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SULIT 18 SOALAN7 455112 7. Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan graf perubahan kelebalan endometrium dalam uterus seorang wanita. Diagram 7.1 shows a graph of changes in the thickness of the endometrium in the uterus of a woman. § 7 7 2 as 52 BS §3 a — Masa/hari x ‘Time/days 0 4 B “ 2B 4 2B sak Buanteipa un cepa [= Sempra fe Sea Theenens | Forno Rajah 7.1 Diagram 7.1 (a)()_ Namakan proses yang beriaku di Z. ‘Name the process which took place at Z. [1 markah/1 mark] (li) Berikan alasan bagi jawapan di 7(a) (i). Give reasons for your answer in (a) (') [1 markah/1 mark] 4551/2 © 2022 Hak Cipta MPSM Cawangan Kelantan SULIT [LIHAT HALAMAN SEBELAH] Powered by CamScanner ®. Scanned with CamScanner SULIT 19 4551/2 (b)(i) Wanita tersebut disahkan hamil pada bulan kedua. Namun, selepas bulan ketiga, beliau mengalami pendarahan dan disahkan keguguran. Lengkapkan graf dalam rajah 7.1 untuk menunjukkan perubahan ketebalan endometrium. The woman was confirmed pregnant in the second month, However, after the third month, she experienced bleeding and was diagnosed with a miscarriage. Complete the graph in Diagram 7.1 to show the change in endometrial thickness. (1 markahit mark] (i) Keguguran itu berlaku disebabkan oleh perubahan hormon. Terangkan The miscarriage occurs due to hormonal changes. Explain. [3 markah/3 marks] (©) Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan pembentukan dua pasangan kembar. Diagram 7.2 shows the formation of two pairs of twins, om © 7 sy Kembar P Kembar Q Twins P Twins Q Rajah 7.2 Diagram 7.2 suLIT 455176 2022 Hak Cipta MPSM Gewangen Kelantan [LIHAT HALAMAN SEBELAH] Powered by CamScanner ®. Scanned with CamScanner SULIT 20 4551p (i) Terangkan perbezaan pembentukan dua pasangan kembar ilu. Explain the differance in the formation of the two pairs of twins. [2 markahi2 marks} (i) Nyalakan satu faktor yang menyebabkan variasi pada kembar Q. State one factor that causes variation in twins Q. [1 markah/1 mark] Scanned with CamScanner 6 Bahagian C [20 markal} Soalan ini mesti dijawab. 11, (@)_—_ Rajah 11.1 menunjukkan perkembangan zigot manusia. Diagram 11.1 shows the development of a human zygote. ‘Lub fallopio Fallopian tube Rajah 1.1 / Diagram 11.1 ‘Huraikan proses-proses yang berlaku dari R ke S. Describe the processes which occurs from R to S. [5 markah/marks] (b) Rajah 11.2 menunjukkan satu kitar haid seorang wanita, Diagram 11.2 shows a menstrual cycle of a woman. “4 ‘Ams barman, pitta Level of pituitary hormone Berkembangan, falikel Follicle development eas Rajah 11.2/ Diagram 11.2 (©2022 Hak CiptaJabatan Pendiskan Pulau Pinang suuT ae Scanned with CamScanner a ‘Terangkan perubahan yang mungkin berlaku dalam ovari dan uterus sekiranya oosit sekunder disenyawakan, Explain the possible changes in ovaries and uterus if secondary oocytes fertilised. [5 markah/marks} (©) Rajah 11.3 menunjukkan lengkung pertumbuhan manusi Diagram 11.3 shows a growth curve of human. Pertumbuban / Growth Masa / Time Rajah 11.3 / Diagram 11.3 ‘V, W, X dan Y adalah fasa-fasa pada lengkung pertumbuhan, ‘Terangkan perubahan yang berlaku pada setiap fasa. V, W, Xand ¥ are phases of the growth curve, Explain the changes occur in each phase. {10 markah/marks} KERTAS PEPERIKSAAN TAMAT. Selamat mengulangkaji dari telegram @soalanpercubaanspm (©2022 Hak CiptaJabatan Pendiskan Pusu Pinang suuT Bcamscanner Scanned with CamScanner Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa S(anti) 1 Sail) S(a)iti) 12 4551/2 5 Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan proses yang berlaku di ovari dan tiub Falopio. Diagram 5.1 shows the proc ss that take place in the ovary and Fallopian tube, Persenyawaan =; ee ae Fertilisation x Proses Z Process Z Y Rajah 5.1 Diagram 5.1 (a) (i) Namakan