Content / Discussion / Learning Resources / Link: Schedule of Synchronous Sessions

COLLEGE OF NURSING AND PHARMACY
C-PPD1 – DISPENSING 1 (DISPENSING PROCESS, READING &

INTERPRETING THE PRESCRIPTION AND OTHER MEDICINE ORDERS)
First Semester | AY 2021-2022
Module 2: Introduction to Dispensing Part 2

Time Frame: Week 3,4,5 & 6 (16hours)
Schedule of synchronous sessions:
Mapped Learning Outcomes and Course Content for C-PPD1 Dispensing 1, Module 2
Target Learning Outcomes Content and Activities
Hour (At the close of the period allotted, Online Session Offline Session
students should have :)
16 hours  Defining dispensing Interactive lecture: Worksheets Activity for Laboratory
 Demonstrating familiarity Introduction to Written Report#2: Medical
on the dispensing process. Dispensing Part 2 Abbreviations
 Demonstrating familiarity
on Prescription and -Dispensing Assignment: identifying the Parts of
Medication order. -Good Dispensing the Prescription
 Demonstrating Practice
competence on dispensing -Prescription
process. -Classification of
 Discussing the laws Drugs
governing dispensing. -Prescription Errors
-Dispensing Process
-Laws Governing
Dispensing
1. Content / Discussion / Learning Resources / Link
What is Dispensing?
• Refers to the process of preparing and giving medicine to a named person on the basis of a
prescription.
• Involves the correct interpretation, accurate preparation and labeling of medicine for use by the
patient.
• Vital elements of the rational use of medicines.
GOOD DISPENSING PRACTICE
RA 10918, Section 30
Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 1 of 22
Administrative Order No. 63 s. 1989

known as
“Rules and Regulations to Implement

Dispensing Requirements under the
Generics Act of 1988 (RA 6675)”
Factors Affecting Good Dispensing Practice

1. Staff/Personnel
2. Premises
• Physical Surroundings
✔ (free of dust and dirt)
• Shelving and Storage Areas
✔ FIFO (First In First Out) , FEFO (First Expiry First Out)
How to maintain a clean dispensing environment

• Regular routine of cleaning shelves
• Daily cleaning of floors and working surfaces
• Daily removal of waste (garbage)
• Spills should be wiped up immediately
• Food and Drink must be kept out of the dispensing area
• Refrigerator used strictly for medicines ONLY
• Conduct regular monitoring of the refrigerator temperature
3. Equipment and Packaging Materials

• Tablet Counter – for loose tablets
• Graduated Cylinder
• Spatula
• Scissors
• Containers
• Red and White Labels
• Rubber Stamp

Prescription “praescriptio”
 An order for medication issued by a physician, dentist, veterinarian or other properly licensed
medical practitioner.
 Designate a specific medication and dosage to be administered to a particular patient at a specific
time.
Parts of Prescription
1. Patient Information
2. Date
- Time the prescription is written
- A lapse of time more than a couple of days between the date the prescription was written and
the date it was brought to the pharmacy may be questioned by a pharmacist to determine if
the intent of the physician and the needs of the patient can still be met
3. Rx Symbol or Superscription
–“take thou” or “you take”
4. Medication Prescribed or Inscription
- body or principal part of the prescription
- contains the name and quantity of the prescribed drug
5. Dispensing Directions to Pharmacist or Subscription
- contains directions for the pharmacist for preparing the prescription

6. Directions for the Patient or Signa

– as indicated by the prescriber, the directions for the patient’s use of the medication
7. Refill, Special Labeling or Other Instructions
- Indicate the number of authorized refills in the prescription by its prescriber
- If no refill information is provided, it is understood that no refills have been authorized.
8. Prescriber’s Signature, Address and Other Pertinent Information
Try to identify the Parts of the Prescription
Classification of Drugs
1. Prescription or Ethical Drugs
– these drugs can only be dispensed upon a written order of a validly-registered physician, dentist or
veterinarian.
2. Non-prescription or Over-the-Counter (OTC) Drugs – purchased without a prescription
Pharmacist-only OTC medicines

 refer to over-the counter medicines classified by appropriate government agencies to be obtained
only from a licensed pharmacist, with mandatory pharmacist's advice on their selection and proper
use.
Household Remedies
 refer to any preparation containing pharmaceutical substances of common or ordinary use to relieve
common physical ailments and which may be dispensed without a medical prescription in original
packages, bottles or containers, of which the nomenclature has been duly approved by the FDA.

