Practice Sets: All Chapters (answers pp. 206-207) Set 1 . While ancient cities are often imagined to have 1 been more sustainable than modern ones, the tension between urban life and the environment has deep roots. the development of the ancient city of Akko six thousand years ago transformed dense coastal forests into a dry, shrubby grassland. 2. Inthe eyes of the colonial British administration, Samuel Adams was an outlaw. ___he often behaved like one: he erased his fingerprints, refused to copy his letters, and destroyed piles of his papers to prevent them from falling into enemy hands. 3. Because the wild ancestors of modern felines never lived in social groups, cats are genetically predisposed tobe independent. ___during the domestication process, they developed the ability to form social relationships with other members of their species as ‘well as with people. { 4, Recent research suggests that short-term training in ! self-regulation—the ability to manage attention, ! emotion, and impulses, as well as to persevere in ! achieving ___ have long-term effects for children. A ! recent study found that children who participated in a * single unit on self-regulation were still experiencing ! positive effects more than three years later. 178 However, fe Hence, | Furthermore, || 90 For example, Specifically, Indeed, Nevertheless, On the other hand, Moreover, Accordingly, For instance, still, goals, can goals can goals—can goals can:@ | their 5. In the winter of 1885, archaeologists in Greece discovered a unique assembly of figures. Buried in 480 BC, they had been spared 2,500 years of vandalism. © | its Researchers were astonished—not only because of the importance of the works, but also because of the © |his or her excellent preservation of __ original surface paint. = © | one’s 6. While bees can survive in the dark, they prefer to be @ | trees, however; a discovery that in the sunlight. The shaded interiors of woodlands are therefore considered a poor habitat for bees. New @ | trees, however, a discovery that research shows that many types of bees are active high above the suggests wild bees are just as happy in © | trees, however, a discovery, that eee treetops as they are among the flowers at ground level. © | trees, however, this discovery area of human biology. © | having been ! 7, adult height is primarily determined by the ® | are | information encoded in people's DNA. These } correlations are not exact, however. Traditionally, the © | have been ! role of genetics in the process of growth from tiny } infant to adults a complex and poorly understood © | has been 8. John F. Kennedy was the first U.S. president to hold ® | Anatural in front of the camera, televised press conferences, and he used the new medium of television to great effect his humor, ® | Asa natural in front of the camera, charm, and wit allowed him to connect with his audiences, © | Kennedy was a natural in front of the camera, © | Kennedy was a natural in front of the camera, and 179| 9. While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: Game shows became an important part of American popular culture in the 1950s, Viewership of high-stakes games such as The $64,000 Question quickly increased. In 1959, many of the higher stakes game shows were found to be rigged. Daytime game shows were played for low stakes, but in the evening, contestants could win thousands of dollars. By the early 1960s, viewership had declined significantly. 10. While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: The carbohydrates in honey can quickly be converted to energy. Ancient Greeks and Egyptians used honey in ointments for skin and eye problems. The medical device company Derma Sciences sells honey-coated bandages. Honey does not cause blood sugar to spike the way other types of sweeteners do. Today, raw honey is used to reduce seasonal allergies. 180 The student wants to emphasize the rapid rise and fall of game shows’ popularity. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to achieve this goal? During some game shows, contestants competed against each other for enormous sums of money. ‘As a result of scandals involving game shows in the late 1950s, viewers began to lose interest in these programs. Although game shows attracted a large following in the first few years after they were created, viewership decreased dramatically only a decade later. In the mid-twentieth century, game shows reflected the American public's growing reliance on television for entertainment, The student wants to emphasize honey medicinal properties. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to achieve this goal? Unlike other types of sweeteners, honey allows a person’s blood sugar to remain stable rather than rising sharply. Honey was commonly used as a sweetener in ancient times, before the cultivation of sugarcane began. Honey contains carbohydrates that can provide a quick boost of energy. For thousands of years, people have used honey to treat skin problems and relieve allergy symptoms.Set 2 @ | Therefore, 1. Magnesium, phosphorous, and zinc, which the human body requires to carry out its basic functions, cannot be produced internally, people must © | Nevertheless, obtain them from food and drink. © | Subsequently, © J To illustrate, pocoesnsnsecesesnecey 2. While much of mathematics research focuses on © | However, developing proofs for conjectures, it is often impossible to check that a hypothesis is true in all cases. ® | Consequently, Mathematician Melanie Wood uses statistics to verify these hypotheses. she develops probabilistic © | Meanwhile, models for natural numbers and integers to see how they behave on average. © | specifically, ® | moreover, 3. The consumption of glucose activates a specific circuit notifying a person’s brain that sugar is present in the body. Calorie-free artificial sweeteners, _ do @ | therefore, many people find diet soft drinks less satisfying than © | in contrast, regular ones. ' not have this effect, a fact that likely explains why © ] for instance, 4, Since the early nineteenth century, doomsayers @ | supplies in only a few decades, they have gloomily predicted that increasing populations a would exhaust their food_____ shortages would result © | supplies, in only a Tew decades they in catastrophic famines. Yet the world currently claimed produces enough food to feed 10 billion people, and there are only seven billion of us. © | supplies. In only a few decades, they claimed, © | supplies, in only a few decades, they claimed: 181