Practice Problem—Part A Two people standing on equal-height buildings are lifting a box of mass M between the buildings using two ropes. The people keep the two ropes the same length between their hands and the box so that both ropes make an angle @ with the vertical. Draw and label the forces exerted on the box (represented by the dot) at one moment in time when the box is at rest. PartB Derive an expression for the magnitude of the tension F, in the two ropes in terms of M, @, and fundamental constants.Part C 7 o 7 fs +90" +908 ‘The graphs above show the values of sind and cos@ for angles between 0° and +90°. The two people notice that as the box rises at constant velocity, the force they must exert on the ropes becomes greater and areater, and they cannot make the ropes horizontal no matter how much force they exert. Use your equation from Part B and one or both of the graphs above to explain why the people have these experiences.Practice Problem A student whose normal weight is 500 N stands on a scale in an elevator and records the scale reading as a function of time. The data are shown in the graph below. on student 20 (on student Time (2) cha et ne to ht alae PartA Describe the motion of the elevator for each of the four segments by filing in the table below to. represent the directions of position, velocity, and acceleration. Assume that the upward direction is positive in all cases, The elevator starts from rest at f= 0. Speeding up/ ‘Moving up/ Acceleration Slowing Down/ ‘Moving Down! (/-/0) Constant Speed At Rest Souce Cange Bon APPS THK EP GellageBoarCommon Forces on a Force Diagram Are free-body diagrams only used on FRQs? NO - FBDs can be included in multiple-choice items as well (you would be responsible for identifying types of forces, directions, and relative magnitudes) (force of friction on an object) (normal force of a solid surface on an object) (force applied by a spring) (force of gravity on an object) (tension force of a string or cable on an object) Wcoltegeboard F; (Force of Friction on an Object) —————Eaa29a9D279A77»”»™”R7BnnND] Common misconceptions: ls F; always included in a FBD? Is F; always “backwards” when an object is moving?F; (Force of Friction on an Object) ————————— Common misconceptions (continued): If F;is present, does that mean the object must be slowing down? Which of the following are possible? A) Stationary B) Constant Speed C) Slowing Down D) Speeding Up Fy (Normal Force of a Solid Surface on an Object) —— Common misconceptions: Is F,, always present? When should it be included? ls F,, always applied directly upward? htFs (Force applied by a spring) Common misconceptions: Is |x| the length of the spring? Is the force applied by the spring uniform? F. What does the slope What does the area under of this line represent? this line represent? Ix ‘OCotlogeBoard F, (Force of Gravity on an Object) Common misconceptions: Is F, always present? When should it be included? Is F, always applied directly downward? iad ; £ Image Source: Original ContentF,, (Force of Gravity on an Object) Common misconceptions (continued): Does F, always equal mg (with g = 9.8m/s?)? 1 \ e- Fi! mg ’ Should | write “g” or “gravity” on a FBD? What should | write? Image Source: Orginal ContentNewton’s 1st Law Common misconceptions: Does Newton's 1* law only apply to objects with no forces acting on them? If an object is in equilibrium, does that mean it is stationary? ‘Sometimes we say an object isin ‘vertical’ or “horizontal” equilibrium, indicating thatthe forces on that axis are balanced ee catoosBoard Newton’s 24 Law Common misconceptions: If there is one force acting “up” and one force acting “down,” does that mean they are equal in magnitude? If the upward force is larger, does that mean the object is moving up? ‘CollegeboardNewton’s 3'¢ Law Common misconceptions: When a block sits at rest on a table, F,y (the table pushing up on the block) balances mg (the Earth’s gravity pulling down on the block). Is this an example of a Newton's 3" law force pair?