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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    17 views9 pages

    Untitled

    Uploaded by

    19ACH29 Ms Basith

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 9
    The orginal solution prepared with di Residue: | Centrifugate: A little a Grow! Caton is PResidue: Present Preparation of Original Solution ven inorganic mixture is heated with 2mL of conc. HCI in a n m About 100 mg of the Bi The solution is diluted with 2 mL of water. th beater, Its boiled to half the volume. any residue, it is separated by centrifugation, The sind evaporated to dryness, It is dissolved with 2mL of diL Cl If there is any residue, « artyrated. The solutions are added together. The residue is tested for the Fst group cat, Separation of Cations into Groups residue is boiled with 2ml of cone. jie, cH, ILHCI is noted for any residue present. mount of hydrazine hydrochloride is added to the Centrifugate, heateg and centrifuged. Centrifugate: To the Centrifugate 1 ‘mL of H20; is added and heated. H2S gas is passed and centrifuged. Group! Cation js | Residue : | Centrifugate: It is boiled to expel H>S gas.3 drops of conc.HNO) are present added and boiled again. 2 drops of Fech and S drops of saturated | | Group "| ni clare added Cation is | ‘ | and heated and to the hot solution NH,OH is added in excess and Present centrifuged. eg A few drops of NHaOH is added and HS gasis | Residue: [ Centrifugal passed. It is boiled and centrifuged. Group | ut Residue: | Centrifugate: A few drops of GILHNO sadded | Cation is Group and evaporated to dryness. It is cooled and | present a residue is dissolved in drops of dil HCL. To this 2 | | Cation i | PN oF sol NHC, NHAOH, (NHL) .COs solutions | added in excess, heated and centrifuged | ___— | Nesidue Centrifugate: | com eee m jt Analysis of Group | The residue obtained in the original solution preparation is boiled with 3mt of io and th hot solution is rapidly centrifuged. Any residue present is Immediately separated, ) [Centrifugate: 2 drops of conc tyson | added carefully and heated, 1mteting | | isadded carctully through sides of tule | | d.) | ©] Residue: To théresidue Imt of NHAOH is added, watmed and centrifuged. Centrifugate: Drops of AIHCHIS Ty contnf No Residue: added till. precipitate appears. ee Absence of Inisredissolved with drops of | {esidue: Whkein Centeupate tn mercury | NHAOH. 2 drape oF «1 added and colour. 5 drops of | of NHOH, 2drops, ammonium acetate | of Kl and 2 drops centrifuged. 8 is added and of Na25:01 are No Centrifugateritis | warmed. Toone | added. Yellow portion 2 drops of | precipitate. Residue: | evaporated to hall the volume. 2 drops Absence | of cncizand 2 drops ofSilver | oF Conc.HCl are added and warmed, Blue precipitate. Prasence of Tungsten, dil.acetic acid and 2 | Presence of Thalliuin. The flame colour of the precipitate is noted. It burns green in colour. Thallium is drops of KCr20) are added. Yellow te, precipi Presence of Lead. To another portion, 2 drops of Kl added. Yellow present. spangles appear. Presence of Lead Analysis of group 1A The residue obtained for group IA is treated with 2 drops of Conc. HCl and 2 drops of bromine water. A few erystals of hydroxylamine-hydrochloride is added, boiled and centrifuged pirifugate: A crystalof hydrazine hydrochloride is 4 boiled, Blue-black precipitate, Presence ci added a of Tellunumn Residue. Red precipitate. Presence of selenium, separation of Group II A and IIB The second group residue is boiled with 2 mt of NN; | Residue: Group IIA cations laOH and centrifuged, (copper group) Centrifugate: