult not to see this as minimizing sensitive reporting in the name of
cost-cutting”.
 
“..., she rebuked the management's claim that the decision was made out of financial difficulties, remarking
that in August, the management fired the then-executive director Fung Tak-hung and replaced him with four
new managers.” (Paragraph 2).
 
2. Dealing with the issue discussed in the text, the statement above may lead the readers to the assumption
that …
A. The management’s claim should have been accepted by all parties.
B. The decision to fire Fung Tak-hung was taken with well-consideration.
C. The director Fung Tak-hung was not as competent as four new managers.
D. There was an illogical situation to claim financial difficulties as the reason for the layoffs.
E. The management tried to cover up their financial difficulties by cutting the number of employees.

(The story by Sanjib Chaudhary originally appeared on Global Voices on August 8, 2020)
    After news of the existence of a yellow turtle in India's eastern state of Odisha went viral this past July,
Nepalis wanted to remind the world that they made a similar discovery first — on April 14, 2018, to be exact —
when a rare, golden turtle  — but a different species — was found for the first time in southeastern Nepal’s
Dhanushadham municipality. According to a research paper by Kamal Devkota, Dev Narayan Mandal and
Hinrich Kaiser, which was published in the journal Herpetology Notes, the turtle was released into its natural
habitat after pictures were taken as proof. 
    A normal Indian flapshell turtle is greenish-grey in colour, with yellow marks on its head and neck. It has a
grey carapace dotted with dark yellow spots and derives its name from the femoral flaps at the plastron, the
ventral part of the shell. These turtles are found in Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka,
most typically in ditches, lakes, ponds, and paddy fields with stagnant water. Omnivorous in nature, they eat
anything from leaves and flowers to snails, fish, and frogs. While a normal-coloured flapshell turtle can easily
camouflage itself in the murky, greenish water, its golden-coloured variant — a turtle with chromatic leucism
— is easily recognisable and therefore more vulnerable. Its luminous golden colour, in particular, makes it a
prized pet.
    The congenital disorder of albinism creates a complete absence of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes
due to the lack of tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in the production of melanin. Researchers estimate that
albinism occurs once in every 10,000 mammal births. Leucism, on the other hand, is an extremely rare genetic
condition in which animals have reduced pigmentation. Most leucistic animals have normal-coloured eyes,
whereas those with albinism tend to have red or pink eyes.
    Nepal is home to 16 species of turtles, of which four are critically endangered: the three-striped roofed turtle
(Kachuga dhongoka), the red-crowned roofed turtle (Kachuga kachuga), the Indian narrow-headed softshell
turtle (Chitra indica), and the elongated tortoise (Indotestudo elongata). Though turtles play an important role
in reducing pollution by feeding on insects, vegetation, and dead animals, factors like habitat loss,
fragmentation, and degradation have been threatening their survival. According to “Turtles of Nepal – A Field
Guide for Species Accounts and Distribution,” the draining of wetlands for irrigation and fishing, the excessive
use of agrochemicals which eventually seep into waterways, and unsustainable fishing methods all negatively
impact turtle populations. 
 
3. The third paragraph of the passage above mainly discusses ….
A. physical appearance of turtles
B. congenital disorders in sea-mammals
C. the difference between two congenital illnesses
D. albinism, leucism, and how to treat them
E. albinism and leucism as hazardous congenital disorders
 
