Professional Documents
Culture Documents
a collection of poetry
JOHN XAVIER
“However vain and conceited people may be, the conception they usually have of themselves is
very humble; that is, they have no conception of being spirit, the absolute that a human can be;
but vain and conceited they remain – comparatively speaking. If one were to imagine a house
consisting of a basement, ground floor and first floor, tenanted or planned in such a way that
there is, or is meant to be, a difference of social class between the occupants of each floor – and
if now one were to compare being a human being with such a house, then the sorry and ludicrous
fact with most people is, alas, that in their own house they prefer to live in the basement. Every
human being is the psycho-physical synthesis planned as spirit; this is the building, but he prefers
living in the basement, that is, in the categories of sensation. Moreover, he not only prefers living
in the basement – no, he loves it so much that he is indignant if anyone suggests he occupy the
fine suite lying vacant above him; after all he is living in his own house!”
When Dongshan was in [Jiangxi,] he met Head Monk Chŭ, who exclaimed, “How amazing! How
amazing! The realm of the Buddha and the realm of the path! How unfathomable!” To this
Dongshan replied, “I don’t inquire about the realm of the Buddha or the realm of the Path; what
kind of person is someone who talks about the realm of the Buddha and the realm of the Path?”
After a long time of Head Monk Chŭ not responding, Dongshan asked, “Why don’t you answer
more quickly?” Chŭ replied, “Such aggression won’t do.” “You haven’t even answered what you
were asked,” Dongshan retorted, “So how can you say that such aggression won’t do?” Chŭ didn’t
respond. Dongshan continued, “The Buddha and the Path are nothing more than names. Why
don’t you quote some teachings?” “What would a teaching add?” asked Chŭ. “When you’ve
grasped the meaning, discard the words,” replied Dongshan.” “By still depending on teachings,
you sicken your mind,” protested Chŭ. “And how great is the sickness of the one who talks about
the realm of the Buddha and the realm of the Path?” asked Dongshan.
Once more, Chŭ failed to answer. Then the next day he suddenly passed away and Dongshan
became known as “the one who questions head monks to death.”
Dongshan, Case 26
INTRODUCTION
This is the eighth collection of poetry I’ve written. As in the present volume, most
of these have just consisted of whatever publishable work I wrote at random within
a given period of time (The two exceptions being Full Circle, a series of largely
chronological haiku organized around the four seasons, and Dead Time, what was
mostly a collection of documentary prison poems which all implausibly disappeared
from my personal effects during a prison transfer) So the obvious danger here is
that I might begin to repeat myself and, like many artists before (And after) me,
become a mechanical facsimile of the creative writer I previously was.
Conscious of this though, and still stimulated by the creative possibilities of poetry,
I’ve continued to strive for originality while experimenting with unused themes and
techniques. For example, although I’ve written a few poems about the world of
painting in the past (To the Young Tahitian Woman, Dali Says Fuck You, etc) the
reader can observe for themselves that fine art is a subject matter of particular
interest throughout this collection. The reason for this, the seed in fact, was a poem
I wrote in my last collection (1985 and Other Poems) titled “Civic Anti-Poetry”
whose opening stanza envisioned its generic city through a cubist lens. This then
got me thinking about the application of cubist principles to written art forms,
specifically the approaches of early analytical and synthetic cubism, and the result
of those deliberations ended up being the poem “Incidents Involving Commercial
Aircraft.” One of my better ones I think.
But while I was pleased with the outcome here, I remained uncharacteristically
preoccupied with the idea of cubism. During the writing of IIAC, I’d extrapolated a
certain set of guidelines which I relied on to give general shape to the work: these
being the cubist focus on intersecting perspectives, where the object is presented
from multiple angles simultaneously, the promotion of incongruity to emphasize
the dynamic reality of the object, and the reduction of form to its essentials so that
the soul of the object is uncluttered by extraneous details. With IIAC, the first of
these were used to create temporal simultaneity as well as spatial simultaneity,
something that wasn’t prominent in the visual works of the cubists I was familiar
with and something I thought was better depicted through literary means anyways.
But after the poem was finished, I felt I was still far from having exhausted the ore
of literary possibilities here. As such, I returned to it during the writing of this
collection and produced one paradigmatically cubist poem, both in terms of theme
and technique (This was “Re: Braque”) as well as a few other poems that attempted
to achieve the same kind of poetic translation for other contemporaneous visual
art movements. Clearly this kind of fascination could be indulged endlessly, the
varieties of art are without limit, but for now I think I’m content here.
