Chapter - Iii Genesis and Growth of Coir Industry

CHAPTER - III
GENESIS AND GROWTH OF COIR INDUSTRY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Coir industry is one among the few rural industries. It converts coconut husk,
a waste into wealth. It occupies a socially and economically paramount importance in
states like Kerala where one third of the villages are coir village. It is also a fast
growing industry in Tamil Nadu, Andra Pradesh, Karnataka, West Bengal and Orissa
where coconut cultivation is large followed by their staple crops. It provides
employment to thousands of people who belong to socially and economically weaker
sections of the rural population. The industry also has a strong export oriented
prospects from the very beginning. As it is growing at a faster phase in all the
southern states of the country, it is considered a national industry not only under law
but also in its extent.
By considering its impact on the rural economy of the coastal regions of South
India and its future potentiality, any patronage extended either by the central or the
state government would result in strengthening the industry in particular and the rural
economy of India in general. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to present the
overview of the coir industry by discussion, its growth, production, consumption,
export and employment along with its recent development so as to provide enough
setting for further discussion.
55
Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

3.2 MEANING
Coir is a product of the coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) sometimes known as
coco fibre. The substance is extracted from the hairy husk of coconuts and used to
create a variety of products such as mats, carpets, upholstery stuffing and brushes.
Coir, pronounced KOY-er, is a very coarse, stiff fibre and it is also extremely resistant
to rot and salt water, making it an ideal material for situations in which other fibres
would decay.
3.3 GENESIS
Coir industry evolution has great episode in itself. Coir industry prospers well
only in areas where coconut production is abundant because coconut husk is the raw
material for the industry. The development of coir industry began taking root in India
alongside the coconut groves. So the history of coir industry can be dated back to that
of the fruits of the coconut plam. It is rightly remarked that one cannot narrate the
story of coir except by starting with the coconut tree where it really begins.
Coconut is one of the oldest and enduring gifts of Mother Nature to mankind.
There is no authentic account as to how coconut arrived in India. According to Indian
Coconut Committee’s “History and Home of Coconut” in September 1954, the
coconut palm originated in Sri Lanka. In India, the coconut tree is nature of Malabar
Coast. Now it is known as Kerala. The name Kerala itself is derived from the coconut
tree. (Kera = coconut and Alam = Land).
According to early Greek chronicles, it was Megasthenes, Ambassador of the
Seluces Nicater, who introduced to the Indian King, Chandra Gupta about the
56

Coconut palm, which he found in Sri Lanka in 300 BC. The first mentions of the
coconut palm were believed to have been generated during the circumnavigation of
the globe by Frealinand Megellan between 1577 and 1580 and by Francis Drake
between 1577 and 1580. Martius claimed that South America as the origin of coconut
and the coconut has a recorded history of 2000 to 3000 years in the Castrol area of Sri
Lanka and South India. Arab writers have mentioned Indian coir as early as the
eleventh century, the use of coir as ships cables, fenders and rigging the remarkable
international correspondent Marco Polo’s celebrated travelogue of the twelth century
gives the first and finest description of the various uses of the coconut fibre and
recorded how it was made out of the fibre extracted from coconut husk. During the
thirteenth century there was evidence of coir yarn being used in building ships in the
Persian Gulf.
Coir becomes to be known in Europe only by the middle of the sixteenth
century when coir fibre and ropes were introduced in to Europe through the Arabs and
the Portuguese. England had the first reference to coir industry as early as 140 years
ago. Coir attains commercial importance in England as a result of great international
exhibition held n 1851 in London. The coir industry was in U.K before the 2nd half of
the nineteenth century. The coir manufacturing industry producing coir mats, mattings
and other floor coverings was started in India on factory basis over a hundred years
ago when the first factory was set up in Alleepy in 1859 by Mr. James Darrach, an
Ireland born American National.
57

3.4 COIR INDUSTRY IN TAMIL NADU
Tamil Nadu is one of the major coir producing state in the country. Coir
industry is concentrated in the Districts of Kanyakumari, Tirunelveli, Coimbatore,
Thanjavur, Madurai, Dindigul, Theni, Salem, Dharmapuri and Vellore. With regard to
fibre production, Tamil Nadu stands second only to Kerala, but in the production of
brown fibre the state stands first in the country. Brown coir is used for manufacturing
fibre, coir yarn, coir rope, coir mattings, curled coir and rubberized coir mattresses,
pillows etc. The brown fibre is cheaper and less time consuming when compared to
traditional fibre manufacturing process. The annual production of fibre was 1.33 lakh
MTs per annum and contributing 65 per cent of total production in India. 40 per cent
of the fibre produced in the state is transported to Kerala and the utilization of husk
for coir industry in the state is 44 per cent.
Coir industry is providing employments to more than 72,840 persons. In those
women workers are 52,810 and men 20,030. There are 5,399 coir units in Tamil
Nadu, out of which 5,333 are in the private sector and co-operative sector 66. There
are 4,706 yarn spinning and rope making units, 571 fibre extraction units, 103 curled
coir manufacturing units, 8 rubberized coir units, 7 coir pith processing units and 4
manufacturing societies. Frame-mats and geo textiles are produced in a small way.
There is scope for increasing the utilization of coconut husks up to 60 per cent which
will increase the production of fibre from the existing level of 1.10 lakh MTs to 1.89
lakh MTs generating additional employment to more than 22,000 persons, particularly
in the rural areas.
58

3.5 WORLD COIR PRODUCTION AND INDIA’S SHARE
The golden textured Indian coir fibre which earned the unofficial brand name
“Golden fibre” captured the European and world markets from 1960 to till date. India
is the largest producer of coir fibre in the world and it reached its height of being the
forerunner in the coir markets of the world, accounting for more than 90 per cent of
the total world production of coir fibre. More than 6, 50,000 employees are there in all
parts of the coir industry. India accounts for more than two-third of the world
population of coir and coir products, its exports are around 700 million. The total coir
production in the world and India’s share are presented in the below table.
59

TABLE 3.1
WORLD COIR PRODUCTION AND INDIA’S SHARE
Production (in Metric Tonnes)
S. No Year World production India
1 2000-01 563.00 361.00
2 2001-02 583.00 482.00
3 2002-03 611.00 348.00
4 2003-04 896.21 362.00
5 2004-05 1,029.25 477.00
6 2005-06 1,117.26 550.00
7 2006-07 1,166.27 588.00
8 2007-08 1,111.27 533.00
9 2008-09 1,356.07 580.00
10 2009-10 4,263.18 548.00
Total 12,696.51 4829.00