(The story by Sanjib Chaudhary originally appeared on Global Voices on August 8, 2020)
    After news of the existence of a yellow turtle in India's eastern state of Odisha went viral this past July,
Nepalis wanted to remind the world that they made a similar discovery first — on April 14, 2018, to be exact —
when a rare, golden turtle  — but a different species — was found for the first time in southeastern Nepal’s
Dhanushadham municipality. According to a research paper by Kamal Devkota, Dev Narayan Mandal and
Hinrich Kaiser, which was published in the journal Herpetology Notes, the turtle was released into its natural
habitat after pictures were taken as proof. 
    A normal Indian flapshell turtle is greenish-grey in colour, with yellow marks on its head and neck. It has a
grey carapace dotted with dark yellow spots and derives its name from the femoral flaps at the plastron, the
ventral part of the shell. These turtles are found in Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka,
most typically in ditches, lakes, ponds, and paddy fields with stagnant water. Omnivorous in nature, they eat
anything from leaves and flowers to snails, fish, and frogs. While a normal-coloured flapshell turtle can easily
camouflage itself in the murky, greenish water, its golden-coloured variant — a turtle with chromatic leucism
— is easily recognisable and therefore more vulnerable. Its luminous golden colour, in particular, makes it a
prized pet.
    The congenital disorder of albinism creates a complete absence of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes
due to the lack of tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in the production of melanin. Researchers estimate that
albinism occurs once in every 10,000 mammal births. Leucism, on the other hand, is an extremely rare genetic
condition in which animals have reduced pigmentation. Most leucistic animals have normal-coloured eyes,
whereas those with albinism tend to have red or pink eyes.
    Nepal is home to 16 species of turtles, of which four are critically endangered: the three-striped roofed turtle
(Kachuga dhongoka), the red-crowned roofed turtle (Kachuga kachuga), the Indian narrow-headed softshell
turtle (Chitra indica), and the elongated tortoise (Indotestudo elongata). Though turtles play an important role
in reducing pollution by feeding on insects, vegetation, and dead animals, factors like habitat loss,
fragmentation, and degradation have been threatening their survival. According to “Turtles of Nepal – A Field
Guide for Species Accounts and Distribution,” the draining of wetlands for irrigation and fishing, the excessive
use of agrochemicals which eventually seep into waterways, and unsustainable fishing methods all negatively
impact turtle populations. 
 
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage above?
A. A quarter of all turtle species in Nepal are threatened with extinction.
B. Both Nepalis and Indians found new rare turtles at different times.
C. A turtle with chromatic leucism is insusceptible topredators.
D. Animals with albinism and leucism can bedistinguished.
E. Turtles can help humans to keep the environment healthy.
 
(The story by Sanjib Chaudhary originally appeared on Global Voices on August 8, 2020)
    After news of the existence of a yellow turtle in India's eastern state of Odisha went viral this past July,
Nepalis wanted to remind the world that they made a similar discovery first — on April 14, 2018, to be exact —
when a rare, golden turtle  — but a different species — was found for the first time in southeastern Nepal’s
Dhanushadham municipality. According to a research paper by Kamal Devkota, Dev Narayan Mandal and
Hinrich Kaiser, which was published in the journal Herpetology Notes, the turtle was released into its natural
habitat after pictures were taken as proof. 
    A normal Indian flapshell turtle is greenish-grey in colour, with yellow marks on its head and neck. It has a
grey carapace dotted with dark yellow spots and derives its name from the femoral flaps at the plastron, the
ventral part of the shell. These turtles are found in Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka,
most typically in ditches, lakes, ponds, and paddy fields with stagnant water. Omnivorous in nature, they eat
anything from leaves and flowers to snails, fish, and frogs. While a normal-coloured flapshell turtle can easily
camouflage itself in the murky, greenish water, its golden-coloured variant — a turtle with chromatic leucism
— is easily recognisable and therefore more vulnerable. Its luminous golden colour, in particular, makes it a
prized pet.
    The congenital disorder of albinism creates a complete absence of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes
due to the lack of tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in the production of melanin. Researchers estimate that
albinism occurs once in every 10,000 mammal births. Leucism, on the other hand, is an extremely rare genetic
condition in which animals have reduced pigmentation. Most leucistic animals have normal-coloured eyes,
whereas those with albinism tend to have red or pink eyes.
    Nepal is home to 16 species of turtles, of which four are critically endangered: the three-striped roofed turtle
(Kachuga dhongoka), the red-crowned roofed turtle (Kachuga kachuga), the Indian narrow-headed softshell
turtle (Chitra indica), and the elongated tortoise (Indotestudo elongata). Though turtles play an important role
in reducing pollution by feeding on insects, vegetation, and dead animals, factors like habitat loss,
fragmentation, and degradation have been threatening their survival. According to “Turtles of Nepal – A Field
Guide for Species Accounts and Distribution,” the draining of wetlands for irrigation and fishing, the excessive
use of agrochemicals which eventually seep into waterways, and unsustainable fishing methods all negatively
impact turtle populations. 
 
