goes to higher energy eve) bu Aver of orbitals are ERomPieieiy fined « > Electron does wet emevgs bey CrCemrPle (05,25, xe] fs, 24) 45,34 2 ai a * Hund 5s Rule 2 (rT [|e We ay Pe ~ Paininy Started When all degenryted Ovbital havinge one. €lecson - %K Poylis Rule > Number of electron of an atom having Same Set of four crn umber - +n aa Example $ 2-2: as? (Puy ae ° of Exumple he as* (Pu) fp 3 o [uy #* Nocies : The azeq where Possibility of fincling the electron Zew called Mol Nocles. 36 Brom : — > Pn atom havin, , lo elects , + Psoton, #neutwns K setoPes 3 > Atom of the diffrent atomic mais 2K Tse bar 2 [ "pr & | An atom of diffrent element having bur Game oatomil mass ated Ip bars . cae clement having Same \tomic rember but Caled 150 tees diffrent Atomit numberHe Cseromes SP? 5 Wn Atom of ditfsent” element having Sune Number ye Neutrons Called setores, % Tsoelectavn : se Aroms , ions and Mmelecules Grtaining Sarne number of € > Cuned L Soele Chon, ExemPle » Nat =) = 10 myth =n = 10 Airy = 13 210ChaPtex-2 a2 wv Chemistey MK Rohr Mode of atom 2 Proton Poesert- in C elector) > Rydagyer atory have + Powton and J er tar Path Pryes cnticleus) | Ones nce ChsOnie ZevOlie Sa Aye: the nucleus e Called orbit a ae qhen ‘Tra distante from tre Vucleys to Clectson Incest ses wag i cleu. ~ of eee Increnges and When distance from eu Clectoon decrenses energy of electwn cecrenses Ey phy EL ~ €, = E,thv * Adoring to Bohr’s Posulak : . . . => Electron revolves around the neuceas In a Circular Gred) Stetina Orbit With the Aired Velocity and Axed audius. D> Uhen Clectson Goes foom one orbit to Othey and or Te eter ObSeved ore xeleSe , Electren goes om Those orbit Which having angular Movement wubtities of "Gy this oxbir is Called QecePted oxbit Enceyy Level . Grguiar Mornentam Gua} = Dh n= Mumber of orbit (4 v Snergs of lectvon hich vevdves Gxound the nucleus Ty The Civrey qo Paty Gacutated by feaimila » Ens 21m 2te* sams Mass Of Solution ah ne ‘im Inkegev or Permissive 7&7 Elects charge on ele crm “Nt Number of ov bit sth Plancn's Goastans 2s atone number 7 By Saving above ev% Ue ger, E> -RW 1 2° Toutes L C: Rae Ra@hers Gnstant » Qay xs | > When electsvn Tumps Caloulaied from one orbit 10 other ‘tre change in energy i 8S foemula Ae - aw ne mt ~ ae imiBal energy level Ng = \ fnay .YK Limityton of Bohr modle of atom : — assumption of Fixed wadius and fixed velucity Was found 40 Intozeect, = how atom Combine euch otrer to form a molecule Cam not eacPlatn by chis theory > This Theow do nor GcPlain hydayen SPectrum , atomic Spechum , Zeemm Cffecr,> Ruther ford Mocle of an atom ? Gold Foil Lead Plaie Soure of y- Perticie, Photo gauPhic Plate. > Resuit of Rutrerfora of Yoodie of aim ! > Re Most Past of an atom > Ts Vaten b A Fevsty Positives charge cieha Parties are ceflectee 40 Rigte om The Positive Charge Of on atom is Conterfuses Tn a Vey Smait Volume Which ts zeSPon sible for tre deflection of Positivity Charge Slpha ” Particies “Kroon as nucleas, =F, he Volume of the neucleus Clo” 5 mJ Very Sieath aS Compared to e Vol OF The atom (lym), Pn tee > Erecteon Moves Qsound The Neucleus With q Very hgh SPeea in 4 Ciculay Path Called oxbit, ~ Flector ang Vercleus held dagaither by elechosinte vce oF attaction> The Yeucleus. Ona ehesyy Posse by ther Bemains Un knoe ig Thi theory do not ec Pian ce elecironic Strnchne 9f G0 am 7 tor). > Thi incory do Mor ex Phin te S$ mabiT19 of ae > Rater ford GrnPare Dlety_ mocie (er) Loim penclene mode (KA, 19 a \ L which Was fond do be inworrect / OK Plan ek 5 Constkmt *& ita