FIGURE 2.8: THE ONION ~ AN EXAMPLE FROM CHIAPAS, MEXICO INDIGENOUS PEASANT Bosses, sTockraen AND demand fora fre press POSITIONS sescton Oe equal opportunities and t investigation of assassinations and punishments INTERESTS, Land redistribution, respect for human rights, aliances ~ with other social forces and democracy ee Land, well-being and justice they are also les likely to beable to gasp ou" needs through analsis or empathy, as est of lack of knowledge and because mistrust _-- changes people's perceptions of each other “Thus ina.ituaton of confit and instability, actions fay no longer come directly from reeds. People may look atthe more collective and abstract level of interests and base their actions on these. When those interests ae tunder attack, they may take up and defend 2 postion thats stil Further emoved fom thet basic needs. ‘This type ofanalyssis useful for parties who are invohed in negotiation, to cay for them- selves their own needs interests and positions. “Then, as they plan thee strategies forthe nego~ tiation, they can decide how much of the ior layers’ ~ interests and reeds - they inter ties involved. ‘want to reveal to the other par 'As suggested above, people may choose to reveal more when the level of trust has re. But, even if they are slow to do this to the other side(s} at least they wil gain awareness of the needs that are most important to them enabling them to identify those interests on arn . NEEDS 9) —————> rights of indigenous people | = || toot ses ncn Semalheortoiarg | Ziscgmcnne | Land as well as money “Thus in the example shown in Figure 28 one group of people (indigenous peasant organ- ‘sations) has a need for land, well-being and §ustic. Their interests inland redistribution, respect for human ight, alliances with other socal forces and demoxrar. But, because of the criss in which they are involved, what they express publicly i their position ~ they ae ‘against miltarsation and demand a fee pres, equal opporturities and the investigation of assassinations and punishments. “The second group of people (bosses, stock- ‘men and landowners) also have a need for Fang, in addition to money. Tei interest isin politcal and economic control access to cheap ‘nanval labour, and building alances with the state and municipal goverment. Their publicly expressed position is strongly against sub- version, protection by the security forces and denial of the rights of indigenous peopl. Tt is easy to see how groups that are locked into defending thie postions wil find it very dificult to find any common ground. This sight, then, mean that that their actual needs are not met, and are uikey tobe met inthe