5. The paragraph following the passage will most likely discuss .…
A. research on all turtle populations
B. dangerous factors for turtle populations
C. the suggestion to look after our environment
D. turtle populations’ contribution to reduce pollution
E. some ways to save turtles from threatening factors
 
Questions 6 to 8 are based on the following text.
The latest round in an ongoing debate over global-warming trends claims that warming has indeed slowed
down this century. An obvious slowing in the rise of global temperatures was recorded at the beginning of the
twenty-first century. This was referred to as a "hiatus" or a "pause". This hiatus was first observed several years
ago. Climate-change skeptics have used this as evidence that global warming has stopped permanently. But in
June the previous year, a study in science claimed that the hiatus was just an artifact which disappears when
biases in temperature data are corrected.
Now a prominent group of researchers is countering that claim. They argue in Nature Climate Change that
even after correcting these biases the slowdown was real. "There is this mismatch between what the climate
models are producing and what the observations are showing," says lead author John Fyfe. "We can't ignore
it." Fyfe uses the term "slowdown" rather than "hiatus". He also stresses that it does not in any way weaken
global-warming theory.
The study that questioned the existence of the slowdown corrected known biases in the surface
temperature record maintained by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The
finding showed differences in temperature readings from ships and buoys. This effectively increased the record
about warming. The researchers also extended the record to include 2014. This set a new record high for
average temperatures.
Thomas Karl, director of National Centers for Environmental Information in Asheville, calculated the rate
of global warming between 1950 and 1999 as being 0.113°C per decade. This was similar to the 0.116°C a
decade calculated for 2000-14. This, Karl said, meant that an assessment done by the influential
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2013 showing that warming had slowed was no longer valid.
(Adapted from www.nature.com)
 
6. The passage above mainly discusses about….
A. the hiatus observation was first carried out several years ago
B. the reason why global warming is slowing down in this century
C. global warming is a verifiable issue in the space of a decade
D. the contention about global warming and whether it is indeed slowing this period
E. the view of study in science that the hiatus is an artifact which vanishes
 
7. The word “prominent” in paragraph 2 means….
A. well-known B. promenade C. shrewd D. indolent E. magnificent
 
8. Why have some claimed that global warming a fabricated issue?
A. Because there’s no valid data to prove that global warming is real.
B. Since the existence of the slowdown corrected known biases in the surface temperature record upheld
by the US NOAA.
C. As an assessment done on Climate Change presenting that warming had slowed was no longer valid.
D. For the researchers is countering that in Nature Climate Change even after correcting these biases the
slowdown was real.
E. Because of the diversification in temperature readings from ships and buoys, the study found.

 
The following text is for questions 9 to 10.
Over the last two decades, the use of ICT has been an important topic in education. On the one hand,
studies have shown that ICT can enhance teaching and learning outcomes. For example, in science and
mathematics education, scholars have documented that the use of ICT can improve students’ conceptual
understanding, problem solving, and team working skills. Consequently, most curriculum documents state the
importance of ICT and encourage school teachers to use them. However, teachers need to specifically trained
in order to integrate ICT in their teaching.
Schools are known to be resistant to innovation and change, however, the spread of ICT is beginning to
affect how teachers teach. One of the current issues about the use of ICT is how it is integrated into the
curriculum. The curriculum document provide arguments for introducing ICT in the school setting. Therefore,
schools expect that graduates from teacher education programs have a reasonable knowledge of how to use
ICT. However, this may not be the case because most current teachers’ pre-service preparation, and
subsequent in-service courses were designed by using traditional educational technology and settings. Thus,
the participants in these courses are not familiar with the processes, interaction patterns, features, and
possibilities of teaching learning processes based on ICT.
Effective development of pre-service teachers’ ICT proficiency does not seem to be a direct process, but
is the one asking for a careful, complex approach. First, a need assessment is important to find out what ICT
skills and knowledge teachers need at schools. Second, designers of teacher education programs should know
the pre-service teachers’ perceptions of ICT and their attitudes toward ICT integration into curriculum. Third,
teacher education programs need to consider the two typical arguments that support the ICT use in schools.