Food/Dietary Supplements
• refer to processed food products intended to supplement the diet that bears or contains one (1) or
more of the following dietary ingredients:
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• herbs or other botanicals
• amino acids
• dietary substances to increase the total daily intake in amounts conforming to the latest
Philippine-recommended energy and nutrient intakes or internationally agreed minimum
daily requirements.
It usually is in the form of capsules, tablets, liquids, gels, powders, or pills and not represented for use as a
conventional food or as the sole item of a meal or diet or replacement of drugs and medicines, as defined
under Republic Act No. 9711
DISPENSING FLOW CHART
Prescription Errors
Erroneous Prescriptions
• Where the brand name precedes the generic name
• Where the generic name is the one in parenthesis
• Where the brand name is not in parentheses
• Where more than one drug product is prescribed on one prescription form.

Violative Prescriptions
• Where generic name is not written
• Where the generic name is not legible and a brand name which is legible is written
• When the brand name is indicated and instructions added (such as the phrase " no substitution")
which tend to obstruct, hinder or prevent proper generic dispensing.
Impossible Prescriptions
• When only the generic name is written but it is not legible.
• When the generic name does not correspond to the brand name
• When both the generic name and the brand name are not legible
• When the drug product prescribed is not registered with FDA
DISPENSING PROCESS
1. Receive and validate the prescription
2. Understand and interpret the prescription

• Read the prescription
• Correctly interpret any abbreviations used by the Prescriber
• Confirm that the doses prescribed are in the normal range for the patient (sex and age)
• Correctly perform any calculations of dose and issue quantity
• Identify any common drug-drug interactions
3. Prepare and label items for issue
4. Make a final check
5. Record the action taken

Three different methods can be used to keep a record of medicines dispensed
• Prescription is retained
• Prescription is returned to the patient
• Use of computers to record the dispensing details
6. Issue medicine to the patient with clear instructions and advice
Laws Governing Dispensing
Republic Act No. 7394

THE CONSUMER ACT OF THE PHILIPPINES
April 13, 1992
The State shall ensure safe and good quality of food, drugs, cosmetics and devices, and regulate their
production, sale, distribution and advertisement to protect the health of the consumer.

In terms of dispensing…
RA 7394 states that new drugs whose applications are limited to investigational use; shall be dispensed
only:
(a) upon written prescription of a practitioner licensed by law to administer such drug, or
(b) upon an oral prescription of such practitioner which is reduced promptly to writing and filed by the
pharmacist, or

(c) by refilling any such written or oral prescription if such refilling is authorized by the prescriber
either in the original prescription or by oral order which is reduced promptly to writing and filed by
the pharmacist.
A drug shall be deemed to be mislabeled if at any time prior to dispensing, its label fails to bear the statement
“Caution: Should not be dispensed without prescription.”