eR Cee > Ty 100 ret Pkmdg Siaed tat at te Same time Geientise nee hegaens Said that Agnk hae @ Same aTare. E-hv ~ G=he vee 2 velocity of Sign a. a Wave lenght he Planck $ Constun + Fob x1 x Ve -Baoglie Equatons So > Arter accertence of dual nature of audiaton of maiter a french De- Beegiie Paved an felea About matter Nave - > Te wadiahon accepted af & Partile natwe ale Shows atvarness Gn tf the sudiation aceePted a5 Particle natee thu Also Show Quarnas This tyPe of Wave is Caled as Probubility Lares oo matter Wwoves © Plancks Meme E> hv CD Einskre's fuer Es oP = Come = ™me* = ao he e bee che by 4 ae “bh [oory = Velocity of dy ach | a [ +]aK Heisenberg Uncertenity PoincPle cad ana movemetterm of — 2 T+ is not Possivle to ‘determine Position not PPlicabke Q Very Smaier Partile at « Same time but hb is fix heavier Pastile be Gwe We Gm determine Pasitior and movemen term of heavier Pasticle at @ Game time by af? lying Newton's Lew of moton p dow DP Dh aw AP = may Roc may Un certenity Relation hor Te Position Of the hydwogen electron docated from the neucleus uncerterhiry of MNujortd Velocity of @leton Or 0.01 A. Calculate — be Know, poe x MoV = h av AV= h it x DX eM BV = 6626 x107?° ' ie yp3 Ax Btu * OF) KW XQ.) 10 O- S34 422.92 x (ot a orPK & antamn Number )— 7 Quantum umber Fives Shape Sire oventerton aevoes Ground The Circular Part Of 1S OF of electaon Which oft ty hes i TW] PrinciPle Quantum number (n) Shen or oabit. ay F 7 Major energy Level neg ont = 2x = % nec Pen 2 2xah? © neg oro = ex@r: 18 neh F2nt 2 rx = $2 ReS agar ~ KOEN Me 35253,4,---- tve ‘imteges = 2nk am ney nti | =m net nt th ne3 nt 4 nen nts ib 2 Secondary Quantum Number [LJ : >It gives an ‘dea about the ty¥Pe oF ovbital and The Shape oF Or bita), — The Value of Secondary quantun Number is 0 to [n-1] = . -orbit4 |, mes dre dre Booted Le v[d- orbital] , Le 3 [F- orbiter) 3] Magnetic Quantum Number + [J > Tt gies an fdeq about oyierstaton of Orbital in magnetic eld, >The Values Of ynagnetic @xantum Number Starts From [-4) 4 (uJ The fora values of Magnetic Quantum Number Calanlabed by formyis Qty men je 0 m= 0 med A® O8 Me -t,O0,tL ny e3 AF 0,452 Ms-2,-2,0, 18,2.4) 52 Demo Alurben &]i- > TF Bives an idey about oxeniation of © Any Clectson have two thes of Velocity J) Oxbisa) Velocity 2] Axial velocity axial Velocity. lectoory > Evecteon — along axis Canead ss / Electron arvund Ne circular Paty Ged onbital Velocity. —~ : Due to this two Velocity Mayneyie fel election moves in a . Clock Wise dixechon aS wen a5 In anticbue Wise director. > S GPin Quantum number had two Values +¥, and Ay 2 4% eserves yotution: of electron im Clockwise direction. 2 Fy cleserites tution of Clectwn fn aniclodd Wise direction AK _Dittoence Between Ozbit and Ovbitals : (Olre ee Oxbity)s F) Elecron revelves coord te neweius [) The tora) Puce or >¢gi0r7) shee in @& Circular Pur, Caned orbit ynax Posbility of finding election canned Orbisait. Shupes as) as have eliffoant dlumbell « D ovbir have 4 bred Chedtr Shit2) © | SPhenca) cad J oebit hove 1681632 19 oon hos elechom “) Ovbr have KEM 2 €lettwrn 4) Gsbitars hove S o,f.Name of Seve s SPecieg 2ib,5 _ - - Lymn 8oes (wv 2456. Bulmaxs Sosies ViSibpe Soiy Bruckeet “Serie 8 TR co oo 4 G63... | Paschen “Ser ae a a Phund Sesies Ik 3 2 (peo. > bihen 3 mole 14 gas filed im Cleese duchage fo He Gonrexks in fo high enesgghie H-atom goes 40 hyher eresgy eve) 1332425, 6,458 --"0a | Hyher enagy Janer tran 12,3,4,5 fo Prodyte Series 5 balmars , Pusthen , Racket yond Phand GrieS. vesPer pve f: Nydaogen Seectoum,