Name : Kunika Malhotra Roll no.

20201022

Understanding gender stereotypes using memes

Abstract
Gender stereotypes are the beliefs that individuals have about the attributes of males and females.
The substance of stereotypes changes throughout societies and after some time. These
assumptions are much of the time connected with the jobs that the genders satisfy in the way of
life. Youngsters use gender stereotypes to make surmisings about others at a youthful age. While
making decisions of others, kids and grown-ups will apply their gender stereotypic assumptions
to them. Considerably more than grown-ups, kids will depend on an individual's sex to make
decisions and they are less inclined to consider other applicable data about the individual than
grown-ups are.

The target of the current study was to investigate the impression of gender stereotypes among
male and females using memes.

The strategy for information collection utilized was qualitative technique which was done
through interview with where one male and female as members for the research conduction. A
survey was ready and 23 mems were displayed to the participants .

Introduction

Discrimination
Discrimination is the way of behaving or activities, normally pessimistic, towards an individual
or gathering, particularly based on sex/race/social class, and so on.
For example; In Western societies, while women are often discriminated against in the
workplace, men are often discriminated against in the home and family environments.
For instance after a divorce women receive primary custody of the children far more often than
men. Women on average earn less pay than men for doing the same job.

Stereotype a Stereotype is a fixed, over summed up conviction about a specific gathering or

class of individuals. By stereotyping , we induce that an individual has an entire scope of
attributes and capacities that we accept all individuals from that gathering have. For instance, a
"hells angels" biker dresses in leather.

Stereotypes create in similar way demeanor and biases create. Social learning and social
discernment, bunch standards and reference bunches assume a huge part in the advancement of
generalizations. Stereotypes is, accordingly, absolutely procured and is exclusively impact by
socio-social molding. Stereotypes are additionally founded on remours, stories, tales and here
and there genuine encounter has colossal added substance esteem in the arrangement and
improvement of generalizations.

Prejudice
Prejudice is a suspicion or an assessment on somebody just in view of that individual's
participation to a specific gathering. For instance, individuals can be prejudiced against another
person of an alternate nationality, orientation, or religion.

Assuming somebody is following up on their prejudices, they are pre-judging somebody before
they even have an opportunity to know them on a more profound level. This is a nonsensical
demeanor and outlook and one that does no decent for anybody included.

For instance, an individual could have a ton of assumptions about somebody who is Christian,
Muslim, or Jewish and will permit those decisions to influence the manner in which they view
and treat those individuals. The equivalent can be valid for individuals who are Black, White, or
Asian.

Common features of prejudice includes:

• Negative feelings
• Stereotyped beliefs
• A tendency to discriminate against members of a group

Mention any 4 causes of prejudice Stereotypes

As a rule, prejudices depend on endlessly generalizations (depend on prejudices).A stereotype is
an improved on supposition about a gathering in view of related involvements or convictions.

A gender stereotypes may be that main young ladies can wear dresses or just young men can play
with trucks. Instances of racial stereotypes incorporate "Individuals of color are great at bball,"
"White individuals can't move," or "Asians are great at math."

As per an article in Current Directions in Psychological Science, prejudice comes from

individuals who aren't happy with vagueness being inclined to make speculations about others.
These speculations decrease the equivocalness while additionally taking into consideration
speedier, frequently unsafe choices.
Categorizing
Psychologist Gordon Allport trusted that to figure out our general surroundings, arranging data
into mental categories' significant. "The human brain should think with the guide of
classifications," Allport made sense of in his book, "The Nature of Prejudice." "Once framed,
classes are the reason for typical prejudgment. We couldn't realistically keep away from this
interaction. Organized living relies on it."

Having the option to rapidly sort data permits us to associate and respond rapidly, yet it
additionally prompts botches. For instance, we will quite often limit the distinctions among
individuals inside specific gatherings and overstate the distinctions between groups. This is
alluded to as social categorization.

Prejudgements
In one classic experiment, participants were asked to judge the height of people shown in
photographs. They were told that for every woman of a particular height, there was a man of the
same height. Therefore, they were not to rely on the person's sex to determine the height.

Despite being offered a $50 cash prize for whoever made the most accurate judgments,
participants consistently rated the men as being a few inches taller than the women. Because of
their prejudgment that men are taller, the participants were unable to dismiss their existing
categorical beliefs and judge the heights accurately.

Outgroup Homogeneity Bias

People tend to view members of outside groups as being more homogenous than members of
their own group. This phenomenon is referred to as the outgroup homogeneity bias.
This perception that all members of an outgroup are alike holds whether the group is based on
race, nationality, religion, age, or another group affiliation.

