Task 3

1. Compounds and their types

2. Shortening: types and classification

Exercise 1. Define the structural types of the following compound words.

Wall-eye, bridesmaid, tragicomic, keyhole, Franco-American, can-opener, mainland,
backbone, one-eyed, bluebell, doorbell trustworthy, operating-room, hydro-electric,
gentleman, time-tested, watchtower, eggplant, dish-washer, see-saw, home-made,
townsfolk, handicraft, homesick, two-year old.
Exercise 2. Form compounds using the stems given.
hole, key; ring, wedding; book, keep; sun, burn; back, break; loud, speaker; suit,
bathing; bare, head; ship, build; half, ruin; music, love; fresh, salt; basket, waste-
paper;
thick, skin; goal, keep; ship, war; short, sight; share, hold.
Exercise 3. Translate the following pairs of sentences. Comment on their difference.
1. We had a break-down. – Our car broke down. 2. They had a switch-over from a
defensive to an offensive policy. – They switched over from a defensive to an
offensive policy. 3. She wore castaways. – She wore things that had been cast away.
4. Spelling is his most serious hold-back. – Spelling holds him back. 5. The story was
a take-in. – The story took us all in.
Exercise 4. Arrange the following words according to the type of contracting:
exam, disco, bus, plane, fridge, Tony, ad, phone, maths, teeny, Nick, mag, pram,
retro,
flu, doc, cab, chute, mayo, Fred, gas, Liz, van.

Exercise 5. Pick out all the abbreviations from the sentences given below. Comment
on their formation.
1. Matilda spent weeks taking notes for a Ph.D. thesis. 2. The doctors examine
X-rays on high-quality teleradiology monitors and conduct video consultations with
patients. 3. He heard several shells fall in and around Company H.Q. just as he came
along the trench. 4. The National Comission on AIDS reported that up to half of all
Americans with AIDS are either homeless or are about to lose their homes. 5. She's
nice enough, but she's got the IQ of an artichoke. 6. It was only mid-March, but
already
winter coats had been shed. 6. "Fetch me an ABC, will you?" 7. The man wore
khakis, a T-shirt, and basketball sneakers. 8. The UV rays from the sun attack the
nucleus of the skin cell. 9. He had a nice UNESCO pension, plus stock in the
Pittsburgh firm. 10. "I'm going to be a candidate," said Mor. "Whether I'll be M.P.
depends on the electorate."
Exercise 6. Give English words or phrases corresponding to the following Latin
abbreviations.
A.D., a.m., e.g., B.C., P.S., cf., id., ibid., etc., i.e., NB.