Phoropter

Phoropter Head
Head Parts
Parts and
and their
their
Functions
Functions
1. Spirit level - It projects horizontal tilt of the phoropter head and indicates level position.
2. PD knob - Used to line up patient’s eyes in the center of eye ports; does not converge
below 55mm and max. Extension of 75mm.
3. Leveling knob - Used to make the bubble on the level aligns with the dot, with this you
can able to tell if patient is level.
4. PD scale - Indicator of measurement made by turning PD knob.
5. Vergence lever - It controls near of far interpupillary distance, it is adjusted in testing of
near or far vision with and inward for 4mm decrease and slight inward tilt.
6. Auxiliary lens scale - The values to be selected upon rotating the auxiliary lens knob.
7. Auxiliary lens knob - Aperture control know which determines what the patient
actually looks through when seated behind the phoropter.
8. Weak sphere dial - Can be rotated up and down, controls sphere lenses from plano to
+ to -20D in 0.25D steps.
9. Sphere power scale - Lens w/ optical power same in all meridian, in diopters, provides
measure sphere power, black for plus and red for minus.
10. Strong sphere control - Provides large change in sphere power w/ 3D steps, max
value is combined w/ weak sphere dial ranges from +16.75DS to +19DS, clockwise +3DS
change counterclockwise -3DS change.
11. Rotary prism unit/ Risley prism control - Is an ingenious device consisting of two
rotating 10 diopter prisms mounted in a metal case. When the prism are aligned base to
base, the total prism strength is 20D when prisms are aligned base to apex they cancel each
other and the total prism strength is zero.
12. Cylinder axis knob - Axis is the meridian of cylinder with the minimum power
perpendicular to maximum power meridian. Maximum of 360 degrees of rotation for scale
0-180, it controls the minus cylinder lenses that are mounted inside the instrument in a
rotating wheel.
13. Cylinder power knob - Cylinder is a lens that has different refractive or optical power
in each meridian, power control of 0.25D steps clockwise for -0.25 and counterclockwise
for +0.25.
14. Cross cylinder unit - It usually contains +0.25 cylinder combined with -0.25 cylinder;
can be rotated to determine axis of cylinder.
15. Jackson cross cylinder - Determines axis and power of cylinder, lens with equal + or -
90 degrees apart, mounted in a ring and a handle halfway bet. The + and - axis or mounted
in the phoropter with a knurled knob that rotates.
16. Cylinder power scale - The axis cylinder of the lens is shown on the scale, provides
current cylinder value with a max. Value of -6.00D cylinder and uses auxiliary lens for
higher values.
17. Cylinder axis reference scale - Axis position of the cylinder lens is shown, gross axis
cylinder with an accuracy of +/-15.
18. Cylinder axis indicators - Provides value of cylinder axis.

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