Gender discrimination
Gender discrimination is inconsistent or disadvantageous treatment of an individual or group of
individuals based on gender. Sexual harassment is a form of illicit gender discrimination.

Gender discrimination can be treating an individual diversely based upon his/her gender in
academia or extracurricular activities, academic programs, discipline, class assignments given in
a classroom, class enrollment, physical education, grading, etc.
Gender discrimination keeps on being a massive issue of worry in India notwithstanding its
accomplishing high paces of monetary development lately. Customary male centric traditions
and standards have consigned ladies to an auxiliary status inside the family and working
environment.
Gender discrimination and it’s prevalence in World
Orientation disparity invades the world. In considering the elements of financial orientation
imbalance, ladies actually make not as much as men in the proper work area, are bound to reside
in destitution, are less inclined to take an interest in the conventional work area, and do a bigger
portion of work in the family area. The components of political orientation imbalance remember
ladies' lower portrayal for chose office and lower portrayal in political and corporate
arrangements. Social orientation imbalance has various aspects, some of which are less great for
men while others are less positive for ladies: men are more inclined to viciousness, detainment,
and handicap, while ladies are bound to be the casualties of abusive behavior at home and rape;
in certain nations men have lower instructive fulfillment than ladies, while the example is
switched in different nations. Segment orientation disparity incorporates the way that men carry
on with more limited lives on normal than do ladies (65 years for men, 69 years for ladies CIA
2010), however there is likewise worry that numerous ladies are never allowed the opportunity to
be conceived, and in the more youthful ages men presently dwarf ladies, by enormous numbers
in China and India specifically (with orientation proportions separately of 113 men and 117 men
for every hundred ladies in the under-15 age range-CIA 2010).
While a large number of the expenses of orientation disparity are eventually brought into the
world by specific people, they can likewise be determined at a general public, or even overall
level. On the off chance that people of various sexual orientations are not offered equivalent
chance to foster their true capacity, then social orders forego the expanded degree of result and at
last prosperity that would get from their higher efficiency. On the off chance that social orders
don't put similarly in teaching and preparing people, don't offer them equivalent chances to
participate in more useful types of work, and don't offer them equivalent chances to progress to
more useful situations over the long haul, then, at that point, the social orders don't saddle the
maximum capacity of their individuals.

Gender discrimination in India

Gender discrimination is reflected in India's low positioning on the World Economic
Gathering's Gender Gap Index (GGI), 2014, with scores less than ideal on boundaries
like instructive fulfillment, monetary interest and wellbeing and endurance. The main
causes of gender discrimination in india are:
• Poverty
In India of the total 30 percent people who are below poverty line, 70 percent are women.
Women’s poverty in India is directly related to the absence of economic opportunities and
autonomy, lack of access to economic resources including credit , land ownership and
inheritance, lack of access to education and support services and their minimal participation in
the decision making process. The situation of women on economic front is no better and men still
enjoy a larger share of the cake. Thus poverty stands at the root of gender discrimination in our
patriarchal society and this economic dependence on the male counterpart is itself a cause of
gender disparity.
 • Illiteracy :
Regardless of the outstanding endeavors by the nations all over the planet that have extended for
the essential training , there are around 960 million unskilled grown-ups of whom 66% are ladies
.Educational backwardness of the young ladies has been the resultant reason for orientation
segregation.

The incongruities become more apparent among male and female education rate, during 2001.
The education rates for guys expanded from 56% in 1981 to almost 76% in 2001. The comparing
change in female proficiency rate from 30 to 54%. All in all the downfall on orientation hole
topped in 1981 at 26.6% and was 21.7% in 2001 is less amazing. The highway variety in
education rate for guys was a lot of lower in contrast with females. At the state level female
proficiency rate shifts from 35% in Bihar to 88% in Kerala In states like Arunachal Pradesh,
Assam, Bihar, Jammu and Kashmir and Rajasthan, the female education rate is beneath half.

• Social Altitude:
Though many social activists and reformers carried their crusade against all social odds to restore
honour and dignity to women, attitudinal disparities still hunt our rural masses. Despite
pronounced social development and technological advancement, women in our society still
continue to be victims of exploitation, superstition, illiteracy and social atrocities.

The social stigma that women are housekeepers and should be confined to the four walls of the
house is perhaps a viable cause of gender disparity. They should not raise their voice regarding
their fortune for the sake of the prestige of the family. In patriarchal society a lot of weightage is
given to men.

Review of literature ( 6 studies)

ROL1
Sonalde Desai (1994) observed that parents reluctance to educate daughters has its roots in the
situation of women. Parents have several incentives for not educating their daughters. Foremost
is the view that education of girls brings no returns to parents and that their future roles, being
mainly reproductive and perhaps including agricultural labor, require no formal education.