As a personal aside, I should add that I wasn’t familiar with the history of cubist
literature when all this started. If pressed, I’d have replied that cubist literature
must have been produced during its original historical period, and after, but I
wasn’t aware of any significant works in this respect. Since then, after the writing
of “Re: Braque” but before completing “First Word” I did have a chance to read
some interesting poetry from that era but, of these, only Gertrude Stein’s “Identity
a Poem” was of notable worth – while also appearing to have a significant cubist
influence (And it’s probably the first Stein poem I’ve truly enjoyed)
Another motif that occurs throughout this collection revolves around the concepts
of duality, twinness, contradiction, inversion, and symmetry. As such, many of the
poems are paired; some more obviously than others. While I’m not a proponent of
dualism by any means, it should be acknowledged that duality circumscribes the
existential foundations of every form of being (Things exist or they don’t) and so
duality is rightly understood as the primary phase of any creative process. The
origination of something is always an act of division and the creation story of
Genesis supports that much. Of course, poetry and literature are lower orders of
creation, depending more on pre-existing material, but they too participate in the
basic ontological parameters of reality and so a writer will remain crippled in their
abilities as long as they fail to properly appreciate this.
Further confirmation then that self-reflection is important. And I’m not just saying
this for effect here. I often reread my own work to better understand it, scrutinizing
something different on each perusal, while also contemplating the same questions
that initially animated me during the writing process. Because I don’t often get
feedback on my writing, I don’t really know whether the full range of thought I’m
putting in to it is having any impact on those who read it; but it’s there. I’m firmly
of the opinion, and perhaps this is the minority view, that the value of art is largely
objective and that the merits of any artistic work are verifiable by the appropriate
means of analysis. Of course that claim itself demands justification but, consistent
with this, I think its own justification can be easily provided in a perfectly forthright
manner. To that end, I will try something else here for the first time.
At the conclusion of the poem sequence in this book, commentary on the sixteen
poems I consider my best will be added. In truth, “First Word” would probably
benefit the most from explication due to its numerous puns and allusions but, while
I think it’s an accomplished Dadaist poem (Or pseudo-Dadaist poem really because
it erects a Dadaist façade over a rational framework) the Dadaist aesthetic grates
against my own personal preferences and as such it’s not one of my favorite pieces
of writing. On the contrary, it was more an exercise in proving to myself that I could
meet the challenge here. Again, I still have a desire to improve my own artistic
powers, so I frequently write things that don’t gratify my immediate cravings but
serve the more fundamental gratification of greater creative development. In
short, I try to overcome my personal limits to fulfill my potential. And that brings
me now to the subject of the individual’s own prejudices.
The title of this collection comes from a prevailing interest in bias. Every manner of
choice is colored to some degree with bias and that makes the phenomenon of bias
something of fundamental importance. But an investigation into bias receives no
special protection from the effects of bias on account of this; bias still has to be
conscientiously rooted out wherever selection takes place. Bias is everywhere.
Even in the introductions to poetry collections.
ABOVE LEVIATHAN
A bust of Shakespeare
On the dander-strewn mantle
Hides the bard’s lost body;
Porcelain bones, buried long ago,
Broken along
Uncommon fault lines
All while an unseen winter sun hangs
Crucified in its solstice
Worst of all,
The minutes somehow
Still feel precious
AUTUMN HAIKU
Towering crane –
Its shadow turning
Like a clock hand
My elbow –
Two flies briefly
Mating there
Spider silk –
Its last strands
Clinging to a stone bridge
Piled gold –
Yellow leaves
Gleaming in the sun
A romance of shadows
Formed like the branches of a tree
And silhouetted
Against the
Riddle of unclothed
Midnight
In gaps of substance,
Something more substantial
BLONDE MONA LISA
And stare
Out the window
CHAOS OPULENT
Beyond phenomenon,
Where the bonds of common thoughts
Rot away and the
Fraying knots betray
The ancient plots of dim forefathers
Treacherously eager
To dominate the coming minds
Of so many
Unnamed generations
I study cosmology
Naively
Allowed
My existence
EVENING AT THE OLD MASONIC GRAVEYARD
In Loving Memory Of
BRAIDWOOD
JAMES ALEXANDER BURNS
1952 – 1959
EVERYTHING WHITE
I was a freed man, wayward it’s true, but striving all the same;
Living a life where I sought what’s right and dying to a lying shame
“dada”
da.
qa ap ab ap qa ap ab ap. .
da ab da qa da qa da ab da ab da qa da qa da ab. . .
da ab da ab da
qa ap qa ap qa
da ab da ab da
qa ap qa ap qa
da ab da ab da
In so on. . . .