Ibis neutralised with ai HCI, heated centrifuged, The precipitate '5 taken for group IIB and the Centrifugate is discarded, Analysis of Group IA and analysis Tothe group lA residue is added and centrifuged. about 2 mL of dilute HNO, is added and boiled. To this 3 drops of Dil. HiSOs Residue = 5 drops of saturated ammonium acetate is added, heated and Centrifugate : Ammonia is added in slight excess heated and centrifuged. portion, a drip of dil HOAC and 2 drops of K,CrO, are added. Yellow precipitate shows lead, To another portion, 2 drops of KI is added. Yellow Golden spangles shows lead. added. White precipitate turns black. Presence of Bismuth, To another portion 2 drops of di HNO, and 2 drops of 5% thiourea are added. Yellow colour shows bismuth, centrifuged. No residue. | Centrifugate : It is | Residue : Itis dissolved in dil. | Centrifugate : Nis Absence of | divided into two} HCL Toone portion 2 drops of | dissolved into. two mercury. portions. To one | sodium stannite solution is | portions. (ifthe Centrifugate is coloured blue, copper is present, \)To one portion 2 drops of each dil. Acetic acid and potassium ferrocyanide are added. Reddish brown precipitate shows copper. 21To another portion, WS gas 1s passed, Yellow precipitate Shows cadmium, ‘Analysis of Group I! B Foie group iB precipitate 2 mL Of the cone, HClis added. Stirred and heated, 2 mL water addeg, ~) "| stirred and centrifuged. Residue: Sdrops of saturated (NH4):COs centrifuged.) drops of Residue: Dark brown colour. Conc.HCl and 2 drops of Bromine water are added and boiled 1ml of 1:0 is added and divided into portions. To one portion 5 drops of 103% KCNS, 3 drops of Sncl; and 10 drops of amyl alcohol are added and shaken well. Red alcohol layer shows molybdenum. To the second portion 3 drops of each NaQAC and Na;S,0; are added. Blue colour appears slowly on adding 2 drops of Conc.HC!, blue colour vanishes and a red brown precipitate forms. It shows the presence of molybdenum. To third portion a drop of Ki[Fe(Ch}e] is added. A reddish brown precipitate is formed, Molybdenum is present. To another portion, a drop of cone HNO, and a drop of ammonium phosphate are added. Yellow precipitate shows Motytidenum. is added, stirred and Centrifugate: To one portion about 2mnt of precipitate shows arsenic, To another portion of the Con INQ: is added and boiled. 2 drops of NHOH are added. Reddish brown precipitate shows Arsenic. dil ICI is added. Yellow Centrifugate, 3 drops of [Centrifugates It is divided inta) several portions | 1) To one portion, a pinch of | zinc dust is added and warmed till it dissolves. 3 | drops of HeCh: is added. White or grey colour shows tin, 2)To second portion, a few crystals of NaNO3 is added, stirred and 5 drops of Rhodamine B reagent is added. Lavender colour shows Antimony. 3)To the third portion, oxali acid crystals are added and dissolved. H:S gas is passed. Orange precipitate shows Antimony, Jin mininum sono oPaHLNCLabout 50 me ovale ack ental sasalved " a cogs eld WINNT OT od eT Poa a ie CGTATGGIC WSL TOUS arms sai adsed, | to oF water and 0.6 of NoiO: ar add, sitet and bole etenesence ces bn cenfncen hates aad coretiael PESTS RoR Commence RRS ESM wa Tara rsa HAC vided imo Soctate crystals are added, shred ond cenraged. Seals TPT eReaeT drops | Cen of NAOH isl :Tothiss |! added boiled and| drops of dit. | Wiwone porion 3 apr Redoer is lissolved in 10 stopsof4LN0,, | heated andeooled. | Wodropsot | ‘Ceniringste: drops of iuie UrooMors eid Wy added and TOS 888i posed. tis cenifed and the precipitate is discarded the ‘lation i transfered toa boling tbe and boiled to