ROL 2
Berta Esteve – Volart (2004) described that gender discrimination against women in the market
place reduces the available talent in an economy, which has negative economic consequences.
Gender discrimination takes many forms. Many social practices seen as normal from a religious
or cultural point of view (which may have deep historical roots) have women out of the
economic mainstream. These social practices may have profound economic consequences
because they do not allow society to take advantage of the talent inherent in women.
ROL 3
Dr. Raju V. Rengaraju Kalan, Dr.S.Vinay Kumar concluded in their study that Indiu must take
concrete steps wishes to reduce the gender inequality. As persistent gender inequalities continue,
there is want to rethink the concepts and strategies for selling ladies's dignity and rights. There is
want for new types of institutions, incorporating new norms and regulations that assist equal and
simply members of the family between women and men. Man and female are like two wheels of
a carriage. The lifestyles of one without the opposite is incomplete. The handiest idiot proof
technique to prevent gender inequality is to bring about change inside the thoughts sets of
humans. This hassle can't be solved through few however absolutely everyone ought to join
hands to eradicate this inequality.

ROL 4
Anna-Maria Lind (2006) stated that India’s population still leads traditional lives in rural areas.
Religious laws and traditions still determine the lives of many people, particularly women. Even
if women are formerly entitled to own land and resources social and religious factors make many
women refrain from this right in order not to cause distortions within the family. The preference
for having sons permeates all social classes in India, which sets the standard for girls throughout
their entire lives.

ROL 5
Singh Sumanjeet concluded in his study of gender inequality in india that a country like India has
a long way to go before it can call itself a gender neutral" country. However, no simple and
direct solutions are available to minimise gender inequality as gaps are rooted in norms and in
cultural and social practices and are further consolidated by poor infrastructure and service
delivery. Possibly, the change will come only with awareness, cultural fundamental restructuring,
mundset shifting and through widening access to public service delivery without discrimination
on a gender basis. No government, be it state or central, con by itself bring long lasting change,
Government authorities, the donor community, the private sector and civil society need to come
together to act to close the gender gap, and a system of accountability should be put in place to
record the aid they provide

ROL 6
Naznin Tabassum in his paper argues that there are progressive and radical shirts in the
management theories from Women in Management, Women and Management and Gender and
Management. The theoretical transition from Women in Management to Women and
Management did not change the practice of gender stereotyping in society. This paper provider
an in-depth conceptual analysis of the antecedents and consequences of gender stereotyping and
its theoretical transition. Further empirical research in a range of different cultural and
organizational contests would increase our understanding. The paper noted conceptual shifts in
the literature and the understanding of aspects of gender stereotypes. The progressive theoretical
shift in management literature did not change managerial practices based on gender stereotypes.
The critical review of existing literature reflects that individual factors, family factors,
sociocultural factors and organizational factors shape stereotyped thinking in human beings
thereby perpetuating gender discrimination and obstructing the career progressions of women in
organizations. Therefore, theories of management need to engage with critical social theories of
gender to understand the patriarchal social, economic, cultural, political and religious conditions
in which gender stereotypes are rooted.

Methodology

Participants
Two individuals, one male and one female were selected within the age group of 18 to 25 as
participants for the current research. The female participant which was selected for the interview
is 22 years old who is in her third year of undergraduate study. the male participant that was
selected is 21 years old and is in his second year of undergraduation.

Procedure
The goal of the flow research is to investigate view of gender discrimination among college
understudies, involving memes as a medium to examinations the gender discrimination and their
insights. The memes were made in view of common gender discrimination based separation
experienced by individuals in their everyday life. It was ensured that no image used any hostile
language or utilized any disparaging or corrupting expressions of any kind. With the end goal of
it were formed to take inquiries questions. Questions in light of the images were outlined in a
semi organized way to acquire most extreme nitty gritty data from the members. It was ensured
that no inquiry gave the members any heading to reply. Informed assent was taken from the
members chose for exploration and they were interviewed preceding the meeting
Because of the absence of accessibility interview was taken internet based mode through google
meet. The meeting was led on two members one male and one female old enough 22 and 21
separately. The female member and male member are at present doing undergradduate degree It
was ensured that the members were OK with the meetings it was directed to be recorded before
the meeting.
After the meeting was led the members were expressed gratitude toward for their Cooperation
and it was ensured that any tension that they encountered during the meeting was settled before
they left.
The data acquired from the meeting was then translated and dissected for codes and significant
topics. Furthermore, based on those subjects result was made and after that conversation was
examined.
Results
Table 1: Thematic table for male

Themes Subthemes Verbatim

Misconception Dim view general mentality of people
that women talks a lot about
useless topics

Misbelief Females are expected to be

well-behaved all the time.