They ha ha ha . . . ah ah ah They:
Weep in the pews in the hurt of their church
Spewing out the Luke worm
Book of axe be [cos] the weird was
With the farther in they’re forth Gauss pull
And the weird was
These farther hem self
One)
Ha Ha Ha
Try Ha
Might, maybe
Twins also –
Half before, half after
KIND
meanwhile
trickery
without love
MATISSE
what?
Yeah,
Asleep in sunlight;
A heart safe from troubles,
Thoughts floating
In an impeccable quiet
by his hand
wrote holy augustine
most of us wailing
while sloshed
in our own excrement
each person an
offering
of filth
no less
the messiah
half god or not him too
wrapped
in placenta
slimy dripping
or is our fetish of
the earthly
a treasure stored in
heaven?
well?
in the
vomit and shit
and yes
piss
essential to
human
being
Life is intended to be
A living experience;
Supposedly you live day after day until
One day you’re dead
Worse almost
Framed: in reality
A realty of his mind, feelings
Mankind demands
The rewind, felt felled
Falling into
Appalling detail
Exhibited in specification
And and
And memory?
Memory is repetition, memory is
The repeating that memory
Is, that it is, that is
If what we remember retains
Its membership
In reality
An architecture repeated
A memorial, a memory and
The dead artists
Who are their work are still living on;
Are surviving somehow
In our half human, half inhuman
Humanity
sIGH
th is sin,
th is nigh t
it‘s it,
i s n ‘ t i t?
s i g n s
this sh in in g
in sigh t
SĒMANTIKÓS
Obliterating night,
Onward into
Onyx darkness, a parceled
Orpheus
SPRING HAIKU
Pooling gutters –
Silver rings vanishing
In black water
A snake striking –
The feeling like a hiss
Before lightning
Pink umbrella –
Upturned in dandelions
At the vacant lot
Decaying petals
Piling up at the root –
Magnolia trees
Cherry blossoms –
Swirling from their branches
Directly towards me
SUMMER HAIKU
Garden stroll –
A host of raspberries
Turn to blackberries
Park fountain –
I wait my turn while
The wild bee drinks her fill
Bus window –
Keeping pace on the road,
A crow’s shadow
Dripping leaves –
Green sunshine twining
The tree’s branches
I. Returning
II. Departing
Humanity drips like a poison on the earth, the slow horror of its
Being extinguishing the benign lives of
Innocent vermin, turning rodents and insects to
Dust
Humanity the
Many-tentacled-monstrosity, until recently unapologetic
About the destruction it thrives on
Although, today, some apathetic semblance
Of sorrow is offered
For all the carnage we cause
Like bricks
In the metaphysics of our civilization, the corpses are
Stacked up one by one, in a towering wall
Enclosing the future in the prison of cruel disaster
And it is
A wonderful monument
To ourselves, the centrepiece of a cemetery world
TM
A perpetual
Ownership over our economy
TO LIFE AGAIN
She
Engulfs all the cities of the earth
In bleak crepuscular wings
And rows
Of
Luminous wolf tits
Rounding up the many stars,
Igniting these
Serpentine hearts for
Her, starving
Suitors
But this is not love
But power
Beyond
Any specimen of
Devotion
Good lard
And
There in the dirt, the corpse
You, a tumult of flies
Buzzing
These rising in
Dizzying forms arcane
Slaughtered kin,
This some mangled wisdom taken from
The emblematic lamb
Yes, I used to
Enjoy the taste of meat
Ruthless greed
A hypocrite whose
Hypocrisy is
Moving in the right direction
WHITE
Everything beyond
The hieroglyphics of a scribe;
Each carved symbol
Being nothing
But a diminution in the
Meaning of
Uncorrupted stone
Maybe the day’s light is gleaming off the fruit and maybe a mist is hanging in the
vineyard
But that doesn’t matter
Beauty is meaningless
Some people want to crush beauty
Others to gaze on it without tasting
What of either?