9. Which of the following best restates the sentence “Over the last two decades, the use of ICT has been an
important topic in education. On the one hand, studies have shown that ICT can enhance teaching and
learning outcomes.” in paragraph 1?
A. ICT usage has been a vital topic in education and studies indicate that ICT can develop teaching and
learning upshot.
B. Studies have shown that ICT can enrich teaching and learning end result
C. The use of ICT has been an insignificant topic in education. Also, studies have shown that ICT can
enhance teaching and learning outcomes.
D. Over the last two decades, the use of ICT has been an important topic in educational method.
E. Over the preceding two decades, studies have exposed that ICT can increase teaching and learning
outcomes.
 
10. Based on the passage, paragraph 1 most likely discusses….
A. educational growth in the last two decades
B. the development of education by using ICT
C. the advantages of using ICT in the learning process
D. teachers need to be trained in order to integrate ICT in their teaching
E. ICT and education in today’s learning development
 
Question number 11 to 13 are based on the following text.
Sleepiness after eating is a response of the body to chemical changes during the digestion process. This is
normal and it happens to everybody. However, if sleepiness occurs every time after eating and obstructs your
ability to function, this may be a concern. Sleepiness after eating is caused by many factors, such as the type of
food you consume, messy sleeping habits, your health condition and so forth. The body requires energy to
function and this energy is obtained through food. Post-eating, the body releases hormones such as amylin,
glucagon and cholecystokinin. These hormones increase blood sugar levels, creating a feeling of fullness and
producing insulin that will be streamed through cell tissues and provide energy for them. At the same time, the
brain releases serotonin that causes drowsiness.
Moreover, food also influences melatonin production in the brain. This is the hormone that is responsible
for sleepiness post-meal. Some foods that are rich in protein, such as meat, poultry, eggs, fish, spinach, tofu,
cheese and soybeans can trigger more drowsiness than others. Additionally, foods containing carbohydrates
also help produce serotonin and tryptophan amino acids found in the brain. This is the reason why you feel
sleepy after eating carbohydrate-rich foods.
Overeating can also cause sleepiness. Post-meal, the body streams more blood to the digestive system to
better digest foods in massive amounts. This causes a temporary blood and nutrients shortage in the brain. To
prevent post-meal drowsiness, it’s better to eat a balanced diet containing vegetables, grains and good fats to
provide continuous energy. Drink lots of water and limit your sugar intake.
Bad sleeping patterns can also cause sleepiness after eating. After a meal, the body feels full and relaxed,
making the body feel like it is resting, resulting in a feeling of sleepiness, particularly if you didn’t get a good
night’s sleep the night before. To avoid this, improve your sleeping habits to prevent stress. Engaging in regular
physical exercise can help you get a good night’s sleep. It is recommended that you avoid napping if you are
having trouble sleeping at night.
11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To discuss the amount of food to consume so as not to feel sleepy
B. To inform the readers about the factors of sleepiness after eating
C. To argue the effect of eating too much foods for the brain
D. To tell the readers the benefit of eating certain foods
E. To investigate what causes drowsiness after overeating
 
12. By writing the sentences in paragraph 2, the author intends to tell the readers about….
A. foods that are rich in protein, such as meat, eggs, fish, tofu, cheese and soybeans can generate more
drowsiness
B. overeating protein and carbohydrate-rich foods obstructs your brain’s ability to function well
C. the reason why carbohydrate-rich foods make you feel sleepy
D. food combinations containing tryptophan amino acid and carbohydrates make you feel drowsy
E. the hormone melatonin production in the brain is responsible for sleepiness after eating
 
13. It can be predicted from the passage that….
A. the finer you manage your sleep, the more lethargic you feel
B. the more fish you eat, the better it is for the brain
C. the less you eat carbohydrate-rich foods, the less you will feel drowsy
D. the less meat you eat, the more you will feel drowsy
E. the less you consume protein and carbohydrates, the better it is for the body
 