Patriarchy Male dominance women should not work in

highly respected jobs because
they won’t be able to handle
it but it’s more about the male
ego that they don’t want
someone to come in the field
they dominate.

only women can do

Job label
household chores

False impression Wrong notion my relatives say that don’t cry

boys don’t cry its alone I was
just sad and was expressing
my feelings
Improvement Progress Although as compare to
earlier times it’s been
changing little by little ; new
generation is being more
attentive.

Spreading awareness change the thinking process

of society by spreading
awareness as much as
possible.

Table: 2: Thematic table for female

Themes Subthemes Verbatim

male chauvinist Biasness first slide is quite biased
towards men

undervalued women are not given

importance of their
achievements in today's
world.

Rigid mindset she should focus on the

label household work and not do
business as it is men’s job

women are always told that

False impression they're not good drivers

It's basically like from a

man's point of view all that
women do is like gossip
around, do shopping and do
nothing
Societal pressure Male privilege Men are chosen to be
promoted first. Like they are
given the priority to be
promoted and not women.
Misbelief Orthodox mentality that our
grandparents owned,
sometimes apparently to have
that like a daughter in law
should always be like.

Norms for women there are some kind of some

rules made fun of women that

women should like, say it
properly or behave in a
certain way they can cannot
like raise their voice
transformation Accepting we are in a family that really
open about these things and
we like we understand all
these things. So I haven’t
experienced all this.

We should stop it right there

and correct them like we
justify
should prove them wrong at
that point of time so that their
mindset to the extent they try
to say anything about it.

Discussion

Briefly mention about the gender stereotype and then state the objective
A gender stereotype is a broad belief or preconception about the features or characteristics that
women and men should or should not have, or the roles that women and men should or should
not do. When a gender stereotype hinders women's and men's ability to develop personal
abilities, pursue professional jobs, and/or make life decisions, it is damaging. Harmful
stereotypes maintain inequality, whether blatantly hostile (such as "women are illogical") or
deceptively innocuous ("women are nurturing"). The conventional notion of women as
caregivers, for example, means that child care tasks frequently fall solely on women.
Furthermore, when gender stereotypes are compounded and intersected with other stereotypes,
certain groups of women, such as women from minority or indigenous groups, women with
disabilities, women from lower caste groups or with lower economic status, migrant women, and
so on, suffer disproportionately negative consequences. Gender stereotyping is the practise of
assigning specific features, characteristics, or roles to an individual woman or man solely based
on her or his membership in a social group of women or men. When gender stereotyping leads to
a violation or violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms, it is illegal.

The current study's goal is to investigate undergraduate students' perceptions of gender

discrimination by using memes to assess popular misconceptions and their beliefs. The memes
were created in response to widespread gender stereotypes-based discrimination that people face
on a daily basis. It was made certain that no meme contained any foul language or used any
insulting or degrading phrases. To collect the most complete information from the participants,
questions based on the memes were posed in a semi organised fashion. It was made certain that
no question gave the participants any instructions on how to respond. The participants who were
chosen for the study gave their informed consent and were debriefed before the interview. The
interview was performed with two participants, one male and one female, ages 21 and 22, who
are both college students. Before the interview began, the participants were asked if they were
okay with the interviews being videotaped. The participants were praised for their cooperation
once the interview was completed, and any worry they had throughout the interview was
addressed before they departed. After that, the information from the interview was transcribed
and evaluated for codes and key themes.

Female table themes

Theme one : male chauvinist

Male chauvinism is the belief that men are superior to women, especially in the workplace. This
belief is unsubstantiated, i.e., there is no proven, compelling, or reliable evidence to support this
belief. A person who practices this belief is a male chauvinist. Male chauvinists typically
denigrate, disparage, and humiliate women in the workplace.

Male chauvinists commonly joke that a woman’s role is to clean and cook. If a woman is
excluded from business decisions in the workplace, it is usually due to male chauvinism.

The participant has quite experience of male chauvinism in her family so she is well aware about
this term.

