Chapter 2

Data Representation &

Numbering Systems

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 Numbering Systems
• The Binary Number System
– Use two digits 0 and 1’s
• Decimal number system
– Has base 10 as it use 10 digits from 0 to 9
• Octal number system
– Base or radix 8 number system 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
• Hexadecimal number system
– Also called base 16 number system
– Use 10 digit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
– Use 6 letters A BCompile
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Cont…
• Converting decimal to binary
• Converting binary to decimal
• Converting hex-decimal to decimal
• Converting decimal to hex-decimal
• Converting binary to hex-decimal
• Converting hex-decimal to binary

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 Converting decimal to binary

• It involves using successive division by two

until the dividend reach 0
• Convert (37)10 to (_____)2

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 Converting binary to decimal

• Is required to find the decimal value of each

binary digit position contain a 1 and add
them up
• Convert (100101) 2 to (_____)10

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 Converting hex-decimal to
decimal

• Is required to find the decimal value of each

hex-decimal digit position contain a 1 and
add them up
• Convert (F4C) 16 to (_____)10

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 Converting decimal to hex-
decimal

• It involves using successive division by 16

until the dividend reach 0
• Convert (4768) 10 to (_____)16

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 Converting binary to hex-decimal

• Four binary bits can have minimum and

maximum values of 00002 up to 11112.
• This means that any group of four bits can
be translated directly into a single hex digit
• Convert (100000010101011) 2 to
(_____)16

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Converting hex-decimal to binary

• This is just the reverse of the last process.

Simply take each hex number and express it
as a four bit binary number
• Convert (2F6CH) 16 to (_____)2

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 Hexadecimal
• the way we communicate with micros
• The only problem with binary is that we find it
so difficult and make too many errors.
• Programmers commonly used a suitable
method to handle large binary number in 4 bits
grouping
• It is easy to manipulate large binary numbers if
we group it into small grouping consisting of 4
bit per group
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 Cont..
• E.g
• Consider you are dealing with the binary
number 001011110110110 0 if we group
the number to 4 bit cluster like
0010 1111 0110 1100
By writing the corresponding signal digit
decimal value
2F6CH
Processing becomeCompile
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 The advantages of hex

• It is very compact. Using a base of 16

means that the number of digits used to
represent a given number is usually fewer
than in binary or decimal.
• It is easy to convert between hex and
binary and fairly easy to go between hex
and decimal. Remember that the
microprocessor only works in binary.

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