Source: http://www.fao stat.fao.org
It is understood from the Table 3.1 the world coir production was rapidly
increased from 2001-2010. The global coir production has touched 563 MTs in
which India share was 361 MTs the year 2000-01. However, the coir fibre
production witnessed an increase up to 583 MTs in which India share was 482 MTs
the year 2001-02. Global production has continued to increase up to 611 MTs tones,
in which India’s share was decreased up to 348.00 MTs in the year 2002-03. It
continued to increase 896.21 MTs in which India’s share was managed to raise
362.00 MTs in the year 2003-04. However, global coir fibre production witnessed an
60

increase up to 1029.25 MTs in which India’s share was 477.00 MTs during the year
2004-05. It continued to increase 1117.26 MTs in which India’s share was 550.00
MTs in the year 2005-06. However, the global coir production has witnessed an
increase up to 1166.27 MTs in which India’s share was 588.00 MTs in the year
2006-07. The global coir production has sudden fall of 1111.27 MTs in which
India’s share was 533.00 MTs in the year 2007-08. However, the world coir
production has managed to raise up to 1356.07 MTs in which India’s share was
580.00 MTs in the year 2008-09 and 4263.18 MTs in which India’s share was 548.00
MTs at the end of the study period.
3.6 VARIETIES OF COIR FIBRE PRODUCTS
Depending upon the method of extraction coir fibre is two varieties namely
“White fibre” and “Brown fibre”.
3.6.1 White fibre
White fibre is extracted from husk of matured coconut after a unique process
known as Retting. For retting, the green husk is kept in saline water for a period of six
to eight months. Then it is taken out and beaten by hand. This process removes the
'lignin' and 'tannin' and gives coir the white fibre which is extracted by hand. India has
the virtual monopoly for white fibre in the world. It is more suited for spinning coir
yarn, mats, matting, carpets and rope. In fact, white fibre is ideally suited for carpets
and mats because it is soft in nature and hence conducive for spinning. It also
assimilates colour better. As such it facilitates the manufacture of a wide range of
products in various designs, shapes and sizes.
61

3.6.2 Brown fibre
The brown fibre is outcome of fully matured coconut which lose their green
colour in the process. The dry coconut husk is directly fed into the machine for the
extraction of fibre. Brown fibre comprising of bristle fibres, which are the coarser,
thicker and longer staples and mattress fibres, which are finer and shorter staples, is
extracted from unretted husk. Brown coir is used to make coir ropes, rubberized coir,
mattresses, pillows, rugs and carpets.
3.7 MAJOR COIR PRODUCTS
The coir yarn, when woven into fabrics, takes various forms, namely mats,
matting, rugs, maurzokus and carpets, according to the type of the material used for
the pattern of weaving, texture and thickness. The products are used for both
functional as well as decorative purposes. The major coir products are discussed
below.
3.7.1 Coir mats
Coir mat is an exemplary comfort material which is most popular and widely
used as rod mats, creel mats, loop mats, malting mats, signet mats, corridor mats,
mesh mat, rope mats, non woven mat, rubber tufted mats and P.V.C. tufted mats.
3.7.2 Coir Matting
Coir mats are made up to traditional hand looms or power looms. These coir
mats are mainly used for floor coverings, runners furnishing stairs or corridors, wall
paneling, ceiling, etc. It is available in natural, bleached, solid colours and multitude
of designs and patterns.
62

3.7.3 PVC Tufted Coir Mat
PVC tufted coir mat is a unique mat which is suitable for any kind of
doorways. It is more elegant to look at, more and more modern and seasonal designs
are printed on to it, using a ago - free emulsion. These mats could be made in any size
as per buyers’ choice. It is economically priced as well.
3.7.4 Coir Rugs
Natural coir mats, coir rugs and coir runners available in many sizes, designs
and weaves. It is hundred per cent natural fibre, extracted from the husks of coconuts.
Woven into rugs, coir becomes one of the most robust and versatile floorings made
from one of the world's most environmentally friendly fibres. Coir rugs are stunning
practical and can add a wonderful natural feel to any room in the house. Coir rugs can
be used in kitchens, bedrooms, dining rooms, hallways and conservatories.
3.7.5 Coir Mourzouks
Coir Mourzouks and coir carpets are different from matting in that the surface
is formed by the weft. The special weaving enables production of intricate designs
and presents a heavy-wearing material available in standard rug sizes.
3.7.6 Coir Carpet
Coir Carpet are made from coconut husk's to produce a material of great
strength these extremely strong fibres make a tough and slightly course floor covering
that is hard wearing fibres are extracted from the shell then crushed dried in the sun
and then woven into the beautiful floor covering.
63

3.7.7 Pile Carpet
Pile carpet has to do with the density of the carpet fibres that are used to create
the weave on rugs and carpets. Along with carpet thickness, the length of the
individual fibres used in the weave also determines the carpet pile. Carpet pile varies
from one carpet design to another.
3.8 NON-WOVEN ITEMS
3.8.1 Coir Bhoovastra
Coir bhoovastra is regarded as a complete geo textile to prevent soil erosion
and promote vegetation cover. It is naturally resistant to rot, moulds, moisture and
needs no chemical treatment. Coir bhoovastra is hard and strong and it is not only
protect the soil but can even be used as a protection against sea erosion, dispending
with the unsightly rocks that line sea shores and affording better protection against the
onslaught of the raging sea in the monsoons. It is also resistant to saline water and has
longevity in high coastal regions.
3.8.2 Rubberized Coir
Rubberized coir made out of natural latex. Coir fibre is a hundred per cent
natural products, which enhance comfort and support. Blended with anti-oxidants,
rubberized coir is comfortable because they are designed to offer perfect support and
they allow air circulation. Since rubberized coir is comfortable because they are
designed to offers perfect.
64

3.8.3 Rubberized Coir Sheets
Rubberized coir sheets shall be manufactured using coir fibre and natural
rubber latex. The untwisted fibre is fed into a sheet machine. The sheet is now
sprayed with rubber latex compounded with chemicals and the conveyor is passed
through successive drying chambers where the water content in the latex. It
evaporated and the fibres get bonded with a rubber and the continuous bonded sheet
of required width comes out from the machine. The sheet is then cut to pieces of
required length. These sheets are fed into hydraulic steam heated press for ten to
fifteen minutes to obtain required thickness of the rubberized coir mats. These are
then loaded into a hot air chamber where they get vulcanized. Rubberized coir sheets
are used for cushions, insulation pads, etc.
3.8.4 Coir Gypsum Board
Coir Gypsum Board is light weight, durable and resistive to most of
weathering conditions. Additionally, these are also available in a wide variety of
designs and patterns to enhance the interior as well as exterior of residential and
commercial buildings. They are widely used in construction industry and it is
available in various specifications for its durable nature.
3.8.5 Coco logs
Coco logs are long knotted coir nettings filled with coir fibre, which are
widely used on stream banks, sea shores and lake shores for controlling the sand slide.
It is also used in desert areas for controlling sand overcomes. Coco logs can be cut
into sections and stacked for stream bank stabilization, structures. It is available in a
variety of lengths and densities for different application.
65

3.8.6 Mattress
The natural fibre filled mattress is made from coconut husk fibres that are
bound together with natural latex. The coir pad is layered between foam and polyester
wadding. It offers comfort and resilience. It is also available in any size or shape.
3.8.7 Coir Needle Felt Material
Coir fibres are rolled into sheets to form coir needle felt material. It is
generally used as mattress material, plant liners and other high end garden articles.
This is also being used as insulation pads, geo textiles insulation pads, geo textiles and
organic mulch. Coir geo textiles are used in different forms like woven, non-woven,
stitched blankets etc. for various soil bio engineering applications. They also used in
erosion control of soil.
3.8.8 Curled Coir / Twisted Coir / Coir Rope
Curled coir rope is made out of matured brown coir fibre. The raw material
used to produce curled coir rope is processed using sophisticated technology. These
coir ropes are known for their strength and have long lasting functional life in India.
Our coconut coir rope is eco-friendly, durable and cost effective.
3.8.9 Coir Yarn
Coir yarn is made out of the fibre extracted from coconut husk. Coir yarns and
ropes posses a lot of tensile strength and are handy to use and store.
66

