Whereas a wholesaler market demand to companies, they also buy things in order to resell them.

The
retailer, but at the other side, sells products to the end customer. Inside this sense, this two different
business formats serve as crucial marketing channels middlemen. The entire chain would be disrupted if
all these two components are missing. The fundamental contrasts among retail and wholesale will be
discussed.

WHOLESALE
Wholesale would be a firm that sells huge quantities of items to retailers, industry, as well as other
companies.

Lower price

Less competition

Large volume of transaction

Deals in limited product

Area of operation in extended to varies cities

No need of advertisement

Wholesale involves the sale providing items in large quantities to consumers such as merchants,
industries, and also at very low cost. This is a form of company wherein the wholesalers buy products in
large quantities out from manufacturers and afterwards divides the bulk onto smaller portions. They
then were repackaged and resold to those other companies.

RETAIL
Retail would be a sort of company in which things are sold by small quantities to the ultimate customer.

Comparatively much high price

Very high competition

Small volume of transaction

Deal in different product

Area of operation limited to a specific area

Need of advertisement

The term "retail" refers to the sale of items in modest quantities. Whenever things are sold through
small amounts towards the ultimate client or consumption rather than resale, such business form is
referred to that as retail. Retailers act as a go-between for wholesalers & customers. They buy things by
bulk through wholesalers & sell them for tiny numbers to the final customer.

Q1

Task Performers
Such people are fully aware of their primary responsibilities and whatever they are expected to
accomplish at workplace. Each person should have certain life objectives. Task performers create goals
for themselves and work diligently to complete assignments inside the time span allotted. Make a
decision on where you want to go. It's effective. These duties and responsibilities must be in accordance
with the aims & objectives of the company. Task performers stay focused on its task but never lose sight
of their goals, ensuring that deadlines are met that goals are met on or ahead of schedule. These
employees specialize in helping and customers, instruct other coworkers, and strive to complete
assignments on schedule and with as few faults as possible. Individuals don't really believe that working
individually and instead prefer to collaborate in groups.

Organizational Citizenship
In today’s modern tough competitive environment, businesses must deliver something more to clients in
order to compete and outperform competitors in the long run. Remember that just doing your work on
a regular basis isn't going to cut it. If users want to get to the top spot in the shortest amount of time,
you'll have to think creatively. Finding what it is you're doing this for the company in addition to their
normal employment. Managers must encourage staff to learn from one another's experience and
knowledge. Assist your coworkers. Give them a friendly audience and listen to their difficulties. When
one of the members of the team is unable to complete a task, sit down alongside him, think creatively,
and assist him in finding a suitable solution. Show genuine consideration for others.

Counterproductive Work Behavior

Individuals who engage in unproductive job behavior get a proclivity to do harm towards their
employers. These people not just to criticize their employer, but it also attacks coworkers and make
filthy remarks. Individuals are frequently involved in obnoxious behaviors and performing ineffective
jobs, which degrade the overall workplace atmosphere. Individuals that engage in unproductive job
behavior seem to be more likely to steal, leak private information, interfere with information, and etc.
Patience is required while dealing with such people. Encourage people to overcome their undesirable
characteristics, or give people the exit door right now.

Q3

In 1959, renowned american psychologist John R. P. France and Bertram Raven performed research
which indicated overall power may be split into five categories. Coercive power, referent
power, legitimate power, expert power, referent power, & reward power seems to be the five forms of
power within leadership

Legitimate Power:

Whenever the organization's leadership is acknowledged, the leader gains this power. It is derived from
either the institution's regulations. Families, educators, executives, police officers, and others, for
example, possess legitimate power if only our authority are recognized inside the roles they occupy.
Expert Power

This form of power is derived from one's knowledge, ability, and competence. This really is the power
with specialized knowledge and ability that is critical to completing a task. Expert authority is conferred
on a person by his or their professional ability or knowledge. Domain knowledge specialists,  techno-
functional, Engineering, finance, human resources, as well as other specialized group managers rely
largely on this form of power towards successful success. Through experience, one's reputation grows,
and one can persuade others to believe the leader's judgements and conclusions. A leadership may not
have been a specialist in many subjects, however he or she may surely enlist the assistance of specialists
in specific disciplines as needed.

Charismatic Power:

That's the attractiveness or devotional power, or even the urge for one individual to adore another.
People appreciate or respect the leader with a high level of such a form of power because of personal
characteristics. By connecting with both the leader or being influenced by that of the leader's appealing
power, a worker experiences a favorable attachment to that same leader. Its power is built just on
leader's conviction, adoration, or affiliation. That power aids the submissive in comprehending and
appreciating the leader to the point where the subsidiary recognizes & acts in accordance with the
boss's and leader's requirements. It aids in acting as someone's boss & behaving in ways that one
believes the employer would prefer.

Reward Power:

That power refers to the ability that reward deserving behavior in the present or future. This authority is
founded on the leader's capacity to give tangible or intangible benefits. A superior and leadership does
have the authority to provide concrete benefits towards the subsidiary, including a promotion, office
area, vacation off after work, interesting job tasks, and assistance. Psychological benefits like as praise,
respect, approbation, and acknowledgment can also be offered to the subordinated by that of the
leader and supervisor. That subordinate must feel that now the leader possesses access to better
authority and, as a result, may reward them. The leadership's reward system might also boost his or her
charismatic yet legitimate influence. Positive incentives like as money, employment, or acknowledgment
are frequently used as rewards in organizations.

Coercive Power

This refers to one's power can threaten and punish others. This authority is founded upon that leader's
anxiety. That leader's ability to impose possible sanctions such as unfavorable job assignments,
reprimands, and removal. There'll always be times in an organization whenever a leader should possess
to use coercion to get something done. Termination, demotion, bad rating, less fulfilling job roles, and
other concrete punishments are available to the leader. They could also subject the submissive to
psychological punishment such as judgment, avoidance, rejection, or mocking remarks, among others.
Having ability to compensate helps you avoid doing something you don't want to do. Due to the obvious
intrinsic rewards, that superior's self-esteem would rise. This also falls as a result of punishment and
coercion.

Question
difference between employee-focused leadership and task-focused leadership

Employee-focused leadership

Employee-centered patterns that lead interpersonal interactions but is sometimes linked to a

participative strategy, wherein leaders aim to engage others within the processes, including such
colleagues, peers, superiors, as well as other participants.

The term refers to a crucial leadership style which is at the heart of today's participative and
communicative management approach. It illustrates the benefits and drawbacks of employee-centered
leadership styles through research data and study area, as well as providing step-by-step instruction for
execution & critical success factors.

Task-focused leadership

What does it mean to lead in a task-oriented manner? Task-oriented leadership is concerned with
attaining objectives. Task-oriented direction and oversight responsibilities, establish clear procedures,
and give a timeline that ensure that everyone in the group stays focused and completes their portion of
the project on deadline. This management approach creates a disciplined workplace with well-defined
objectives & schedules. If companies frequently need to fulfil a large range of objectives on such a tight
timeline, task-oriented leadership may be useful.