Theme two : rigid mindset

A rigid mindset is described as a personality trait characterized by strong resistance to changing

one’s behavior, opinions, or attitudes or by the inability to do this. certain examples as stated by
the participant are : (women are always told that they're not good drivers) ; ( women are made
for household chores , etc)

Theme 3 : societal pressure

social pressure refers to the exertion of influence on a person or group by another person or
group. Like group pressure, social pressure includes rational argument and persuasion
(informational influence), calls for conformity (normative influence), and direct forms of
influence, such as demands, threats, or personal attacks on the one hand and promises of rewards
or social approval on the other (interpersonal influence). The participant is very well aware of
this societal pressure on woman as she stated that society expects from females to be humble,
content with whatever way people treat them and always smiling, thus women feel like this is
what they should always be, or at least seem to be, even if inside of them there’s an ocean of
tears or a volcano of anger.

Theme 4 : transformation
Here transformation represents the interviewee’s perspective about that the society in which the
change is definietly coming but at a slow pace. As stated in her interview; that her family is very
open-minded and hasn’t experienced anything major in her family. Whereas the participant is
also very optimistic about the change as she said that we should try to change the rigid mindset
whenever we encounter any gender stereotype

Male theme table

Theme one : misconception

A misconception is a conclusion that's wrong because it's based on faulty thinking or facts that
are wrong. There are some roles that have been assigned to males or females because of their
sex. This myth is used to perpetuate male-dominated leadership structures and it prevents women
from holding an equal share of power. Some common misconceptions examples are ; They all
are weaker than men ; They all are horrible drivers ; Only “Pink" is their first choice.

Theme two : patriarchy

Patriarchy is a system of relationships, beliefs, and values embedded in political, social, and
economic systems that structure gender inequality between men and women. Attributes seen as
“feminine” or pertaining to women are undervalued, while attributes regarded as “masculine” or
pertaining to men are privileged. While women are expected to cook, clean, nurture and sacrifice,
men are taught to be the main earners of the family, protectors of the wife and children, and
immune to emotions and vulnerabilities.

Theme three : illusion Theme four : improvement

Here improvement refers to the changes that are been made in the today’s world as compare to
previous time as stated by the interviewee. He said that people are becoming more aware about it
and by spreading more knowledge gender discrimination will surely decrease.

Limitation and future suggestion

One of the study's limitations is that the sample was chosen using convenience sampling, which
is a sort of non-probability sampling that includes drawing a sample from a portion of the
population that is close at hand rather than using the random sampling approach. Second, the
sample size was insufficient. Finally, because the researcher utilised the survey method, there is a
risk that the outcome is skewed due to the social desirability effect.

One of the future goals for this study is to expand the age group, as we only looked at people
between the ages of 18 and 25. Aside from that, there are a variety of models that can be created
to help minimise prejudice. There are several states where females outnumber males, so we
should investigate whether gender disparity occurs there.
Conclusion

References
• Myers, D., Sahajpal, P., & Behera, P. (2011). Social Psychology (Tenth Edition).
McGraw Hill Education.
• https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2277975220975513
• https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-gender-schema-theory-2795205
• Eagly, A. H., Wood, W., & Diekman, A. B. (2000). Social role theory of sex Differences
and similarities: A current appraisal. In T. Eckes & H. M. Trautner (Eds.), The
developmental social psychology of gender (pp. 123-174). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence
Erlbaum.

• Eagly , A. H., Wood, W., & Johannesen-Schmidt, M. C. (2004). Social role Theory of
sex differences and similarities: Implications for the partner Preferences of women and
men. In A. H. Eagly, A. E. Beall, & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The Psychology of Gender (2ª
ed., pp. 269-295). NewYork: Guilford.

• Fiske, S. T., & Stevens, L. E. (1993). What’s so special about sex? Gender Stereotyping
and discrimination. In S. Oskamp & M. Costanzo (Eds.), Gender issues in contemporary
society (pp. 173-196). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Appendices
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Female interview

Interviewer : Hello, Priya. How are you?

Interviewee : Hi, Kunika. I'm really good. What about you?
Interviewer: yes, Priya, I'm also good. How was your day?
Interviewee: my day was quite good. I went out today actually, so it was great.
Interviewer : Oh, nice. Where do you rent out today?
Interviewee : I just went out with my College friends today and we were all stressing out on how
to study and pass our exams.

Interviewer:Priya, which course are you pursuing right now?

Interviewee : I am pursuing Beyonders in psychology.
Interviewer : Okay. And in which College?
Interviewee : I'm in Camden.edu.
Interviewer : Okay, nice. So Priya, if you are comfortable, can I know your views on gender
discrimination using some kind of memes?
Interviewee : Yes, sure. Go ahead.
Interviewer : Okay, Priya. So here's the first slide. Can you just describe your views related to
this?
Interviewee : Yeah, sure. Actually this first slide is quite biased towards men. And I really think
that I have heard this one, that Megan Markel was introduced as the wife of Prince Harry. And
that is really wrong because women are not given importance of their achievements in today's
world.