3.8.10 Coir Pith
Coconut coir pith is an organic, natural product derived from coconut husks
and is widely used in farming. The major role played by coco coir peat in farming is
due to its water absorbent property and it is an excellent soil conditioner. The coco
peat is dried and processed to produce different items, namely coco pith blocks, coco
peat briquettes, coco peat tablets, etc. It is an excellent enhancer for growing plants
and has natural rooting hormones and anti-fungal properties.
3.9 COIR GARDEN PRODUCTS
3.9.1 Coir Cut Fibre
Coconut coir cut fibre is recognized as a high air fill porosity material that
mixes any soil or peat. It extends air fill porosity and also good watering top ground
that prevents directly from intensive sunlight.
3.9.2 Coir Liners
Coir linear baskets that are manufactured out of coir fibre mixed with natural
rubber to give strength and durability. These products are widely made for use of roof
gardening and internal gardening purposes that give attractive look to the decorative.
These baskets can hang on the garden premises in an attractive manner. Moreover, the
water retention capacity of these products keeps the plant fresh and helps faster
growth and this product is environment friendly and bio degradable.
3.9.3 Coir Hanking Baskets
Coir hanking baskets are made from coir fibre blended with natural rubbers,
which are hundred per cent biodegradable and used for the domestic gardening. These
67

baskets are less weight and an organic property of coir makes them viable for internal
gardening. Plants grow faster and healthy in coir baskets.
3.9.4 Coir Pots
Coir pots are made from coir fibre blended with natural rubber. Coir pots are
used for horticulture, in ornamental plant, vine and tree nurseries, as well as for the
domestic gardening. Where plants grow in coir pots preservers roots from breaking
and develops many tiny throughout the walls. These coir pots retain water for long
time also acts as an organic nutrition to the plants.
3.9.5 Husk Chips
Dried husks are cut into various small medium and large sizes. It has mixed
with charcoal and firewood and used as a mot mixture for orchid and a rhodium
plantations.
3.10 NATURE OF PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED
The nature of product has been divided into two major segments, which are
white fibre and brown fibre. White fibre is processed to get products like doormats,
mattings, carpets, geo textiles, etc. Brown fibre is processed to get finished products
like, coir rope, curled coir, coir yarn, rubberized coir, coir pillows, coir brusses and
other coir products.
68

TABLE 3.2
NATURE OF PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED
White Percentage Brown Percentage

S. No. Nature of Products
Fibre (%) Fibre (%)
1. Coir Fibre 108 41.22 108 36
2. Coir Rope 8 3.05 8 2.67
3. Curled Coir 48 18.32 64 21.33
4. Coir Pith 65 24.81 65 21.67
Coir Fibre, Coir Yarn,

15
5. Coir Rope and Curled 33 12.60 45
Coir
6. Other products 0 0 10 3.33
Total 262 100 300 100

Source: Computed from Primary data
It is divulged from the Table 3.2 that out of 262 respondent only 41.22 per
cent of the respondent manufactured coir fibre and 3.05 percent of the respondents
manufactured coir rope. It is observed that, 18.32 per cent of the respondents
manufactured curled coir, 21.81 per cent of the respondents manufactured coir pith
and the remaining 12.60 per cent of the respondents manufactured coir fibre, coir
yarn, coir rope and curled coir products in white fibre.
Among the total 300 respondents in brown fibre, 36 percent of the respondents
manufactured coir fibre, 2.67 per cent of the respondents manufactured coir rope and
21.33 per cent of the respondents manufactured curled coir. It denotes that 21. 67 per
cent of the respondents manufactured coir pith, 12.60 per cent of the respondents
69

manufactured coir fibre, coir yarn, coir rope and curled coir products and the
remaining 3.33 per cent of the respondents produce other products in brown fibre.
It denotes that most of the respondents have to produce coir fibre.
3.11 PRODUCTION PROCESS OF COIR INDUSTRY
The production process of coir starts from the extraction of coir fibre, it is
involving a lengthy process of either retting or unretting of coconut husk. Thus, the
process of the extraction of the fibre is done through two methods viz the traditional
method (retting) and the mechanical method (unretting).
The traditional method is generally followed in coastal areas where backish
water facility is available. This method is gradually on the wane as the production of
coir fibre and coir products spreads to non-traditional areas. The advent of the
mechanical method of extraction reduces the period of retting and speeds up the
products of fibre. By using coir fibre, coir yarn, coir products and rubberization of
coir products and affected.
70

CHART 3.1
PROCESSING OF COIR PRODUCTION
HUSK
GREEN HUSK DEY/ SEMIDEY

HUSK
NATURAL SOAKING/MACH
RETTING EXTRACTION
WHITE BROWN CLOUR

COLOUR FIBRE FIBRE
YARN FLOOR CURLED COIR

COVERING NEEDLED
FELT YARN
2 PLY & CURLED COIR

MAT RUBBERIZED
3 PLY MATTING
YARN COIR
CARPETS MATIRESSES
ROPS & WOVEN NEEDLED FELT

CARDAGES GEO FABRICS NON-WOVEN
GEO FABRICS
YARN
WOVEN
GEO FABRICS
71

3.12 PURCHASE OF RAWMATERIALS
Coir fibre is the basic raw material for all types of coir products manufactured.
In this study, purchase of raw materials has been analysed in four categories, viz.,
own production, purchase from farmers and own production as well as purchase from
farmers and from dealers. The following details furnish the purchase of raw materials
by the respondents.
TABLE 3.3
PURCHASE OF RAWMATERIALS
S. No. Purchase No. of. Respondents Percentage (%)

1. Own Production 20 7
2. From Farmers 41 14
Own Production & From
3. 26 9
Farmers
4. From Dealers 213 71
Total 300 100
Source: Computed from Primary data
It is evinced from the Table 3.3 that out of 300 respondents, 7 percent of the
respondents produce coir fibre in their own land for their purpose, 14 per cent of the
respondents purchase from farmers, 9 per cent of the respondents produce their own
production as well as purchased from farmers and remaining 71 per cent of the
respondents purchase from dealers.
It evinces that most of the respondents purchase raw materials from dealers.
72

3.13 INTRODUCTION TO COIR BOARD
The Coir Board is a statutory body established under the Coir Industry Act, 45
of 1953 for the promotion and development of coir industry as well as export market
of coir and coir products in India as a whole and also promoting the overall
development of the coir industry and improving the living conditions of the workers
engaged in the traditional industry. Some of the functions of the Coir Board for the
development of coir industry include:
3.14 FUNCTIONS OF COIR BOARD
The main functions of the Coir Board as laid down in Section-10 of the Coir
Industry Act are as given below:
1. Undertaking scientific, technological and economic research and development
activities.
2. Collection of statistics relating to exports and internal consumption of coir and
coir products.
3. Development of new products, marketing of coir products in India and abroad
and also preventing unfair competition among producers and exporters.
4. Assisting in the establishment of units of the manufacturers of products.
5. Promoting co-operative organizations among producers of husk, coir, fibre,
yarn and manufactures of coir products, ensuring remunerative returns to
producers and manufactures.
6. Advising on all matters relating to the development of the coir Industry.
73

3.14.1 MARKET DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE SCHEME
The Domestic Market Development Assistance Scheme was introduced by
MSME (earlier known as ARI) and implemented by Coir Board with effect from
2000-01. The promotion of the sales of coir products in India and abroad is one of the
important functions of the Coir Board. The MDA popularizing coir and coir products
through publicity, organizing international fairs and exhibitions in different parts of
the country, undertaking product promotion programmes. This scheme provides
financial assistance to the apex Co-operative Societies, Central Coir Co-operative
Societies, Primary Coir Co-operative Societies and Public Sector Enterprises in the
coir industry. This scheme was implemented in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and
Orissa. The MDA is granted 10 per cent of the average annual sales turnover of coir
products.
74