PHILIPPINE PHARMACY ACT
The State recognizes the vital role of pharmacists in the delivery of quality health care services through the
provision of safe, effective, and quality pharmaceutical products, pharmaceutical care, drug
information, patient medication counseling, and health promotion.
The pharmacists’ professional services shall, therefore, be promoted as an indispensable component of the
total health care system to ensure the physical well-being of the Filipinos.
Section 4. Scope of the Practice of Pharmacy.— A person is deemed to be practicing pharmacy, within the
meaning of this Act, when with or without a fee, salary, percentage or other rewards, paid or given directly
or indirectly, shall:
(a) Prepare, compound or manufacture, preserve, store, distribute, procure, sell, or dispense, or both, any
pharmaceutical product or its raw materials; or
(b) Render services, such as clinical pharmacy services, drug information services, regulatory services,
pharmaceutical marketing, medication management, or whenever the expertise and technical knowledge of
the pharmacist is required;
(c) Engage in teaching scientific, technical, or professional pharmacy courses in a school or college of
pharmacy; or (d) Dispense pharmaceutical products in situations where supervision of dispensing of
pharmaceutical products is required; or
(e) Chemical, biological or microbiological analyses and assay of pharmaceutical products, food/dietary
supplements, health supplements, and cosmetics; or
(f) Physico-chemical analyses for medical devices used in aid of administration of pharmaceutical products;
or
(g) Administration of adult vaccines as approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Provided, That
they shall undergo the training on the safe administration of adult vaccines and management of adverse
event following immunization (AEFI) for pharmacists and hold a certificate of training issued by an
institution duly accredited by the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC); Provided, Further, That the
safe administration of vaccines be part of the higher education curriculum for pharmacists; or
(h) Conduct or undertake scientific research in all aspects involving pharmaceutical products and health
care; or
(i) Provide other services where pharmaceutical knowledge is required.
Section 30. Dispensing/Sale of Pharmaceutical Products.— No pharmaceutical product, of whatever nature
and kind, shall be compounded, dispensed, sold or resold, or otherwise be made available to the consuming
public, except through a retail drug outlet duly licensed by the FDA.
Prescription drugs and pharmacist-only OTC medicines shall be dispensed only by a duly registered and
licensed pharmacist, except in emergency cases, where the services of a registered and licensed
pharmacist are not available:
Provided, That a report shall be made to the supervising pharmacist within twenty-four (24) hours after the
occurrence of the emergency so that product recording in the prescription books can be done.

Compounding and dispensing shall be done only by duly registered and licensed pharmacists, in
accordance with current Good Manufacturing Practice, laboratory practice, Philippine Practice Standards for
Pharmacists and dispensing guidelines.
Section 35. Prohibition Against the Use of Cipher, Codes, or Unusual Terms in Prescriptions and Prescription
Substitution.— Pharmacists shall not compound or dispense prescriptions, recipes, or formulas which are
written in ciphers, codes or secret keys or prescriptions of pharmaceutical products with unusual
names which differ from those in standard pharmacopeias or formularies.
The pharmacist dispensing or compounding prescriptions shall not substitute the medicine called for in the
prescription with any other drug, substance or ingredient, without prior consultation with, and written
consent of the person prescribing, except in accordance with Republic Act No. 6675, as amended,
otherwise known as the “Generics Act of 1988”, and other pertinent laws and regulations.
Section 36. Label of Dispensed Medicines.— Upon every box, bottle, or package of medicines compounded
or dispensed by a registered and licensed pharmacist based on prescription, there shall be pasted, affixed, or
imprinted a seal or label bearing:
✔ the name of patient
✔ generic name of drug;
✔ brand name, if any,
✔ Strength
✔ expiry date
✔ directions for use
✔ name and address of pharmacy
✔ name of the doctor,
✔ the dispensing pharmacist

EXPANDED SENIOR CITIZENS ACT OF 2010
July 27, 2009
An Act Granting Additional Benefits And Privileges To Senior Citizens, Further Amending Republic Act No.
7432, As Amended, Otherwise Known As “An Act To Maximize The Contribution Of Senior Citizens To Nation
Building, Grant Benefits And Special Privileges And For Other Purposes
The senior citizens shall be entitled to the following:
“(a) the grant of twenty percent (20%) discount and exemption from the value -added tax (VAT), if
applicable, on the sale of the following goods and services from all establishments, for the exclusive use and
enjoyment or availment of the senior citizen
“(1) on the purchase of medicines, including the purchase of influenza and pnuemococcal vaccines, and such
other essential medical supplies, accessories and equipment to be determined by the Department of Health
(DOH).
“The DOH shall establish guidelines and mechanism of compulsory rebates in the sharing of burden of discounts
among retailers, manufacturers and distributors, taking into consideration their respective margins;