Interviewer :Yeah, so true. Priya, can you elaborate a bit more? Like what do you actually
understand from this mean?
Interviewee : Yeah, sure. Actually we have kind of accepted very easily that we are labeled as
someone's mother or we are someone's wife. We are never given the label of what we actually
do. And that I have seen a lot around me as well, that we are not given the credit for our
achievements, for what we achieve. It's not like women don't achieve anything.
Interviewer :Please share if you have ever experienced anything similar to this context.
Interviewee : Yes, sure. I have. Basically in one of my relatives, my relative of mine started her
own company of beauty products and she was really like she was told by everyone in her family
to not do that and focus on her life family and focus on her husband. And this is not what she
should do. Basically, she should focus on the household work and not do business as it is men’s
job
Interviewer: Yes. I also believe that it's very long. Okay. Because if I'm moving on second slide,
what do you understand by this?
Interviewee : What I can see is that something that is very common around us, that is women are
always told that they're not good drivers, no matter how good they drive.
Interviewer: These names are relatable to you, do you think?
Interviewee : Yes, of course they are. I have even experienced with my own self that I drive
myself and I am always told to drive very carefully and not drive at night, whereas my brother
who drives, he drives very fast and he has never been told anything regarding that and by many
people around me also they think I'm a bad driver just because I'm a women.
Interviewer: okay. So here's the third slide. Can you please describe your views on this?
Interviewee : Sure. Yeah. It's basically like all of the men think that we women are. Just think
about like shopping and makeup and like marriage and babies. But that's not actually true. We
have a lot to achieve in our life and we are actually chasing our dreams rather than doing all
these things.
Interviewer : Can you please elaborate a bit more?
Interviewee : Yeah, sure. It's basically like from a man's point of view all that women do is like
gossip around, do shopping and do nothing. Basically. But that's not true.
Interviewee: And doing all these things is something that women like. But it's not like they do
this all the time. They have so much to achieve. We do so many things and not something that is
like we do same as the men do not something less than that. It's just we are criticized for it.
Interviewer : Yes, very true. Okay, I'm moving on to the quote slide. Can you please describe
your views on this name?
Interviewee : Yeah. So what I can see is basically a picture of a woman that is actually a doctor
and being like, is this a nurse? And that is totally like it is very disappointing to see that because
like a woman is just not a nurse. Like we just see a women and we are like a woman cannot be a
doctor. It's just a nurse. And that's so disappointing to see.
Interviewer : Priya, can you please elaborate a bit more?
Interviewee : Yeah, sure. The second name tells that women cannot be seen as doctors,
scientists, or leaders. They can be only seen as nurses, caretakers, and assistants. And that is
absolutely wrong. But at the same time, it is right in our society. This happens a lot. And we
always think that women are made for jobs like these, only like being nurses or assistants and
they cannot be at a higher profile. But it is not true at all. Today women are receiving everything,
like touching all the higher points.
Interviewer : Please share if you have ever experienced anything similar to this context.
Interviewee : I haven't experienced personally, but I have seen this all around me. Like, I have
seen this everywhere I go that women are never like they're always given like less pay in jobs
and they are even not promoted. Men are chosen to be promoted first. Like they are given the
priority to be promoted and not women. So, yeah, that I have seen in my life.
Interviewer: Yes, very true. Okay, moving on to the fifth slide. Priya, please share your views.
Like, what do you understand by reading this?
Interviewee : Okay. This basically says that if a man does a household call, then he's supposed
to be a woman. Basically, this is all just women things like being clean, doing skin care, like
doing the household chores. It's all like women thing. This is what is shown in this one.
Interviewer : Okay. So can you please elaborate a bit more? Like, have you ever seen this thing
in real?
Interviewee : Yes. It's like everywhere, even with our friends. If someone has a hobby of doing
makeup, if he's a guy and he has a hobby of makeup or doing skincare or something like that. So
he's always portrayed like, are you a women that you do all these things today? Lgbtq is so
common around us, but we still label it as like men are not supposed to do this or do that because
I don't think washing utensils, washing clothes is something to be labeled for women. It's
basically something to be independent on everyone should be this independent that they should
know how to do all the households, be it a man or women.
Interviewer : Okay, moving on to the next slide. What are your views on this?
Interviewee : It basically says that women are burning when they're on their period, but it's not
true how it is shown. Basically it's not something to be very nice to be experienced upon like
periods is something that we have to it's a kind of a process of suffering. Like we experience a lot
of pain and it's not something to be joked about. Basically it's something that we should be proud
of that we are able to experience this and we're still standing, we are still working on those times.
Women are parents are not even allowed to go into the kitchens or the temples or something like
that. And that is very wrong what I think because it is something very natural and it is something
we have been spent around us and I think that our society has grown on this a little bit, but it's
still a hard
Interviewer : They got can you share your experience when you have experience? If you are
comfortable?
Interviewee: Oh yes. Oh sure. Like basically whenever doberman like shouts or tantrums
regarding anything and the response from the other side usually comes at you on your feet. Is this
b b, ms? So that’s really, really not like good to hear that we can only be irritated when we grow
up or something like that or the relation between those two. And looks like we are always told
not to talk about it. Unlike with anyone else, it’s something to be hidden upon And stuff like that.
Interviewer: Yes, very true political. OK, moving on to the next slide, can you be sharing views
related to this?
Interviewee: This one is totally true winner Indian mentality like the Orthodox mentality that
our grandparents owned, sometimes apparently to have that like a daughter in law should always
be like. How like they expect so much from the old daughter-in-law, like so much that it should
not be this way. And she’s also a woman like coming from her own family and she’s not coming
to the house to work, basically. They think that they have appointed a maid kind of thing. Let me
this coming to the house, you should do all the household calls and stuff like that, and that is
really bad. Whereas though, like the groom is like expecting nothing. He’s just supposed to sit
and just do nothing. It’s a big favor that he even married that good.
Interviewer: Priyal, please show if you ever experienced anything similar to this,