TABLE 3.4
SALES OF COIR AND COIR PRODUCTS THROUGH COIR BOARD
(Rs. in Lakhs)
S. No Year Value
1 2000-01 964.83
2 2001-02 926.80
3 2002-03 692.45
4 2003-04 727.29
5 2004-05 762.55
6 2005-06 754.86
7 2006-07 780.95
8 2007-08 1,031.15
9 2008-09 1,119.30
10 2009-10 748.85
Total 8,509.03
Source: Annual Reports of Coir Board, 2000-2010
From the Table 3.4 it is realized that the sale of coir and coir products through
Coir Board’s has Rs. 964.83 lakhs during the year 2000-01. It has a sudden fall of
Rs. 926.80 lakhs in the year 2001-02. It has witnessed a sudden fall of Rs. 692.45
lakhs in the year 2002-03. However, the following two years the sales have rapidly
increased to Rs. 727.29 lakhs and Rs. 762.55 in the year 2003-04 and 2004-05
respectively. It has a sudden fall of Rs. 754.86 lakhs in the year 2005-06. However,
the following two years sale of coir products continued to increase Rs. 780.95 lakhs
dring the year 2006-07 and Rs. 1,031.15 lakhs during the year 2007-08 respectively.
Coir Board sales has witnessed an increase of Rs. 1,119.30 lakhs in the year 2008-09.
It was the remarkable sales during the study period. However, sales have sudden fall
of Rs. 748.85 lakhs at the end of the study period.
75

3.14.2 DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTION INFRASTRUCTURE
The Coir Board has been implementing a scheme for extension of financial
assistance to coir entrepreneurs for establishing a new coir units and modernization
and renovation of existing coir units. The details of financial assistance given to the
units during 2000-2010 are given below.
TABLE 3.5
ASSISTANCE AVAILABLE UNDER DPI
(Rs. in Lakhs)
S. No Year Number of Units Amount
1 2000-01 119 127.47
2 2001-02 39 50.36
3 2002-03 25 28.71
4 2003-04 58 73.16
5 2004-05 48 69.94
6 2005-06 77 144.57
7 2006-07 61 81.73
8 2007-08 152 144.37
9 2008-09 82 66.49
10 2009-10 24 20.73
Total 687 807.53
It is understood from the Table 3.5 that the financial assistance allocated for
the development of production infrastructure scheme. In the year 2000-01, 119 units
were utilized the scheme with the value of Rs. 127.47 lakhs. However, the financial
assistance has witnessed a sudden fall of 39 units with the sanctioned value of
Rs. 50.36 lakhs and 25 units with the value of Rs. 28.71 lakhs in the year
2001-02 and 2002-03 respectively. Even though, the financial assistance has managed
76

to increase up to 58 units with the value of Rs. 73.16 lakhs during the year 2003-04. It
has decreased as 48 units with the value of Rs. 69.94 lakhs during the year 2004-05.
The financial assistance has witnessed a sudden increase of 77 units with the value of
Rs. 144.57 lakhs in the year 2005-06. It is the highest sanctioned value in the study
period. Even though, it has a sudden fall of 61 units with the value of Rs. 81.73 lakhs
in the year 2006-07. However, the financial assistance has witnessed an increase up to
152 units with the sanctioned value of Rs. 144.37 lakhs 2007-08. This is the highest
number of units benefited under the study period. The following two years units
beneficial have decreased 82 units with the sanctioned value of Rs. 66.49 lakhs and 26
units with the value of Rs. 20.73 lakhs in the year 2008-09 and 2009-10 respectively.
3.14.3 NATIONAL COIR TRAINING AND DESIGN CENTRE
Skilled manpower development through training is one of the major activities of
Coir Board. The Board is having the following training institutions to impart training
in coir processing and manufacturing of value added products. The National Training
centre was established in 1965. The training centre’s are
 National Coir Training and Design Centre, Kalavoor, Alleppey.
 Research cum Extension Centre, Tenkasi and Thanjuvur in Tamil Nadu
 The field training centers of regional offices of Pollachi, Bangaure, Rajamundri,
Bhubaneswar, Trivandrum, Kannur, Kolkata and Guwahati.
The following training programmes were conducted by these Centers.
Advanced Training Courses (one year), Artisans Training Course (six months)
training in spinning coir yarn on motorized ratt, motorized traditional ratt for women
under Mahila Coir Yojana (Two months), training in coir Handicrafts and coir
77

ornaments, short term training on the application of coir ret and pith plus, training to
women spinners to spin important trade varieties of coir yarn having market demand,
training in repair and maintenance of coir processing machineries to ITI passed
candidates, training course in manufactures of frame mats, orientation training
programme and short term training in Geo textile. During the year 2000-2010 the
numbers of persons trained were given below.
TABLE 3.6
NO. OF PERSONS TRAINED IN NATIONAL COIR TRAINING
AND DESIGN CENTRE
S. No Year No. of. Persons Trained

1 2000-01 1,316
2 2001-02 2,430
3 2002-03 3,371
4 2003-04 6,829
5 2004-05 13,318
6 2005-06 38,346
7 2006-07 8,697
8 2007-08 8,987
9 2008-09 9,916
10 2009-10 9,007
Total 1,02,217
From the table 3.6 it is evinced that 1,316 persons were trained in the year
2000-01. Number of persons were trained rapidly increase from the study period
2001-02 to 2005-06. However, it has suddenly increased a witness up to 38,346
persons were trained in the year 2005-06. It was more number of persons trained in
78

the study period. Even though, it has witnessed a sudden fall of 8,697 persons trained
during the year 2006-07. However, the following two years it continued to increase
8,987 persons and 9,916 persons were trained during the year during the year 2007-08
and 2008-09 respectively. 9,007 persons were trained at the end of the study period.
3.14.4 MAHILA COIR YOJANA
The Mahila Coir Yojana is the first women oriented self employment scheme
implemented by the Coir Board in the year 1994, which provides self employment
opportunities to the rural women artisans in regions producing coir fibre. The
conversion of coir fibre into yarn on motorized ratt and motorized traditional rats in
rural households provides scope for large scale employment, improvement in
productivity, quality, better working conditions and higher income to the workers.
The scheme envisages distribution of motorized rats and motorized traditional rats in
the ratio of 40:60 respectively for spinning coir yarn to women artisans after giving
them training. The details of distribution of ratts and the assistance sanctioned during
the 2001-2010 given below.
79

TABLE 3.7
DISTRIBUTION OF RATTS
(Rs. in Lakhs)
S. No Year No. of Ratts Distributed Assistance
1 2000-01 452 Sanctioned

29.76
2 2001-02 221 15.06
3 2002-03 1,303 38.79
4 2003-04 1,556 64.25
5 2004-05 3,212 112.79
6 2005-06 4,220 122.00
7 2006-07 21,130 569.27
8 2007-08 2,509 64.29
9 2008-09 3,009 85.81
10 2009-10 264 9.62
Total 37,876 542.37
Source: Annual Reports of Coir Board
It is observed from the Table 3.7 that, 452 ratts were distributed with the value
of Rs. 29.76 lakhs during the year 2000-01. It has sudden fall of 221 ratts with the
value of Rs. 15.06 lakhs during the year 2001-02. However, the ratt distribution has
suddenly increased 1,303 ratts with the value of Rs. 38.79 lakhs during the year 2002-
03. The following two years it continued to increase 1,556 ratts with the value of
Rs. 64.25 lakhs during the year 2003-04 and 3,212 ratts distributed with the value of
Rs. 112.79 lakhs during the year 2004-05 respectively. In the year 2005-06, 4,220
ratts were distributed with the value of Rs. 122.00 lakhs. However, it has suddenly
increased a witness of 21,130 ratts with the value of Rs. 569.27 lakhs in the year
2006-07. It has witnessed a sudden fall of 2,509 ratts distributed with the value of
Rs. 64.29 lakhs during the year 2007-08. Even though, it has managed to raise up to
80