expep H2S gas "is cooked and S drops of saturated ammonium carbonate is added ccentritugate is hydrochloric [of KL and diops oF Micarded. The | acid is | NaS.0 are added Residue is | added, | Yellow precipitate stows | | ef isbolled and cenrtiged. dissolved indiute | White ‘Thallium, amsllcoholond 3 Residue: We disohed in minima volume of | CemmimaNeT] nitric ack W is] precipitate drops ortho: | gitnicr divided into 190 shows portions. To one | thorium. the prrtion 3 drops of Residue is {and divided ino two portions (i) To one | is evaporated to ‘uid and stoken | portion 2 drops of N32S203 fs added. warmed and | a small volame, We Ble alobot | certified Iany residue is layer shows there iis Ammonis boiled with seporated by hyusoxide and | Hydroside ‘centrifugation two drops of | sodium [77 The second portion &] aqueous yer - and discarded, drogen |yarestte | eaporaadsinstw | ovr nad RORSE He] Cowie WaT] Toone veviog peroxide are and dryness witha donot | The aqueous yer] len ona Portions ofthe soltion § Added and heated. | centrifuged. | Conc.1:S0., To this $ | is separated one {iter paper. | T90Ne portion quinalizarin reagent | H*0Ps of Yetowish town | hetesitue | opeaflitINOs ard | |roriae holed |e ran. | Teese potion aus rae Sir Shs] Sikood |Sig is ates |SenSselfPaawat | ale boars |B 2G cerivin, Another | itis and teed Purl co a edclong | Sonserghea ace tng and dropsor | portion is| asotved in| appears ater somsine, | Warde, [stows |inodurarnacs actant, | Sn ite | Manganos prose 3 leuoee’ |evpomedie dose inact! | Saag Csaporated ti : oad | ‘with a | hydrochloric | drops of Slaminian, | RESdLE‘s Sole in chlornom | Brown [dryness with af hy | Beottim spree tite tind | peiptate lien otf ackais | J rieuralized eR A _—— as nitric act. to the | by ang | Ammovim — [Theaii's [pon ix of Sm Tyre) shows trim. | Residue ¥ drops | Ammonium | ydeovide ad. | be) isaded white precipitate which is | To auther Sf water an | hydoside exp ble colour soluble im excess OFNQOH hich | porno he op of alcoholic | drops and S| shows saniom stows beryllium solution, drop solution of deopsof Me twanother portion of 202 is anal asi itroberie 3 drops of aided. Yel ate aed and | avid Re Amun preciptate stv Jak blue | added and Caz TE porn) Musi is 4469 Ty To ie seond poron TO drops oF ovine showsuranium. prspite heeds |p tivo ass [amTASe* | ston 2%) and ing ofarmoniam actte | Tote fap SNe ee eccrine | psed ed kur | esas are aed ad entiged precipitate 9 tr pes eis, we | sbowsvanadam. [Resilae | Centrifuge: NHAOW Baan | NYO is solution shows [shows | Yellow | drops. Brown preiptateshows | BAM. Deep peseeee of] Thm RE coowr | Bertium yellow colour cerium fo, \ Somer Shows shows us i ony 6 shun nd ad | heed white presiptte | That l =o Group Wrendae b tived with TAL OTWATET and 5 drops oF i sae a ad 145 drops of ail Hs added, His enaugee esidue: 10 drops of cone. WClis added and transferred toa beaker. Asmallrystalot CIO) isadded and heated to dryness. Then mb of water is added and the solutions divided into wo portions. |) Toone portion a few drops of INHACNS and acetone are added. nis shaken wel Blue acetone layer shows Cobalt ii) Toanother portion, 5 ax0n#o1 IMiigOH and 5 drops of dimettyt reagent are added lvoxime oy My ed preciptate niche! Centrfoga Residue: i dsaived ma NO) an6 diluted with Hs0.& pinch of sodiumbismuthate ded. PiokclOUe shows Manganese Teis boled wo expel i Ses. Aslght oeas of SON a ‘oTNSOW is added and centoged Centrifugate: Iie divided into twee partons, D 0 Toone portion Toone porn Sesispassed Whe preitate To mote porto .

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