struktur X. 4551/2 Name structure X. [1 markah] [1 mark] (ii) Nyatakan hormon yang terlibat dalam proses Z. State the hormone involved in the process Z. [1 markah] [1 mark] (ii) Terangkan kesan jika hormon yang dinyatakan di 5(a)(ii) tidak dihasilkan, Explain the effect if the hormone stated in 5(a\ii) is not produced. [2 markah| [2 marks] Scanned with CamScanner 13 4551/2] Untuk Kegunaan (b) Struktur X telah disenyawakan di dalam tiub Falopio. Pemeriksa Terangkan peranan struktur Y semasa kehamilan, Structure X was fertilised in the Fallopian tube. Explain the role of structure ¥ during pregnancy 5(b) : 2 [2 markah] [2 marks] 4551/2 [ Lihat halaman sebelah en Scanned with CamScanner Untuk 10 4551/2 Kegunaan Pemeriksa| § Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan sistem pembiakan lelaki. Diagram 5.1 shows the male reproductive system. x Kelenjar Y Gland Y Zz Rajah 5.1 Diagram 5.1 (@) (i) Namakan struktur X. Sa) Name structure X. 1 [1 markah) [1 mark] (ii) Nyatakan fungsi struktur X. State the function of structure X. S(ajlii) 1 [1 markah] {1 mark} 4551/2 en Scanned with CamScanner W 4551/2 (6) Seorang individu telah disahkan mengalami kanser kelenjar Y. Kelenjar Y menjadi semakin besar sehingga menyebabkan individu tersebut mengalami kencing yang tidak lawas. Terangkan bagaimana kanser tersebut bertukar daripada benigna kepada malignan, An individual is diagnosed with cancer of gland Y. Gland Y becomes bigger until it causes difficulty in urination. Explain how the cancer change from benign to malignant. [2 markah] [2 marks} (©) Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan proses pembentukan gamet yang berlaku dalam struktur Z, Diagram 5.2 shows the process of gamete formation that takes place in structure Z. Spermatogonium Spermatogonium Rajah 5.2 Diagram 5.2 Terangkan perubahan yang berlaku pada peringkat W. Explain the changes that occur at stage W. 2 markah) (2 marks] Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa 5b) Ste) 4551/2 [ Lihat halaman sebelah Scanned with CamScanner Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa Total 12 4551/2 (2) Rajah 5.3 menunjukkan struktur gamet yang berbeza dalam individu U dan V. Sperma individu U adalah normal manakala sperma individu V yang abnormal dikesan sebagai punca masalah kemandulan pada individu V. Diagram 5.3. shows different structure of gametes in individual U and V. Sperm of individual U is normal whereas sperms of individual V are abnormal detected to be the cause of infertility in individual V. CGO U v Rajah 5.3 Diagram 5.3 Individu V telah berkahwin dan merancang untuk mendapatkan anak sendiri. Cadangkan satu kaedah bagi merawat masalah kemandulan pada individu V sehingga pasangan tersebut berjaya mendapatkan anak, Terangkan cadangan anda. Individual V has married and plan to get their own child. Suggest a method to treat the infertility problem in individual V until the couple able t0 conceive a child. Explain your suggestion. [2 markah] [2 marks] 4551/2 en Scanned with CamScanner Untuk 10 45512 Kegunaan Pemeriksa a rmeriisa s Rajah $ menunjukkan perubshan yang berlaku dalam satu kitar haid. Diagram § shows the changes that occurred in a menstrual cycle. ° Perkembangan folikel | @(@) e@ ) &D @® ) Follicle development Ovulasi_ Korpus luteum Ovulation Corpus luteum Aras hormon Level of hormone Perubahan dinding endometrium Changes of endometrium wall Hari Day Rajah 5 Diagram 5 (a) (i) Namakan hormon P. Sani) ‘Name hormone P. 7 [1 markak} (1 mark] as ii) Nyatakan peranan bormon P dalam kitarhaid. Conti) State the role of hormone P in menstrual cycle. 7 (1 markah} (1 mark} (0) Terangkan hubungan antara aras hormon Q dan perubahan di pada hari ke-14 hingga hari ke-21, Explain the relationship between the level of hormone Q and the changes of endometrium wall on day 14 to day 21. 