3,009 ratts with the value of Rs. 85.81 lakhs during the year 2008-2009. It has sudden
fall of 264 ratts with the value of Rs. 9.62 lakhs at the end of the study period.
3.14.5 HINDUSTAN COIR
The Hindustan Coir was established in the year 1969, functioning under Coir
Board. It has been engaged in the production of quality power loom matting using the
existing infrastructure. The total production of Hindustan coir matting during 2000-01
to 2009-10 is given below.
TABLE 3.8
PRODUCTION OF HINDUSTAN COIR MATTING
S. No Year Quantity (Square Mtrs.) Value (Lakhs)

1 2000-01 2,72,328.00 287.27
2 2001-02 3,05,331.08 285.12
3 2002-03 1,54,270.06 144.06
4 2003-04 1,96,269.00 183.00
5 2004-05 2,12,536.14 245.26
6 2005-06 1,55,748.38 234.00
7 2006-07 1,74,660.00 253.00
8 2007-08 1,75,369.00 280.59
9 2008-09 1,82,515.00 306.62
10 2009-10 1.63,000.00 247.90
Total 1,99,2026.66 2466.76
Table 3.8 depicts the details of production of Hindustan coir matting. The total
quality of 2,72,328.00 sq.mtrs of matting were produced with the value of Rs. 287.27
lakhs during the year 2000-01. It continued to increase up to 3,05,331.08 sq.mtrs,
81

even though the value has fallen down to Rs. 285.12 lakhs in the year 2001-02. The
matting production has witnessed a sudden fall of 1,54,270.06 sq.mtrs with the value
of Rs. 144.06 lakhs in the year 2002-03. The following two years production has
witnessed to increase 1,96,269.00 sq.mtrs with the value of Rs. 183.00 lakhs in the
year 2003-04 and 2,12,536.14 sq.mtrs with the value of Rs. 245.26 lakhs during the
year 2004-05 respectively. It has witnessed a sudden fall of 1, 55,748.38 with the
value of Rs. 234.00 lakhs during the year 2005-06. However, the production of
Hindustan coir matting has managed to raise 1,74,660.00 MTs with the value of
Rs. 253 lakhs and 1,75,369 sq.mtrs with the value of Rs. 280.59 lakhs during the year
2006-07 and 2007-08 respectively. It has continued to increase the total quality of
1,82,515.00 sq.mtrs of matting is the highest value of Rs. 306.62 lakhs has been
produced during the year 2008-09. The total quantity of 1,63,000.00 sq.mtrs with the
value Rs. 247.90 lakhs at the end of the study period.
3.14.6 BUDGETARY SUPPORT TO THE COIR BOARD
For implementing the various schemes and programmes, the Government has
provided the following budgetary support to the Coir Board during 2002-03 to
2009-10 as given below.
82

TABLE 3.9
GOVERNMENT BUDGETARY SUPPORT TO THE COIR BOARD
(Rs. in Crore)
Budget
S. No Year Funds Released
Allocation (RE)
1 2002-03 15.60 13.77
2 2003-04 15.85 14.52
3 2004-05 18.00 16.80
4 2005-06 35.51 35.43
5 2006-07 23.00 22.90
6 2007-08 36.70 35.70
7 2008-09 47.60 47.60
8 2009-10 42.00 25.88
Total 234.26 212.60
From the Table 3.9 it is clearly denote that the budget allocated by the
Government for Coir Board in X and XI plan. The budget allocated by the
government was Rs. 15.60 crores, in which Rs. 13.77 crorers were released during the
year 2002-03. Budget allocation has continued to increase Rs. 15.85 crores in which
Rs. 14.52 crores were realized and Rs. 18.00 crores in which Rs. 16.80 crores were
realized during the year 2003-04 and 2004-05 respectively. In the year 2005-06, it
continued to increase a witness of Rs. 35.51 crores in which Rs. 35.43 crores were
realized at the end of X plan. However, the budget allocation has sudden fall of
Rs. 23.00 crores in which Rs. 22.90 crores were realized during the year 2006-07. In
the year 2007-08, Government proposed new scheme on Rejuvenation of Coir
Industries and the budget allocation has suddenly increased a witness of Rs. 36.70
crores in which Rs. 35.70 crores realized value. It continued to increase up to
83

Rs. 47.60 crores and the same value has realized during the year 2008-09. However, it
has suddenly declined to Rs. 42 crores in which Rs. 25.88 crores were realized at the
end of the study period.
3.15 TAMIL NADU STATE COIR CO-OPERATIVE MARKETING
FEDERATION LTD (TANCOFED)
TANCOFED was established in 1984 as an apex society. It is located in
Triplicane, Chennai. It provides marketing support to the primary societies as well as
Central coir Co-operative societies. TANCOFED procures the finished products from
the societies and sell in various places across the country.
3.16 CENTRAL COIR CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN TAMIL NADU
Three Central Coir Co-operative societies were located in different places at
Salem, Nagercoil and Tanjavur of Tamil Nadu. These societies are having own
production centers and also purchasing the finished products from primary coir Co-
operative societies based on the requirement. The major production of the Salem
Central Coir Co-operative Society is rope. This society is supplying the rope to
various states of the country. The Kanyakumari Central Coir Co-operative Society is
producing mats and mattings. The Tanjavur Central Coir Co-operative Society is
manufacturing rubberized mats.
3.17 PRIMARY COIR CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES
In Tamil Nadu 76 Primary Coir Co-operative Societies are registered with
Commissionerate of Industries, Tamil Nadu. Out of 76 coir primary co-operative
societies, 66 coir societies are functioning in the state. Majority of the workers are
84

women. 55 primary coir co-operative societies (out of 76 co-operative societies)
availed the assistance under the MDA scheme.
3.18 REJUVENATION, MODERNISATION AND TECHNOLOGY
UPGRADATION (REMOT)
The Government of India has approved the scheme of Rejuvenation,
Modernization and Technology Upgradation (REMOT) for the coir industry with the
total outlay of Rs. 243 crores Government of India granted of Rs. 99 crores for
implementing the XI five year plan. Coir Board envisages 4,000 spinning units and
3,200 tiny household units during the year 2009-10. For Tamil Nadu 616 units under
spinning sector and 520 units under tiny household sector with the total outlay of
Rs. 3932 lakhs have been earmarked under the scheme. The Ministry of MSME has
released an amount of Rs. 972.63 lakhs for REMOT scheme during 2009-10. During
2010-11, 192 units with a project cost of Rs. 810.00 lakhs were sanctioned for Tamil
Nadu and the Government of India subsidy of Rs. 324.00 lakhs to the units.
85