UNIVERSALLY ACCESSIBLE CHEAPER AND QUALITY MEDICINES ACT OF 2008
June 6, 2008

It is the policy of the State to protect public health and, when the public interest or circumstances of extreme
urgency so require, it shall adopt appropriate measures to promote and ensure access to affordable quality
drugs and medicines for all.
"SEC. 25. Sale of medicine, pharmaceuticals, drugs and devices. - No medicine, pharmaceutical, or drug, except
for those which are non-prescription or over-the-counter, of whatever nature and kind or device shall be
compounded, dispensed, sold or resold, or otherwise be made available to the consuming public except
through a prescription drugstore or hospital pharmacy, duly established in accordance with the provisions of
this Act.

SPECIAL LAW ON COUNTERFEIT DRUGS.
September 5, 1996
An act prohibiting counterfeit drugs, providing penalties for violations and appropriating funds therefore
Sec. 5. Parties Liable. – The following person shall be liable for violation(s) of this Act:
…..
f) the registered pharmacist of the outlet where the counterfeit drug is sold or found who, sells or dispenses
such drug to a third party and who has actual or constructive knowledge that said drug is counterfeit

COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 2002
June 7, 2002
An act prohibiting counterfeit drugs, providing penalties for violations and appropriating funds therefore
Section 40. Records Required for Transactions on Dangerous Drug and Precursors and Essential Chemicals. –
a) Every pharmacist dealing in dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential
chemicals shall maintain and keep an original record of sales, purchases, acquisitions and deliveries of
dangerous drugs, indicating therein the following information:
(1) License number and address of the pharmacist;

(2) Name, address and license of the manufacturer, importer or wholesaler from whom the dangerous drugs
have been purchased;
(3) Quantity and name of the dangerous drugs purchased or acquired;
(4) Date of acquisition or purchase;
(5) Name, address and community tax certificate number of the buyer;
(6) Serial number of the prescription and the name of the physician, dentist, veterinarian or practitioner
issuing the same;
(7) Quantity and name of the dangerous drugs sold or delivered; and
(8) Date of sale or delivery.

GENERICS ACT OF 1988

September 13, 1988

An Act To Promote, Require And Ensure The Production Of An Adequate Supply, Distribution, Use And
Acceptance Of Drugs And Medicines Identified By Their Generic Names.
GENERICS ACT OF 1988

• To promote, encourage and require the use of generic terminology in the importation, manufacture,
distribution, marketing, advertising and promotion, prescription and dispensing of drugs;
• To ensure the adequate supply of drugs with generic names at the lowest possible cost and endeavor
to make them available free for indigent patients;
• To encourage the extensive use of drugs with generic names through a national system of
procurement and distribution; To emphasize the scientific basis for the use of drugs, in order that
health professionals may become more aware and cognizant of the therapeutic effectiveness; and
• To promote drug safety by minimizing duplication in medications and/or use of drugs with
potentially adverse drug interactions.
Sec. 6. Who shall use generic Terminology. - (a) All government agencies and their personnel as well as other
government agencies shall use generic terminology or generic names in all transactions related to
purchasing, prescribing, dispensing and administering of all drugs and medicines.

FOOD, DRUG, AND COSMETIC ACT
June 22, 1963
An Act To Ensure The Safety And Purity Of Foods, Drugs, And Cosmetics Being Made Available To The Public
By Creating The Food And Drug Administration Which Shall Administer And Enforce The Laws Pertaining
Thereto.
(a) Establish standards and quality measures for food, drug, and cosmetic.
(b) Adopt measures to insure pure and safe supply of food, drug, and cosmetic in the country.

FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (FDA) ACT OF 2009
August 18, 2009
Section 4. This Act has the following objectives:
(a) To enhance and strengthen the administrative and technical capacity of the FDA in the regulation of
establishments and products under its jurisdiction;
(b) To ensure the FDA's monitoring and regulatory coverage over establishments and products under its
jurisdiction; and
(c) To provide coherence in the FDA's regulatory system for establishments and products under its
jurisdiction.

LABORATORY WORKSHEET
WRITTEN REPORT NO. 2

COMMON MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS
Complete the table:
Abbreviation Meaning / Intended Meaning
1/2NS
5-ASA
A.M.
aa
AAA
AAA
ac
achs
AD
ad lib
ad sat.
ad.
ALT
alt.
alt. h.
am, A.M.
amp
amt.
ant.

ante
ap
APAP
aPTT
AQ, aq
a.s., AS
ASA
AST
ATC
AU
AZT
Ba
BCP
Bi
bid, BID
BM
BMI
bol
BP
BPH
BS
BSA
BT

C.C.
c/o
C&S
CABG
CaCO3
CAD
CAP
cap.
CBC
cc
CD
CF
cm
CNS
conc
CPZ
CR
cr, crm
CV
CXR
D/C, dc, disc.
D5/0.9 NaCl

D5 1/2/NS
D5NS
D5W
DAW
DBP
dil.
disp
div
DKA
dL
DM
DO
DOB
DPT
DR
DVT
DW
EC
EENT
elix.
emuls.
ER
ER

ETOH
f or F
FBS
FDA
Fe
FFP
fl or fld
ft
G, or g, or gm
garg
GERD
GI
gr.
GTT
gtt, gtts
GU
guttat.
h, or hr.
h/o
H&H
H2
H20

HAART
HCT, or Hct
HCT
HCTZ
HR
HS
hs or HS
HTN
hx
IBW
ID
IJ
IM
IN
inf
inj.
instill.
IP
IR
IU
IUD

IV
IVP
IVPB
KOH
L or l
LA
lab
lb.
LDL
LFT
Li
liq.
LMP
lot
LPN
LR
mane
mcg or µg
MD
MDI
mEq

mEq/L
Mg
mg
MgSO4
mL
mm
MM or M
M or K
mm of Hg
mMol
MMR
mol wt
MR
MS
MSO4
n or noct.
N/A
N/V, N&V
Na
NAS

NDC
Ng or ng
NGT
NH3
NKA
NKDA
noct. maneq.
NP
NPO, n.p.o.
NS
NSAID
NTE
O2
OC
o.d., OD
o.d.
OJ
o.s., OS
OTC
PA
pc
PRN

PM
PO
q4h
q6h
q8h
q12h
qam
qd, QD, q.d.,

Q.D.
qhs
q.i.d. , QID
qod, QOD,
q.o.d., or
Q.O.D.
RA
Rx
SA
SL, s.l.
SC, SQ sq, or
sub q
SR
STD
supp
susp