Waters that crawl down entire mountains are trapped, imprisoned in little ponds
Still the sun frees them
1. Re: Braque
The opening stanza of this poem represents something antithetical to the aesthetic
values which guided all of my previous poetry. This kind of repetition, especially of
the definite article, goes against my predominantly neoclassical sympathies. It has
an aspect of careless disorder and abstruseness to it that I associate with the
writings of Stein, Samuel Beckett’s poems, and Finnegan’s Wake. Again, I have a
strong preference for precision and craftsmanship in poetry but in writing this
poem I found a deeper manner of expressing that appetite through cubism.
What’s interesting about cubism is its unique success in synthesizing the rational
and irrational. If rationality and irrationality are stretched into a continuum, cubism
seems to land exactly dead center on this. Because the techniques of cubism are
very meticulous and logical, but through its deconstructive approach it manages to
freeze the forces of chaos in its own displays. Cubism is like a photograph of an
object milliseconds after it’s been exploded; an artifact preserving some semblance
of form while simultaneously shattering it.
More thought than what might be first apparent went into the opening stanza here.
The triple sequence of “the” is an ontological reduction of the three referents, the
two men and the “man mankind” to their barest significance. The two men in this
case, what is more clearly alluded to later, are George Braque and Pablo Picasso,
who jointly invented cubism and whose work from that time period is often
indistinguishable from one another; (Them) cubism, (Them) the innovators. Later
Pissarro gets a brief mention because I have a special fondness for his work and, if
you bring up his name in certain company, people are liable to think that you’re
merely mispronouncing Picasso’s name (Manet of course is also a casualty of this)
Likewise, the stanza that begins “Art though” is primarily an ornamental allusion to
Matisse’s “La Danse” but in this case it also serves figuratively as an illustration of
creativity’s tendency to outgrow its own confines; which of course is exactly what
that whole era in art was about. So while this is a poem specifically concerned with
cubism, the animus for cubism was the same animus that fueled expressionism,
fauvism, Dadaism, surrealism, etc. In fact, you can trace the buildup of the forces
eroding aesthetic rationalism to the anti-art sentiments of Duchamp and their
incarnation in ready-mades.
As for the ending of the poem, this is a correlation of cubism’s internal tensions
with the fundamental tensions of human nature. The idea of humanity as half
divine and half beast is common enough to hardly be worth mentioning but what
isn’t necessarily that widely appreciated is the fact that human being, in its most
basic definition, entails the very opposite of its nature; inhumanity. Humanity
without inhumanity is practically inconceivable and this cleft finds a parallel
representation in some many cubist figures where the human being is depicted in
a divided fashion (Even the most serene and angelic person still has some duality
to their nature; Picasso’s “La Reve” being an excellent example of this)
2. Above Leviathan
Within the first stanza, any reader who has some familiarity with the work of
Thomas Hobbes should grasp that the theme of this poem is political philosophy.
The title pretty much gives the whole thing away. What is above power? Or, to put
it another way, power in its apotheosis transcends itself; it grows beyond power.
To add some clarity to the last stanza though, my inspiration here was the enormity
of astronomical cycles and, in the sense used here, strides refer to the pendulum
swing between the apoapsis and periapsis of a star’s orbit around its primary body
(The gravitational centre it circles independent of the Earth’s motion) The main
idea here being that Time is the negation of all worldly power.
3. Going to War
The opening imagery is taken from the streets of downtown New York immediately
after 9/11. Tennyson’s famous line about nature is then modulated in the portrayal
of a hybrid incarnation of this same violence; one that is as sophisticated as it is
brutal. Because sophistication is the highest form of brutality. Only through
advanced culture and technology can true oppression be fully unleashed; and it’s
not just camouflage either. The predatory instinct is grounded in its own sense of
natural hierarchy, the prey and the hunter, so it will inevitably have an aristocratic
outlook. But of course the carnivore deludes themselves by inferring a superiority
from its diet since, by the measures of their own esteeming of violence, sociable
predators dominate isolated ones and, as such, only through the pragmatic
suppression of their own violent appetites.