TABLE 3.10
GROWTH OF PRODUCTION OF COIR FIBRE

Year Production Absolute Growth Growth Rate (%)
2000-01 3,64,000 - -
2001-02 3,69,400 5,400 1.48
2002-03 3,53,700 -15,700 -4.25
2003-04 3,64,000 10,300 2.91
2004-05 3,85,000 21,000 5.77
2005-06 4,10,000 25,000 6.49
2006-07 4,30,000 20,000 4.88
2007-08 4,97,800 67,800 15.77
2008-09 4,91,000 -6,800 -1.37
2009-10 5,51,000 60,000 12.22
Total 43.91
Average Growth Rate 4.39
CAGR 4.71
Source: Annual Report of Ministry of MSME, 2009-10
Table 3.10 evinces that the growth rate of coir fibre production was found to
be 1.48 per cent during the year 2001-02. It decreased to (-) 4.25 per cent in the year
2002-03. However, the growth rate of coir fibre production witnessed an increase up
to 2.91 per cent during the year 2003-04. The increase in growth rate continued to
5.77 per cent and 6.49 per cent during the years 2004-05 and 2005-06 respectively. It
decreased to 4.88 per cent during the year 2006-07. There was a rapid growth of 15.77
per cent during the year 2007-08. The growth rate of coir fibre production witnessed a
sudden fall as to (-) 1.37 per cent during the year 2008-09. However, the growth rate
has managed to rise up to 12.22 per cent at the end of the study period.
86

Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth of coir fibre production. The
average annual growth rate was found to be 4.39 per cent while the compound
annual growth rate was found to be 4.71 per cent. It reveals that there was a moderate
increase in the coir fibre production during the study period.
TABLE 3.11
GROWTH OF PRODUCTION OF COIR YARN

2000-01 2,33,400 - -
2001-02 2,36,900 3,500 1.50
2002-03 2,26,800 -10,100 -4.26
2003-04 2,32,500 5,700 2.51
2004-05 2,45,500 13,000 5.59
2005-06 2,70,000 24,500 9.98
2006-07 2,88,000 18,000 6.67
2007-08 2,90,000 2,000 0.69
2008-09 2,92,000 2,000 0.69
2009-10 2,96,500 4,500 1.54
Total 24.91
CAGR 2.69
It is divulged from the Table 3.11 that the growth rate of coir yarn production
was found to be 1.50 per cent during the year 2001-02. It decreased to (-) 4.26 per
cent in the year 2002-03. However, the growth rate of coir yarn production witnessed
an increase up to 2.51 per cent during the year 2003-04. The increase in growth rate
continued to 5.59 per cent and 9.98 per cent during the years 2004-05 and 2005-06
87

respectively. The growth rate fell down to 6.67 per cent in the year 2006-07. The
decrease in growth rate continued up to 0.69 per cent during the year 2007-08. The
equal growth rate has been maintained during the year 2008-09 also. However, the
growth rate has managed to rise up to 1.54 per cent at the end of the study period.
Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth of coir yarn production. The
average annual growth rate was found to be 2.49 per cent while the compound
annual growth rate was found to be 2.69 per cent. It’s identified that there was a low
increase in the coir yarn production during the period of study.
TABLE 3.12
GROWTH OF PRODUCTION OF COIR PRODUCTS

2000-01 71,500 - -
2001-02 72,575 1,075 1.50
2002-03 75,750 3,175 4.37
2003-04 77,900 2,150 2.84
2004-05 98,000 20,100 25.80
2005-06 1,20,000 22,000 22.45
2006-07 1,70,000 50,000 41.67
2007-08 1,72,000 2,000 1.18
2008-09 1,73,550 1,550 0.90
2009-10 1,86,950 13,400 7.72
Total 108.43
CAGR 11.27
88

It is revealed from the Table 3.12 that the growth rate of coir products was
found to be 1.50 per cent during the year 2001-02. It increased up to 4.37 per cent in
the year 2002-03. It fell down to 2.84 per cent during the year 2003-04. The growth of
coir products production witnessed a sudden increase up to 25.80 per cent in the year
2004-05. Compared to previous year it falls down to 22.45 per cent in the year 2005-
06. There was a rapid growth of 41.67 per cent during the year 2006-07. The growth
rate of coir products witnessed a sudden fall as to 1.18 per cent and 0.90 per cent
during the years 2007-08 and 2008-09 respectively up to 7.72 per cent at the end of
study period.
Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth rate of coir products. The
average growth rate was found to be 10.84 per cent while the compounded annual
growth rate was found to be 11.27 per cent.
The above table clearly indicates that, there was a moderate increase in the
production of coir products during the period of study.
89

TABLE 3.13
GROWTH OF PRODUCTION OF COIR ROPE

2000-01 51,300 - -
2001-02 52,700 1,400 2.73
2002-03 50,000 -2,700 -5.12
2003-04 50,000 0 0.00
2004-05 50,000 0 0.00
2005-06 50,000 0 0.00
2006-07 52,000 2,000 4.00
2007-08 52,000 0 0.00
2008-09 52,470 470 0.90
2009-10 56,100 3,630 6.92
Total 9.43
CAGR 0.99
From the Table 3.13 it could be observed that the growth rate of coir rope
production was found to be 2.73 per cent during the year 2001-02. It decreased to (-)
5.12 per cent in the year 2002-03. The growth rate was found to be nil during the
years 2003-04, 2004-05 and 2005-06. However, the growth rate witnessed an
increase up to 4.00 per cent during the year 2006-07. Again there was no growth in
the year 2007-08. However, the growth rate has managed to raise up to 0.90 per cent
during the year 2008-09 and it continued to increase up to 6.92 per cent at the end of
the study period.
90

Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth rate of coir rope production.
The average growth rate was found to be 0.94 per cent while the compounded annual
The above table clearly indicates that, there was a very low increase in the
coir rope production during the period of study.
TABLE 3.14
GROWTH OF PRODUCTION OF CURLED FIBRE

2000-01 31,000 - -
2001-02 31,800 800 2.58
2002-03 28,000 -3,800 -11.95
2003-04 29,500 1,500 5.36
2004-05 36,500 7,000 23.73
2005-06 38,000 1,500 4.11
2006-07 48,000 10,000 26.32
2007-08 49,000 1,000 2.08
2008-09 49,540 540 1.10
2009-10 54,200 4,660 9.41
Total 62.73
CAGR 6.40
Table 3.14 points out that the growth rate of curled fibre was found to be
2.58 per cent during the year 2001-02. The growth of curled fibre production
witnessed a sudden fall as to (-) 11.95 per cent during the year 2002-03. However, it
91

witnessed an increase up to 5.36 per cent during the year 2003-04. The increase in
growth rate continued to 23.73 per cent in the year 2004-05. The growth rate fell
down to 4.11 per cent in the year 2005-06. There was a repaid growth of 26.32 per
cent during the year 2006-07. The growth rate of curled fibre witnessed to sudden fall
as to 2.08 per cent and 1.10 per cent during the years 2007-08 and 2008-09
respectively. However the growth rate has managed to increase up to 9.41 per cent at
the end of the study period.
Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth rate of curled fibre
production. The average growth rate was found to be 6.27 per cent while the
compounded annual growth rate was found to be 6.40 per cent.
curled fibre production during the period of study.
92