syr
tbsp or Tbsp
TID, t.i.d.
top.
TR
tsp
U or u
ud, ut, dict,

UD
ung
UTI
WBC
XR
mcg, µg
Instructions: Match the abbreviations with the correct definitions.
1.______ qod 2. ______ OD 3.______ hs 4.______ @ 5.______ po 6.______ bpm 7. ______ BLS 8.______ pc 9.______ ICU
10.______ BRP 11.______ qid 12.______ abd 13.______ w/c 14. _____ AKA 15.______ dx
a) after meals b) above knee amputation c) by mouth d) wheelchair e) bedtime f) beats per minute g)
bathroom privileges h) diagnosis i) right eye, overdose j) every other day k) basic life support l) intensive
care unit m) abdominal n) at o) four times a day
Instructions: Give the meaning of the following statements by defining the underlined word(s) or symbols.
1. Janie Jones arrived in the ER c/o chest pain and was SOB.
_____________________________________________________________________
2. When Amy was 12 y/o, she fell out of a tree resulting in a fx of her right arm.
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Upon discharge from the hospital, Curly Sue was instructed by her L & D nurse to amb tid for 5 days.
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Dr. Seuss has ordered a CXR, CBC and ABG, stat for a pt who will be undergoing a BKA this afternoon.
_____________________________________________________________________
5. 45 y/o male AOx3 after CPR was performed at a basketball game.
__________________________________________________________________
2. Assessment of Learning
This section will enable you to do self-check of your progress in the discussion. During the self-
evaluation, you are expected to practice the virtue of honesty. A score equivalent to 75% will enable you to
proceed to the assignment section. A separate sheet will be utilized to answer the questions in this section.
You may repeat answering the questions until the required score equivalent is acquired.
Paste a sample of Prescription in a clean bond paper and identify the parts of the prescription.
Identify the type of drug/s prescribed on the patient and what it is used?
3. Evaluation of Learning
For the evaluation of learning for Module 2, a scheduled quiz will be assigned in the Google Classroom and
will be taken before the start of the next Module during the Synchronous Class.
References
Adams, C.H. and Jones, P.D. Therapeutic communication for health professionals (2011/latest edition)
Blenkinsopp, A. and Panton, R. Health promotion for pharmacists (1991/latest edition)
Gupta, GD, NK Jain, Modern Dispensing Pharmacy (2011)
Pharmacists talking with patients: a guide to patient counseling / Melanie J. Rantucci. (2012)
Congratulations for having completed this C-PPD1 Module 2! See you in the next Module

Content / Discussion / Learning Resources / Link: Schedule of Synchronous Sessions

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Content / Discussion / Learning Resources / Link: Schedule of Synchronous Sessions

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

COLLEGE OF NURSING AND PHARMACY

C-PPD1 – DISPENSING 1 (DISPENSING PROCESS, READING &

Module 2: Introduction to Dispensing Part 2

1. Content / Discussion / Learning Resources / Link

GOOD DISPENSING PRACTICE

Administrative Order No. 63 s. 1989

“Rules and Regulations to Implement

Factors Affecting Good Dispensing Practice

How to maintain a clean dispensing environment

3. Equipment and Packaging Materials

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 2 of 22

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 3 of 22

6. Directions for the Patient or Signa

Try to identify the Parts of the Prescription

2. Non-prescription or Over-the-Counter (OTC) Drugs – purchased without a prescription

Pharmacist-only OTC medicines

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 4 of 22

DISPENSING FLOW CHART

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 5 of 22

2. Understand and interpret the prescription

3. Prepare and label items for issue

4. Make a final check

5. Record the action taken

6. Issue medicine to the patient with clear instructions and advice

Laws Governing Dispensing

Republic Act No. 7394

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 6 of 22

Republic Act No. 10918

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 7 of 22

Republic Act No. 9994

Republic Act No. 9502

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 8 of 22

Republic Act No. 8203

Republic Act No. 9165

(1) License number and address of the pharmacist;

Republic Act No. 6675

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 9 of 22

September 13, 1988

GENERICS ACT OF 1988

Republic Act No. 3720

Republic Act No. 9711

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 10 of 22

WRITTEN REPORT NO. 2

Complete the table:

Abbreviation Meaning / Intended Meaning

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 11 of 22

Abbreviation Meaning / Intended Meaning

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 12 of 22

Abbreviation Meaning / Intended Meaning

D/C, dc, disc.

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 13 of 22

Abbreviation Meaning / Intended Meaning

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 14 of 22

Abbreviation Meaning / Intended Meaning

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 15 of 22

Abbreviation Meaning / Intended Meaning

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 16 of 22

Abbreviation Meaning / Intended Meaning

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 17 of 22

Abbreviation Meaning / Intended Meaning

Faculty: Jethro M. Ocampo, RPh Page 18 of 22

Abbreviation Meaning / Intended Meaning