The closing stanza likewise draws a connection between the predatory and the
militant religious. The identification of ordinary people (The “us”) with fish is
deliberate since the expressionlessness of the fish that swim in large schools and
who appear indistinguishable from one another mirrors the essence of blind belief
perfectly. Meanwhile the ocean here symbolizes the dissolving of the self that is
shared by both fanatical orthodoxy and biological death.
4. Chaos Opulent
Lines two and three of this poem are my favorites since they effectively combine
three distinctly heterogeneous elements (Sex, leaves, thumbs) into an elegantly
amalgamated whole. It’s a uniting of metaphysical conceits with a potent rhythm;
a meeting between John Donne and Langston Hughes.
5. Albion
I get a lot of my books for free: either in borrowed-form from libraries or as
captured plunder taken from community book alcoves. Of course I still enjoy
visiting old book shops and fortunately there’s quite a few good ones in my area.
I’ve noticed over the years though that people who sell books often seem to be of
a certain type; knowledgeable of course but equally irascible. I imagine this is
because selling books is a financially arduous business and senior book sellers in
particular seem rather worn down by years of strenuous budgeting while
simultaneously having to deal with the boundless depths of stupidity their clientele
provides. The idea that readers are universally intelligent people is just gross self-
flattery and if the dumbest question I’ve ever heard wasn’t in a bookstore, the ones
I have heard there at least deserve an honorable mention.
Despite all this, and beyond the rough exterior that some of them might present,
I’ve found that booksellers (Or bookstore owners at least) are almost always
genuinely passionate about promoting quality literature and giving literary advice
to their customers. They are a species of soldier fighting the good fight. Admirable,
if nothing else, for their sheer resilience. So, while the bookseller depicted in this
poem is not based on any real person, he is definitely inspired by real people and
the comedic heroism presented here is more genuinely heroic than mock heroic
(While also having a tragic hue to it) Someone more like Cervantes than Falstaff
then. Also, “Between inferno and new life, adversity” is a reference to Dante and
the quoted part in the last stanza is a reference to Blake (Who likewise wrote about
Albion as a paradisiacal ideal)
6. Xu Wei’s Grapes
What immediately impressed me during my first view of Xu Wei’s paintings was the
extraordinary deftness in the tonality of the lighting he depicted and the apparent
ease with which he conveyed naturalistic imagery; the latter of these, considering
his minimalistic execution and bold errorless application, is astounding.
I haven’t made the effort to read much about him but, at first glance, he reminds
me of William Blake in unorthodoxy and precarious existence, both physically and
spiritually. They also seem to share a commonality in that both served in a kind of
transitional role during their own artistic eras; Blake almost singlehandedly opening
the gates of the collective unconscious for the west, and Xu injecting a dose of bold
individuality into a largely conventionalist, almost ritualistic, Chinese painting
tradition. Both also had a reputation for madness but in this they seem to differ
quite a bit; Blake being in person a mostly benign mystic and Xu, closer in his
personality to William S. Burroughs, a truly violence riddled man.
Regarding the closing line of the poem: this is an ironic reference to the number
nine having positive connotations in Chinese numerology (Although phenomena
like the nine familial exterminations indicates some duality here) It’s relevance to
Xu Wei is that after his patron suffered a political downfall, Xu attempted suicide
nine times in a variety of unusually grisly ways.
7. Isolating
I’ve written a couple poems now that dealt with the present pandemic but none
more personal than this one. Having gotten sick from the virus myself just before
writing it, I tried to express the sense of deterioration I experienced. Not only in my
physical being but furthermore in the feelings of disconnection and dislocation that
ensued. Something anyone who’s ever gotten really sick has no doubt noticed is
one’s own faded grasp on time; the way consciousness loses its integrity and things
dissolve into fragmentary episodes. Even the quasi-non-sequiturial culmination at
the end exemplifies the manner in which clarity itself frays apart.
Elsewhere I’ve acknowledged the fact that I like to end poems with “distinctive
emphases.” To really punctuate them, so to speak (Sometimes with exclamation
marks, sometimes with question marks, etc) In this poem though, and in others also
recent, I’ve been experimenting with the ambiguous and elusive ending. “Art and
worship in radius” is a challenging phrase and is likely to meet criticism of the sort
that was initially levelled against Eliot’s “Like a patient etherized upon a table”
where, I remember one critic specifically, complaining about the lack of meaningful
correlation. As if poetry wasn’t capable of uniting the formally heterogeneous at a
deeper strata of meaning! The idea of art and worship in radius though isn’t as
illogical as it might first sound; if the sweep of a radius is understood as a kind of
circumscribed domain, then recognizing that two things belong to one radius is
simply an appreciation of the fact that, regardless of their differences, they partake
of a common sphere. In short, their habitation in the same realm, besides also the
same universe, is itself a fundamental union between them.