TABLE 3.15
GROWTH OF PRODUCTION OF RUBBERIZED COIR

2000-01 51,000 - -
2001-02 51,800 800 1.57
2002-03 50,250 -1,550 -2.99
2003-04 51,000 750 1.49
2004-05 60,000 9,000 17.65
2005-06 62,000 2,000 3.33
2006-07 68,000 6,000 9.68
2007-08 70,000 2,000 2.94
2008-09 70,840 840 1.20
2009-10 75,500 4,660 6.58
Total 41.45
CAGR 4.45
From the Table 3.15 it is highlighted that the growth rate of rubberized coir
production was found to be 1.57 per cent during the year 2001-02. It decreased to (-)
2.99 per cent in the year 2002-03. However, the growth of rubberized coir production
witnessed an increase up to 1.49 per cent during the year 2003-04. There was a rapid
growth rate of 17.65 per cent during the year 2004-05. The growth rate witnessed a
sudden fall as to 3.33 per cent during year 2005-06. The growth rate increased up to
9.68 per cent during the year 2006 - 07. It fell down to 2.94 per cent and 1.20 per
cent during the years 2007-08 and 2008-09 respectively. However, the growth of
rubberized coir production has managed to rise up to 6.58 per cent at the end of study
period.
93

Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth rate of rubberized coir
production. The average growth rate was found to be 4.14 per cent while the
compounded annual growth rate was found to be 4.45 per cent.
rubberized coir production during the period of study.
TABLE 3.16
GROWTH OF EXPORT OF COIR FIBRE
Export (in Metric Tonnes)

Year Export Absolute Growth Growth Rate (%)
2000-01 1,053.98 - -
2001-02 1,010.3 43.68 -4.14
2002-03 1,036.87 26.57 2.63
2003-04 1,120.75 83.88 8.09
2004-05 1,350.45 229.70 20.50
2005-06 1,552.98 202.53 15.00
2006-07 9,356.54 7,803.56 502.49
2007-08 11,101.64 1,745.10 18.65
2008-09 19,443.54 8,341.9 75.14
2009-10 73,074.93 53,631.39 275.83
Total 914.18
CAGR 60.15
Table 3.16 evinces that the growth rate of export of coir fibre was found to be
(-) 4.41 per cent during the year 2001-02. However, the export growth of coir fibre
witnessed an increase of 2.63 per cent in the year 2002-03. The increase in growth
94

rate continued to 8.09 per cent and to 20.50 per cent during the years 2003-04 and
2004-05 respectively. The growth rate of coir fibre export fell down to 15 per cent in
the year 2005-06. There was a rapid growth of 502.49 per cent during the rate 2006-
07. The growth rate of coir fibre export witnessed a sudden fall as to 18.65 per cent
during the year 2007-08. The growth rate has increased to 75.14 per cent in the year
2008-09. However, the growth rate witnessed an increase up to 275.83 per cent at the
end of the study period.
Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth rate of coir fibre export. The
The above table clearly indicates that, there was a highest increase in the coir
fibre export during the period of study.
95

TABLE 3.17
GROWTH OF EXPORT OF COIR YARN

2000-01 14,607.30 - -
2001-02 13,206.90 -1,400.4 -9.59
2002-03 11,482.47 -1,724.43 -13.06
2003-04 12,364.43 881.96 7.68
2004-05 10,987.59 -1,376.84 -11.14
2005-06 95,82.52 -1,405.07 -12.79
2006-07 9,691.17 108.65 1.13
2007-08 8,407.09 -1,284.08 -13.25
2008-09 5,335.09 -3,072.00 -36.54
2009-10 6,108.35 773.26 14.49
Total -73.05
Average Growth Rate -7.30
CAGR -9.23
According to Table 3.17 the growth rate was found to be (-) 9.59 per cent
during the year 2001-02. It declined to (-) 13.06 per cent in the year 2002-03.
However, the growth of coir yarn export witnessed an increase up to 7.68 per cent
during the year 2003-04. The growth rate has a sudden fall as to (-) 11.14 per cent
during the year 2004-05 and to (-) 12.79 per cent in the year 2005-06. However, the
growth rate has managed to rise to 1.13 per cent during the year 2006-07. The growth
rate witnessed a sudden fall as to (-) 13.25 per cent and (-) 36.54 per cent during the
years 2007-08 and 2008-09 respectively. However, the rapid growth rate of coir yarn
export was found to be 14.89 per cent at the end of the study period.
96

Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth rate of coir yarn export. The
average growth rate was found to be (-) 7.30 per cent while the compounded annual
growth rate was found to be (-) 9.23 per cent.
The above table clearly indicates that, there was a negative trend in the coir
yarn export during the period of study.
TABLE 3.18
GROWTH OF EXPORT OF COIR PRODUCTS

2000-01 50,431.05 - -
2001-02 55,741.8 5,310.75 10.53
2002-03 70,303.23 1,4561.43 26.12
2003-04 87,921.02 1,7617.79 25.06
2004-05 1,09,744.14 2,1823.12 24.82
2005-06 1,24,192.24 1,4448.10 13.17
2006-07 1,46,801.44 2,2609.20 18.21
2007-08 1,65,285.41 18,483.97 12.59
2008-09 1,72,115.05 6,829.64 4.13
2009-10 2,10,898.73 38,783.68 22.53
Total 157.16
CAGR 17.23
It is indicated by the Table 3.18 that the growth rate of coir products export
was found to be 10.53 per cent during the year 2001-02. It increased to a rapid growth
rate of 26.12 per cent during of the year 2002-03. The growth rate fell down to 25.06
97

per cent during the year 2003-04. It continued to decrease to 24.82 per cent and to
13.17 per cent during the year 2004-05 and 2005-06 respectively. The export growth
rate increased up to 18.21 per cent during the year 2006-07. The growth rate
decreased to 12.59 and 4.13 per cent during the years 2007-08 and 2008-09. However,
the growth rate has managed to increase up to 22.53 per cent at the end of the study
period.
Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth rate of coir products export.
It reveals that, there was a moderate increase in the coir products export during
the period of study.
98

TABLE 3.19
GROWTH OF EXPORT OF COIR ROPE

2000-01 482.12 - -
2001-02 348.64 -133.48 -27.69
2002-03 332.40 -16.24 -4.66
2003-04 308.88 -23.52 -7.08
2004-05 299.67 -9.21 -2.98
2005-06 162.73 -136.94 -45.70
2006-07 154.25 -8.48 -5.21
2007-08 372.26 218.01 141.34
2008-09 370.28 -1.98 -0.53
2009-10 430.28 60.00 16.20
Total 63.70
CAGR -1.25
It is understood from the table 3.19 the growth rate of coir rope export was
found to be (-) 27.69 per cent during the year 2001-02. It increased to (-) 4.66 per cent
in the year 2002-03. The growth rate of coir rope export decreased up to (-) 7.08 per
cent during the year 2003-04. The grow rate of export of coir rope increased to (-)
2.98 per cent during the year 2004-05. The growth rate of coir rope export witnessed
to decrease to (-) 45.70 per cent during the year 2005-06. The growth rate increased to
(-) 5.21 per cent in the year 2006-07. However, there was a rapid growth rate of
141.34 per cent during the year 2007-08. The growth of coir rope Export witnessed a
sudden fall of (-) 0.53 per cent during the year 2008-09. However, the growth rate of
export of coir rope managed to rise up to 16.20 per cent at the end of study period.
99

Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth rate of coir rope export. The
growth rate was found to be (-) 1.25 per cent.
It is identified from the above table that, there was a negative trend in the coir
rope export during the period of study.
TABLE 3.20
GROWTH OF EXPORT OF CURLED COIR