500) (2 markaf} 4551/2 xen Powered by CamScanner Bownscaner Scanned with CamScanner " 4551/2 (©) Puan § mengambil pil perancang bagi mencegah kehamilan. Pil tersebut ‘mengandungi hormon Q dan sedikit hormon P. Doktor menasihati beliau supaya mengambil pil tersebut pada hari pertama kedatangan haid dan berhenti pada hari ke-22. ‘Madam § took contraceptive pills to prevent pregnancy. The pills contain hormone Q and small amount of hormone P. The doctor advised her to take the pill on the first day of menstruation and stop on the 22 day. Terangkan bagaimana pengambilan pil perancang dapat menghalang kehamilan. Explain how taking contraceptive pills able to prevent pregnancy. (2 markah) (2 marks} (@) Selepas ovulasi, korpus Iuteum terbentuk. Keadaan korpus Iuteum dan ketebalan dinding endometrium bergantung kepada persenyawaan i antara ‘ovum dan sperma. Afier ovulation, the corpus luteum is formed. The condition of corpus luteum and the thickness of endometrium wall depends on the fertilisation between ‘ovum and sperm. Nyatakan perbezaan bagi keadaan Korpus luteum dan dinding endometrium dalam situasi berikut: State the difference for the condition of corpus luteum and the endometrium wall in the following situation: Persenyawaan tidak berlaku Fertilisation does not occur Situasi Situation Persenyawaan berlaku Fertilisation oceurs Keadaan korpus luteum Condition of corpus luteum Keadaan dinding endometrium Condition of endometrium wall (2.markah] [2 marks} Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa So) Sid) [ a Total AS 4551/2 | Powered by (9 CamScanner [ Lihat halaman sebelah Becwnscanne Scanned with CamScanner SULIT 18 4551/2 Bahagian B Section B [20 markah] (20 marks} Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini. Answer any one questions from this section. 9 (@ Hormon adalah bahan kimia yang mengawal atur fungsi khas dalam badan seperti kitar haid, Perubahan aras hormon ini memberi kesan kepada perkembangan folikel dan perubahan ketebalan endometrium sepanjang satu kitar haid, Hormone is a chemical substance that regulate specific functions in the body such as menstrual cycle. Changes in the hormonal level affects the follicle growth and changes in the endometrial wall thickness throughout one menstrual cycle. Terangkan peranan hormon-hormon yang terlibat dalam kitar haid. Explain the role of hormones involved in the menstrual cycle. [4 markah / marks} [Lihat halaman sebelah 4551/202022 MPSM Negeri Sembilan SULIT ae Scanned with CamScanner SULIT 9 4551/2 (b) Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan proses persenyawaan dan perkembangan zigot dalam sistem pembiakan perempuan, Diagram 9.1 shows the process of fertilisation and development of the zygote in the female reproductive system. Tiub Falopio 2sel Morula Fallopian tube 2cells Morula Penempelan blastosista Implantation of blastocyst Rajah 9.1 / Diagram 9.1 Berdasarkan rajah di atas, terangkan proses persenyawaan dan perkembangan awal embrio sehingga penempelan berlaku di uterus. Based on the diagram above, describe the process of fertilisation and the early development of the embryo until implantation occurs in the uterus. [6 markah / marks] [Lihat halaman sebelah 4551/202022 MPSM Negeri Sembilan SULIT Bcamscanner Scanned with CamScanner SULIT 4551/2 (©) Pertumbuhan organisma merupakan proses Kkekal serta tidak berbalik yang ‘melibatkan pertambahan bilangan sel, saiz, isi padu dan jisim badan organisma. Pertumbuhan ini dapat dilihat dengan memplotkan parameter pertumbuhan ‘melawan masa, Terdapat enam fasa dalam lengkung sigmoid iaitu: © Fasa permulaan ‘* Fasa pertumbuhan pesat ‘+ Fasa pertumbuhan perlahan © Fasa matang © Fasa penuaan ¢Fasa kematian Growth in organisms is an irreversible, permanent process that involves the increase in the number of cells, size, volume and weight of the organism's body. The growth can be seen by plotting growth parameters against time. There are six Phases in the sigmoid growth curve that is: © Lag phase ‘© Exponential phase ‘© Stationary phase © Maturity phase © Senescence phase © Death phase Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, terangkan enam fasa dalam lengkung pertumbuhan sigmoid. Based on the above statement, explain the six phases in the sigmoid growth curve. 