The text below is for queries 14 to 15
Indonesia is the world’s third-largest coffee producer and exporter, after Brazil and Vietnam. National
coffee output has grown over the past decades, albeit not in a linear fashion as harvests fluctuate strongly from
one year to another depending on the weather. With per-capita coffee consumption on the rise both in
Indonesia and the wider region, there is obvious room for further growth, but there is also an obvious need for
investment. The capital required to take Indonesia’s coffee industry to the next level presents appealing
prospects for investors, while the country’s burgeoning coffee culture also brings opportunities for foreign
exporters.
Indonesia’s tropical climate produces almost ideal conditions for planting coffee. Today, most Indonesian
coffee comes from Sumatra, but Sulawesi and Kalimantan, the Lesser Sunda Islands of Bali, Sumbawa and
Flores as well as the country’s easternmost region of Papua all contribute to national output. Robusta coffee
makes up more than three quarters of Indonesia’s produce; the remainder is of the milder Arabica type. The
numerous coffee-growing regions in the country produce beans of distinct flavors and properties, and a
number of highland Arabica coffees from Indonesia are recognized by aficionados the world over.
Indonesian coffee exports rose from 336,840 tonnes (or 5,614,000 60-KG bags) in crop year 2000/2001 to
656,400 tonnes (10,940,000 bags) in 2012/2013, according to data collated by the International Coffee
Organization. Total production over the same period increased from 419,220 tonnes to 763,800 tonnes. At
present, the principal destinations for Indonesian coffee are the US, Japan and Western Europe (particularly
Germany), but Indonesia is well placed to capitalize on the fast-rising demand in the ASEAN region and in
China.
Indonesian per-capita consumption of around 1.2 kg in 2012 pales against more than 4 kg in the US,
around 7 kg in the world’s number one coffee producer Brazil and more than 10 kg in various European
countries. But with Indonesian per-capita consumption having already doubled in just a few years, domestic
demand looks to be on a fast growth trend. This puts the world’s fourth-most populous country on course to
become a leading coffee market. Local demand is driven by the lifestyle changes that accompany urbanization
and economic development. Caffeine consumption tends to increase when a larger part of the labor force
works in an office environment.
14. What is the best summary of the passage?
A. The primary destinations for Indonesian coffee export are the US, Japan and Western Europe
B. Total production of Indonesian coffee over the same period has increased
C. Indonesia is well placed to capitalize on the fast-rising demand in the ASEAN region
D. The various coffee-growing in the country produce beans of distinct flavors
E. Indonesia’s coffee growing and Indonesia’s coffee industry needs growth capital
15. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 in the passage?
A. The coffee export has decreased in several years
B. Total production deducted from 419,220 tonnes to 763,800 tonnes
C. Indonesian coffee exports increased from 2000/2001 to 2012/2013
D. Indonesia is in a good site to take advantage of fast-rising demand in ASEAN
E. The US, Japan and Western Europe are the destination for Indonesian coffee
Questions 16 - 19 are based on the following passage.
How are we able to find things in the dark? It is because our brain is able to store information in such a
way that it can be retrieved by different senses. It turns out that the ability to recognise objects across different
senses is present in the tiny brains of an insect. Researchers at Queen Mary University of London and
Macquarie University in Sydney have published new work in the journal Science showing that bumblebees can
also find objects in the dark they've only seen before.
In the light, but barred from touching the objects, bumblebees were trained to find rewarding sugar
water in one type of object (cubes or spheres) and bitter quinine solution in the other shape. When tested in
the dark, bees preferred the object that was previously rewarding, spending more time exploring them.
Dr Cwyn Solvi is the lead author on the paper who was based at Queen Mary University of London and is
now at Macquarie University in Sydney. She said: "The results of our study show that bumblebees don't
process their senses as separate channels -- they come together as some sort of unified representation."
Selene Gutierrez Al-Khudhairy, co-author on the paper, and now PhD student at the University of York,
said: "This is an amazing feat when you consider the miniscule size of a bee's brain. Future investigations of the
neural circuitry underlying this ability in bees may one day help reveal how our own brains imagine the world
as we do."
 
16. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To explain how bumblebees react to the light.
B. To motivate the readers to preserve bumblebees in the wild.
C. To reveal how important bumblebees are to human survival.
D. To inform a study on the ability of bumblebees in the absence of light.
E. To report the procedure of a study on bumblebees conducted by Dr Cwyn Solvi. 

17. The word “barred” in paragraph two can be best replaced by….
A. blocked B. distracted C. permitted D. provided E. unsealed
 
18. In which paragraph is it mentioned about the benefits of the research for humans?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5
 
19. The writer’s intention in writing the sentence “It turns out that the ability to recognise objects across
different senses is present in the tiny brains of an insect.” in paragraph 1 is to…
A. confirm that humans and insects are quite similar.
B. emphasize the need for a research on certain insects.
C. prove that bumblebees can see in the dark as well as humans.
D. exemplify the kinds of insects which are able to sense objects in the dark.
E. pinpoint that humans are not the only one who possess the ability mentioned.
 
Questions 20 - 22 are based on this passage.
Thomas Matulessy, also known as Kapitan Pattimura or Ahmad Lussy or simply Pattimura, was an
Ambonese soldier and National Hero of Indonesia.
Pattimura was born on 8 June 1783 in Saparua, Maluku; the name Pattimura was his pseudonym. His
parents were Frans Matulessia and Fransina Tilahoi, and he had a little brother named Yohanis.
Pattimura joined the British army after they took the Maluku islands from the Dutch colonials. When the
islands were returned to the Dutch in 1816, he was dismissed. Concerned that the Dutch would implement
programs that limited his people, Pattimura led an armed rebellion that captured Fort Duurstede on 16 May
1817. Killing the inhabitants of the fortress and fighting off Dutch reinforcements, on 29 May he was declared
the leader of the Maluku people.
Due to betrayal from Booi's king, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta, Pattimura was arrested on 11 November
1817. He and his fellows were sentenced to death. On 16 December 1817, Pattimura together with Anthony
Reebok, Philip Latumahina, and Said Perintah were hanged in front of Fort Nieuw Victoria in Ambon.
Pattimura and his war have been used as symbols for both Maluku independence, such as with the short-
lived Republic of South Maluku, and Indonesian patriotism. In Ambon, he is commemorated in the names of
the University of Pattimura, Pattimura Airport, and a street, as well as a statue; there are also streets named
after him throughout the archipelago.

20. What is the topic of the passage?

A. The life and struggle of Thomas Matulessy.
B. Pattimura as the leader of the Maluku people.
C. Indonesian National Revolution led by Pattimura.
D. Controversy over the capture of Thomas Matulessy.
E. The causal effect of Indonesian War of Independence.
 
21. It can be predicted from the passage that ...
A. Indonesia was backed up by the British army during the war.
B. the war of Maluku is considered as the heaviest independence war.
C. had Pattimura not been betrayed, the Dutch would have lost the war.
D. the Dutch would have sold Indonesian women and children to other countries.
E. King of Booi would have been the leader of the Maluku people after he cooperated with the Dutch.
 
22. The best restatement for the sentence “Due to betrayal from Booi's king, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta,
Pattimura was arrested on 11 November 1817.” is….
A. Pattimura was captured on 11 November 1817 for King of Booi, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta disagreed
with him.
B. On 11 November 1817, King of Booi cooperated with the Dutch to execute Pattimura and the other
combatants.
C. Booi’s king, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta arrested Pattimura on 11 November 1817 because he betrayed
the Dutch.
D. The Dutch, with the help of King of Booi and his colleagues, managed to find Pattimura on 11
November 1817.
E. King of booi together with Pati Akoon and Tuanakotta sold Pattimura out and made him captured on
11 November 1817.
 
 23. Which statement is inappropriate with the information provided in the passage?

A. A sculpture was erected to salute Pattimura.

B. A life sentence handed down to Pattimura for his action against the Dutch.

C. As well as King of Booi, Tuanakotta objected to Pattimura’s standpoint.

D. Pattimura no longer served the Kingdom of Great Britain when he ambushed Fort Duurstede.

E. Fort Nieuw Victoria witnessed the execution of Pattimura, Anthony Reebok, Philip Latumahina, and Said
Perintah.