BASIC LIFE SUPPORT

dr. ALITA DEWI PERCUNDA, M.Kes

Disampaikan pada Pradik FKG Tanggal 21 Januari 2022

 Background

The ERC recommends Determine if the victim

Whenever possible,
that the bystander who is unresponsive and not
alert the emergency
is trained and able breathing normally and
services without leaving
should assess the then immediately alert
the victim
collapsed victim rapidly the emergency services

• Defibrillation within 3–5 min of collapse can produce survivalrates as high as 50–70%. Early
defibrillation can be achieved throughCPR providers using public access and on-site AEDs
Cardiac Arrest
• Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is one of the leading causes of death in
Europe
• About25–50% of SCA victims have ventricular fibrillation (VF)
• The recommended treatment for VF cardiac arrest is immediate
bystander CPR and early electrical defibrillation
• Most cardiac arrests of non-cardiac origin have respiratory causes,
such as drowning (among them many children) and asphyxia. Rescue
breaths as well as chest compressions are critical for successful
resuscitation of these victims
When providing manual chest compressions:
1. Deliver compressions ‘in the centre of the
chest’
2. Compress to a depth of at least 5 cm but not
more than 6 cm
3. Compress the chest at a rate of 100–120
min with as few inter-ruptions as possible
4. Allow the chest to recoil completely after
each compression; do not lean on the chest

“place the heel of your hand in the centre of

the chest with the other hand on top”.

A ratio of 30:2 provides the best compromise

between blood flowand oxygen delivery
 The chain of survival
• The Chain of Survival summarises the vital links needed for successful resuscitation
• Early recognition and call for help
• Once cardiac arrest has occurred, early recognition is critical to enable rapid activation of the EMS and
prompt initiation of bystander CPR. The key observations are unresponsiveness and not breathing
normally
• Early bystander CPR
• The immediate initiation of CPR can double or quadruple survival from cardiac arrest
• Early defibrillation
• Defibrillation within 3–5 min of collapse can produce survival rates as high as 50–70%. This can be
achieved by public access and onsite AEDs
• Early advanced life support and standardised post-resuscitation care
• Advanced life support with airway management, drugs and correcting causal factors may be needed if
initial attempts at resuscitation are unsuccessful. The quality of treatment during the post-
resuscitation phase affects outcome
WHEN TO STOP?
ADVANCED CARDIAC LIFE SUPPORT