MATIGO EXAMINATIONS BOARD

CHEMISTRY 2022
Paper 1
MARK SCHEME
Maximum:
SENIOR ONE
Question Description Scores
1(a) To avoid contamination 1
b(i) The spots on paper have to be above the solvent 1
(ii) The ethanol will dissolve a way the spots on the chromatograph paper 1
(c) Ethanol 1
2 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 4
25 25 25 41 46 46 45 44
3 Final burette reading = 18.1 4
Initial burete reading = 8.0
Volume of solution A = 10.1
4(a)(i) Melting 2
(ii) Solidifying
(b) Oxygen 1
(c) Ethanol 1
5 you can make it warm by making a fire place around a safe place near or inside 4
the house as heat can radiate and warm the house you can also make the house
warm by closing all doors and windows
you can make it cool by removing all the heat sources near the house, opening
windows and doors. Because the heat radiates into the house thus increasing
warmth
6(a) Melting A 1
Condensation B 1
(b) The particles in liquid aluminum have spaces between them therefore they can 2
 vibrate and move freely therefore they posses high kinetic energy unlike in solid
aluminium where particles lack spaces between them and cannot move freely.
Particles in solid aluminium have less kinetic energy.
7(a) A Compound is a substance that consists of two or more elements that are 1
chemically combined together

(b) Calcium carbonate 2

Sodium hydrogen carbonate
Sodium hydroxide
Water
(c) B 1
8(a) Space and has weight 2
(b) Iodine 2
Water cycle
Methanol
Dry ice

9(a) (i) B 1
(ii) Arrows are indicated at the bottom facing upwards on diagram B 1
(b) Effect 1
The test tube will burst
Explanation 1
The vapour that come out of the boiling fluid will cause an increase in the pressure
inside the covered test tube. This pressure will cause the bursting of the test tube
(Explanation is marked correct, if and only if the effect is correct)
10(a)(i) Chlorine 1
Its used to disinfect water
Its used as a bleaching a gent in detergents
(ii) Argon its used in bulbs 1
(iii) Nitrogen 1
Its used in mixing fertilizers
Its used in explosives
Its used in refrigerator in its liquid form
(iv) Oxygen 1
Its used during respiration in living organisms
It supports burning
11(a) Physical Chemical 10
Water boiling Car rusting
Sugar dissolving in tea Petrol burning
Food being digested Bleach cleaning a dirty cloth
Ice cream melting Beer fermenting
Wind blowing Milk turning sour
Sea water evaporating

(b) New substances are formed 10

The products are irreversible
It involves energy changes
Composition of the substance changes
12 (a) Pour the mixture in a sauce pan/ beaker light the heat source 04
Place the mixture on a heat source and boil up to 100
The liquid will all escape as vapour and the crystals of NaCl will remain in the
sauce pan beaker
b(i) Separative salt and sand
I will dissolve this mixture in water
The salt will dissolve in water but the sand will not
I will leave the mixture to settle so that sand settles at the bottom of the container
I will pour off the water and leave the sand in the container
I will evaporate to dryness the set the mixture of salt and water and remain with
salt in the evaporation dish. Water will escapes as vapour at 100
12b(ii) I would make sure I do not handle hot object with bare hands
I would make sure I use large containers to avoid accidents
(d) I would use magnetism
13(a)(i) 100 at 760mm of mercury

(ii) However the boiling point of sea water is 105

Since sea water contains impurities and is known as water, its boiling point is
slightly above that of pure water thus the recording is slightly above
(b) In A (Round bottomed)
(c) C
13(c) Fractionating column (in the second opening)
(d) Because the components of sea water have different boiling points
Sea water contains so many impurities such as dissolved salt molecules that need
to be crystallized out from the water and other material. Therefore salty water
cannot be simply filtered to get pure water thus distilled to remove salt molecules

14 (b) Chemistry is applied in agriculture to manufacture fertilizers Score 4 if the learner states 6- 8
Chemistry is used in manufacturing of pesticide and insecticides correct answers
Chemistry is applied in the paper industries to make manila, reams, books etc. Score 3 if the learner states 4- 5
Chemistry is used in mixing dyes in fashion industries correct answers
Chemistry is used in manufacture of soap and detergents Score 2 if the learner states 2- 3
Chemistry is used by pharmacologists to manufacture drugs correct answers
Chemistry is used in food processing industries to process food Score 1 if the learner states 1
Chemistry is in sewage treatment correct answer
Chemistry is used during manufacture of gases e.g. O2 ammonium on a large scale
Chemistry is used in petroleum refinery

This information can be presented on a chart as an advert as a letter etc.

14(a) In 2 5
The air outside the porous pot is less than the air inside the porous pot therefore
the rate of diffusion of air outside the porous pot is faster, this creates pressure in
the tube thus pushing the water to raise towards the open end

Diagram 3 5
The pressure of air outside the porous pot is less than that in the porous pot. This
pressure pushes the liquid in the tube to raise towards the porous pot