Interviewee: I haven’t experienced anything similar to this like in my own house or Naomi,
because we are in a family that really open about these things and we like we understand all
these things. So I haven’t experienced all this.
Interviewer : OK, so moving on to the next line? You can see there are actually images. So can
you describe your views on this one, Marvelyn?
Interviewee: Yeah, sure. The first images basically say that the boys are supposed to sit in
everything that is Lake in Abuja, while everything that is good happening and women are not
given that opportunity like that. That is so sad to hear. And there are so many things that. Like,
like even in our own family, our brothers do for most things that we are not able to, basically for
them, it’s okay. Bingo guy. And for us, being a women, it is not OK, like I have experienced so
much in my own house. And do not hold me basically is really, really true, like I haven’t
experienced it myself, but I have heard from many of my friends that, like they are expected to
like head their mother in the household, goes in like in their everyday life.
Interviewer: Can you please share your experience, any personal experience you have?
Interviewee: Yes, or I like even all the puja that happens in our home. My brother is the one who
said, like in any inaugurations or anything that is like any puja, my brother or my father, it’s like
neither my mother nor me. So that is really true in the moment. It’s really, really relatable. And
the second meme is also very true because I think there are some things that like being out at
night and not allowed that, but at the same time, there is no restrictions for my brother.
Interviewer: Yes. I also find it kind of disheartening. OK, so moving on to the next slide. Why
do you understand from this?

Interviewee : I think that it’s basically something that there are some kind of some rules made
fun of women that women should like, say it properly or behave in a certain way they can cannot
like raise their voice and something like that, like something that they should be like. There are
those of the men and they cannot speak loudly to anybody, and they should be said very decently
like that. And if they speak about these things that are not being treated equally, then it’s like
that. It’s not right that they’re speaking on this. A women should not speak on this. This is
basically what is stored.
Interviewer: Yes, very true. So do you have. Ever experience anything related to this?
Interviewee: Oh, yes, basically, we in our schools also like it is, it was like we were told to wear
a certain length of school. We were not told to like a short skirt means even our teachers used to
say that shorter skirts. What are you trying to show? Short skirts? And since the school,
basically, we didn’t even know what we were being told upon and since the school that we were
like Soledad. And there was very, very, very sad to hear.

Interviewer: It’s very true. OK, I’m moving on to the next line. You describe your views this.

Interviewee : it basically says that men don’t cry, and only crying is something that is labeled to
women. Men cannot open their feelings. If men cry, then it’s not something I should do. Nick,
are you into the lives of women? Why are you crying? So this I have seen I don’t milord.
Interviewer: Can you please elaborate a bit more on this?

Interviewee : yeah, sure. It’s basically like boys are also like. They should they can also cry like
it’s a normal natural emotion that comes out of your play comes out of like what you feel and not
by your gender. And it’s very important to like, bring your feelings like to cry, to bring that all
out. It is not something to be labeled for men and women like I know, like men do cry, but they
do not cry in front of everyone because they believe all those women. And it’s it’s really OK for
men to cry, I don’t think it's a rea’ly big of an issue that it ’s made up one.
Interviewer: OK. Moving on to the last light. Can you please? Share your views on this.
Interviewee : Yeah, it’s basically like when women say no to any proposal, so it’s like they have
like, is this playing hard to get like it’s it’s all about feeling that it’s not helping them make
something that is gender biased. It’s all about feelings, even like men could say no to a proposal.
And that’s completely not.