4551/202022 MPSM Negeri Sembilan [10 markah / marks] [Lihat halaman sebelah SULIT ae Scanned with CamScanner 10 Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan hubungkait antara satu kelenjar endokrin dan perubahan dalam ovari manusia, Diagram 10.1 shows the relationship between an endocrine gland and the changes in Auman ovary. Kelenjar pituitar Pituitary gland “Hormon X ‘Hormone X Struktur P Structure P Rajah 10.1 / Diagram 10.1 (@)(i)Berdasarkan Rajah 10.1 namakan hormon X dan nyatakan peranan hormon tersebut dalam perkembangan kitar ovari sebelum ovulasi berlaku, Based on Diagram 10.1 name hormone X and state the role of the hormone in the development of the ovarian cycle before ovulation occurs. [2 markah / marks] 455122 [Lihat helaian sebelah SULIT Scanned with CamScanner SULIT 4551/2 20 Gi) Seorang wanita yang berkahwin mendapati struktur P tersumbat dan beliau tidak boleh hamil-Terangkan satu. teknik yang boleh digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ini. A married woman found the P structure clogged and she could not get pregnant. Describe a technique that can be used to overcome this problem. [5 markah / marks] (ii) Rajah 10.2. menunjukkan struktur Q yang terdapat di endometrium semasa kehamilan. Diagram 10.2 shows structure Q found in the endometrium during pregnancy. Rajah 10.2 / Diagram 10.2 Bincangkan peranan struktur Q sepanjang kehamilan tersebut. Discuse the role of structure of Q during pregnancy. [5 markah / marks] 4551/2 [Lihat helaian sebelah SULIT Boose Scanned with CamScanner SULIT 4551/2 a (b) Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan proses A dan proses B yang berlaku dalam manusia. Rajah 10.3 shows process A and process B that occurs in human. Sel germa primordium Sel germa primordium Primodial germ cell Primodial germ cell ‘Spermatosit primer Primary spermatocyte Ovum y ‘Ovum —Yasad kutub Polar bodies ‘Sperma ‘Sperm Rajah 10.3 / Diagram 10.3 Bandingkan proses A dan proses B. Compare process A and process B. [8 markah / marks] 4551/2 [Lihat helaian sebelah SULIT Boose Scanned with CamScanner SULIT 4. Rajah 4 menunjukkan sebahagian rajah skema spermatogenesis yang berlaku dalam satu organisma. Diagram 4 shows a part of schematic diagram a spermatogenesis of an organisri Spemnatosit primer Primary spermatocyte “© © @) @) Spermatid Viobiliy Spermatid OOO CO Sperma ‘Sperm Rajah 4/ Diagram 4 (a) Berdasarkan Rajah 4, nyatakan organ yang terlibat dengan proses ini. Based on Diagram 4, state the organ involved in this process. [1 markali“? mark] (>) (i) Namakan proses P dan sel Q Name process P and cell Q. Proses P: Process P Sel Q cell [2 markahi/.2 marks] 9 Brnscnnr Scanned with CamScanner SULIT (ii) Berdasarkan Rajah 4, terangkan bagaimana pembentukan sperma berlaku Based on Diagram 4, explain how the formation of sperm occur. [2 markab/ 2 marks] (©) Encik M terdedah kepada sinaran radioaktif tanpa disedari olehnya, Situasi itu telah ‘menyebabkan sperma yang dihasilkan mempunyai bilangan kromosom yang abnormal. Terangkan mengapa Mr Mis exposed to radioactive radiations without him being aware of it. This situation caused the production of sperms with abnormal numbers of chromosomes. Explain why. [2 markah/ 2 marks] 10 Brnscnnr Scanned with CamScanner

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