9. M a t i s s e
Fauvism was an epithet that, like several other derogatory names invented by art
critics, its targets gladly embraced. Matisse was initially a member of the briefly
lived movement of fauvists and while, like any first-rate artist, he quickly outgrew
this one style, the wild colors that are characteristic of the movement remained a
permanent element in his repertoire. So this poem plays with idea of Matisse being
a “beastly” painter and the increasingly “uncivilized” tenor of the period.
11. IX XI
This is a poem about the aftermath of the events of September 11th, 2001. You
don’t have to be especially insightful to predict that these attacks will continue to
represent an epochal divide for the history of the west. Those who experienced it
directly during the prime years of life had to split their lives accordingly into the
time before and the time after. The tragedy by itself was certainly traumatizing but,
even more so, it seemed to kick off a new era of increasingly adversarial politics in
America; not only was the traditional conflict there between the ruling class and
the masses represented in things like the odious USA PATRIOT Act and the vague
color-coded terrorist threat levels bandied in the news, but the animosity across
the political spectrum also began a period of heightened polarization. Not simply
between the right and left either but between the mainstream and the alternative
too. In the last few years this has become especially notable with the difference in
worldviews that’s proliferated; in the gulf separating the narratives of a corporate
globalized media and a conspiratorial opposition.
It shouldn’t come as a surprise to anyone who’s read my work but I might as well
admit that I regard politics, and specifically as scale and stakes increase, as a mainly
conspiratorial enterprise. Those who crave power at other’s expense, which is to
say those who crave power in any significant measure, can only maximize this by
organizing in secrecy and deliberately disguising their own motives. And episodes
like the 2008 financial crisis solidly confirm as much. Perhaps it would come as a
surprise though if I added that the truth behind the events of 9/11 isn’t something
I regard as especially important to me. Not because I doubt the US government’s
proclivities for evil but because previous actions, like the bombings of Laos and
Cambodia, already reached the apex of possible immorality.
One thing I’ve noticed just recently however is that the debates between opposing
views are often undertaken in diverging arenas of information. For example, you
can find plenty of popular videos and posts online debunking the idea that “Jet fuel
can’t melt steel beams” and those who do so correctly point out that reducing steel
to a molten state isn’t required to cause structural collapse. It’s a strawman claim
however which they’re debunking. The point of the conspiracy critique here is
based on the fact that eye witnesses, including firefighters and other first
responders, have been recorded as saying that they observed molten steel while
on site at ground zero. So the debunker’s point is moot here and it’s only their
erroneous perception of the conspiracy claim, regardless of its actual merits or lack
thereof, that leads them to a false confidence in believing that they’ve proved said
claim to be wrong. Again, I have no personal investment in the debate here but I
think it’s noteworthy that public discourse is so completely broken now that huge
debates can occur in public with basic facts being neglected.
And what this is, quite simply, is a cultural divide that’s equally mirrored in the
symmetries and asymmetries of the falling of the twin towers themselves. Even the
roman numerals for 9/11 coincidentally displays this duplicitas.
The poet I’m writing about here meanwhile is someone who obtained wide renown
at the local and even national levels, but whose reputation isn’t commensurate
with their actual achievements. I’m somewhat bemused actually by the often
mediocre quality of the poetry that gets published in international anthologies and
literary magazines but my guess is that poetry, being largely unvalued in the English
speaking world, is dominated by relationships of patronage more than meritocracy.
Admittedly I display some antipathy here. But the objective appraisal of my own
work and that of other’s is something I’m genuinely passionate about. Poetry is a
deep art worthy of serious thought. Unclouded thought.
Although you do not have to pay for this book, the author’s intellectual property rights
remain fully protected by international Copyright law. You are licensed to use this
digital copy strictly for your personal enjoyment only. This edition must not be hosted
or redistributed on other websites without the author’s written permission nor offered
for sale in any form. If you paid for this book, or to gain access to it, we suggest you
demand a refund and report the transaction to the author.