2000-01 533.57 - -
2001-02 572.53 38.96 7.30
2002-03 492.37 -80.16 -14.00
2003-04 76.54 -415.83 -84.45
2004-05 69.00 -7.54 -9.85
2005-06 0.00 -69.00 -100.00
2006-07 1,804.03 1,804.03 -
2007-08 1,279.99 -524.04 -29.05
2008-09 1,438.38 1,58.39 12.37
2009-10 3,365.70 1,927.32 133.99
Total -83.69
Average Growth Rate -8.369
CAGR 22.70
It is indicated by the Table 3.20 that the Growth rate of export of curled coir
was found to be 7.30 per cent during the year 2001-02. The growth of export
witnessed a sudden fall as to (-) 14.00 per cent during the year 2002-03. It continued
100

to decline up to (-) 84.45 per cent in the year 2003-04. The growth rate increased up
to (-) 9.85 per cent during the year 2004-05. The growth rate of curdled coir export
witnessed to decrease as to (-) 100 per cent during the year 2005-06. There found to
be nil export during the year 2006-07. The growth of export curled coir was (-) 29.05
per cent during the year 2007-08. However, the growth rate of curdled coir export has
witnessed an increase up to 12.37 per cent in the year 2008-09. It has a rapid growth
rate of 133.99 per cent at the end of the study period.
Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth rate of curled coir export. The
average growth rate was found to be (-) 8.369 per cent while the compounded annual
curled coir export during the period of study.
101

TABLE 3.21
GROWTH OF EXPORT OF RUBBERIZED COIR

2000-01 385.06 - -
2001-02 454.64 69.58 18.07
2002-03 535.22 80.58 17.72
2003-04 461.78 -73.44 -13.72
2004-05 475.92 14.14 3.06
2005-06 536.50 60.58 12.73
2006-07 947.32 410.82 76.57
2007-08 1,120.35 173.03 18.27
2008-09 1,222.59 102.24 9.13
2009-10 629.78 -592.81 -48.49
Total 93.34
CAGR 5.61
It is divulged from the Table 3.21 the Growth rate of rubberized Coir was
found to be 18.07 per cent during the year 2001-02. It decreased to 17.72 per cent in
the year of 2002-03. However, the growth rate of rubberized coir export witnessed a
decrease up to (-) 13.72 per cent during the year 2003-04. The growth rate has
managed to raise up to 3.36 per cent in the year 2004-05. The increase in growth rate
continued to 12.73 per cent during the year 2005-06. There was a rapid growth rate of
76.57 per cent during the year 2006-07. The growth rate of rubberized coir export
witnessed to a sudden fall as to 18.27 per cent and 9.13 per cent during the years
2007-08 and 2008-09 respectively. The growth rate of export witnessed further a
sudden fall as to (-) 48.49 per cent at the end of study period.
102

Thus there was a fluctuating trend in the growth rate of rubberized coir export.
rubberized coir export during the period of study.
CONSUMPTION OF COIR PRODUCTS
TABLE 3.22
CONSUMPTION OF COIR AND COIR PRODUCTS FROM
2000-01 TO 2009-10
(Metric Tonnes)
Year Coir Coir Coir Coir Curled Rubberized
Fibre Yarn Products Rope coir Coir
2000-01 37,000 1,10,000 24,000 51,000 1,900 48,500
2001-02 39,800 1,20,000 28,000 52,700 2,300 51,600
2002-03 89,200 1,25,300 26,500 49,700 27,500 49,700
2003-04 38,400 1,96,959 19,465 49,692 29,424 50,538
2004-05 3,65,750 2,22,500 22,500 49,500 35,700 54,000
2005-06 4,05,000 2,35,000 38,000 49,500 37,000 60,000
2006-07 4,18,500 2,48,000 45,000 49,000 40,000 67,000
2007-08 4,21,500 2,50,000 46,000 51,000 49,000 68,500
2008-09 4,72,000 2,52,500 46,410 51,460 41,450 69,320
2009-10 5,07,000 2,57,500 47,010 51,910 41,900 70,020
103

Table 3.22 points out that the consumption of coir fibre has 4, 72,000 MTs in
the year 2008-09. There was a rapid consumption of 5, 07,000 MTs in the year 2008-
09. Consumption of coir yarn has slowly increased every year from 2000-2010. The
consumption of coir products witnessed an increase of 47,010 MTs during the year
2009-10. The consumption of curled coir has 2,300 MTs in the year 2001-02,
suddenly it has a witnessed an increase of 27,500 MTs during the year 2002-03. The
following years it has slowly increased. The consumption of rubberized coir has
slowly increased every year. However, suddenly it has increased 60,000 MTs to
67,000 MTs in the year 2006-07. In spite of many ups and downs the consumption of
all the coir products has gradually increased every year.
3.19 CONCLUSION
A study has been made on genesis and growth of coir industry in the years
2000-2010. Coir products were being used in various fields and industries developed
in Tamil Nadu. Adding grace to glory of coir products were exported from Tamil
Nadu to various other countries. Moreover during the decade 2001-2010, the growth
of exporting coir products increased abundantly. It is concluded that coir products
have been increased and its growth reached paramount height over the years in Tamil
Nadu.
104

Chapter - Iii Genesis and Growth of Coir Industry

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter - Iii Genesis and Growth of Coir Industry

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CHAPTER - III

GENESIS AND GROWTH OF COIR INDUSTRY

a waste into wealth. It occupies a socially and economically paramount importance in

where coconut cultivation is large followed by their staple crops. It provides

employment to thousands of people who belong to socially and economically weaker

but also in its extent.

overview of the coir industry by discussion, its growth, production, consumption,

setting for further discussion.

Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

Coir is a product of the coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) sometimes known as

There is no authentic account as to how coconut arrived in India. According to Indian

Coconut Committee’s “History and Home of Coconut” in September 1954, the

tree. (Kera = coconut and Alam = Land).

According to early Greek chronicles, it was Megasthenes, Ambassador of the

Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

international correspondent Marco Polo’s celebrated travelogue of the twelth century

Coir becomes to be known in Europe only by the middle of the sixteenth

ago. Coir attains commercial importance in England as a result of great international

Ireland born American National.

Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

industry is concentrated in the Districts of Kanyakumari, Tirunelveli, Coimbatore,

for coir industry in the state is 44 per cent.

Coir industry is providing employments to more than 72,840 persons. In those

in the rural areas.

Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

WORLD COIR PRODUCTION AND INDIA’S SHARE

Production (in Metric Tonnes)

S. No Year World production India

1 2000-01 563.00 361.00

2 2001-02 583.00 482.00

3 2002-03 611.00 348.00

4 2003-04 896.21 362.00

5 2004-05 1,029.25 477.00

6 2005-06 1,117.26 550.00

7 2006-07 1,166.27 588.00

8 2007-08 1,111.27 533.00

9 2008-09 1,356.07 580.00

10 2009-10 4,263.18 548.00

Total 12,696.51 4829.00

Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

MTs at the end of the study period.

3.6 VARIETIES OF COIR FIBRE PRODUCTS

“White fibre” and “Brown fibre”.

3.6.1 White fibre

assimilates colour better. As such it facilitates the manufacture of a wide range of

products in various designs, shapes and sizes.

Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

mattresses, pillows, rugs and carpets.

3.7 MAJOR COIR PRODUCTS

3.7.1 Coir mats

3.7.2 Coir Matting

of designs and patterns.

Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

as per buyers’ choice. It is economically priced as well.

3.7.4 Coir Rugs

be used in kitchens, bedrooms, dining rooms, hallways and conservatories.

3.7.5 Coir Mourzouks

and presents a heavy-wearing material available in standard rug sizes.

3.7.6 Coir Carpet

and then woven into the beautiful floor covering.

Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark.

from one carpet design to another.