Interviewer: Can you share like if you’ve ever experienced similar to this?
Interviewee: Yeah, basically, like I don’t let me and my friends when it like they used to get a
proposal from someone and they used to reject it. So they were the they were being criticized the
point that LexSh, what does she think she is that she’s rejecting a proposal or does she think she
is? But if you say this and it’s fucking well, if she’s if she says no, then it’s like that. Who tells
you that you think that she can say no? Yes, totally about feelings, even if it’s a men or women.
Interviewer: Yes, very true. Priyal after seeing all the slides, do you think these names are
relatable to you? And why not?

Interviewee: Oh yes, absolutely. Some of them are really relatable to me, like the one they’re
like. Like, my brother is given certain like like I have been restricting upon some things, but my
brother is allowed to do all those things and the expectation that happens from your daughter in
law that she should be fair, you should do all the household chores like that, like these mean very
little late. I see this around me all the time.

Interviewer: Do you think gender discrimination is still prevalent in today’s society?

Interviewee: Yes, absolutely. It’s everywhere. Like, even if I see among the things that we are
really our new generation and we are really acceptable to this, but still, there are very, very like a
huge amount of people that discriminate among the gender and that think may not be able to
certain things and women will do certain things like women cannot do the thing that men can,
and they’re still shown like. This many things that we minimized upon.
Interviewer: Could you suggest any way to decrease it?
Interviewee: I think that we should do like all around us whenever, wherever we see that we see
any discrimination happening. We should stop it right there and correct them like we should
prove them wrong at that point of time so that their mindset to the extent they try to say anything
about it.
Interviewer: Okay, great. Anything else you want to share with me?
Interviewee: Oh, I really think that it was a very good experience to see all these means. And I
think you mean those were really relatable to me, and I really enjoyed this. I had a good time.
Interviewer: Thank you so much political for participating in this interview. We are glad to have
you as a participant. Looking forward for another cooperation? Thank you.

Male interview
Interviewer : Hello, Vishwaas. How are you?
Interviewee : Hi, Kunika. I'm really good. What about you?
Interviewer: yes, Vishwaas I'm also good. How was your day?
It was a normal day as usual. Nothing much happened.
Vishwaas which course are you currently pursuing?
I am currently doing bcom hons and I am in second year.
Vishwaas if you are comfortable can I ask some questions regarding gender stereotypes using
some memes?
Yes sure
: Okay, here is the first slide. what do you understand by this ?
This meme is trying to say that it’s wrong introducing women by husbands identity everyone
deserves to be known by their own identity.
I don’t think it’s true, Megan has a own identity I remember her from suits and I think many of
us remember her from there only, she might have been introduced as wife of Prince Harry
sometimes, but it’s true now she is it’s a part of identity but mostly we know her because of her
own achievements.
: Here’s the next slide. Pls describe your views regarding it.
Yes. This means shows the general mentality of people that women talks a lot about useless
topics which is not actually true. There are more social as compare to men.
: okay what do you understand by this slide?
This is showing that women should not work in highly respected jobs because they won’t be able
to handle it but it’s more about the male ego that they don’t want someone to come in the field
they dominate.
: yes very true; can you pls share your views on this slide?
This meme is showing that only women can do household chores and do make up which is
wrong perception I think household chores can be performed by anyone and hygiene is a very
basic thing for both males and females.. they should not feel anything wrong about it.
: Vishwaas here’s the next slide. Pls elaborate what do you understand by this.
It’s about general social principles that daughter-in-law should adopt in in laws environment but
it’s not as everyone has their own identity. It shouldn’t be change because you become a part of
another family. Brides also come from the home and adjust with your in-laws but this doesn’t
mean that they ask for changes in in-laws and in-laws shouldn’t pressure their daughter in laws.
: Yes very true. Here’s the next slide. Pls share your views on it
This name is telling about how society and parent sometimes discriminates that girl child should
perform all this household duties as they’re expected to become how’s life only which is a wrong
perception, women are doing wonders in every field now.
: here’s the next slide.
Females are expected to be well-behaved all the times as they have to go on a different family so
image of a girl should be of a well-behaved girl which will obey social customs.

:have you ever experienced anything similar to this context

Yes in a way I have experienced this on my result day I was not happy with my schools so I cried
but my relatives say that don’t cry boys don’t cry its alone I was just sad and was expressing my
feelings it’s wrong perception that men should be stronger and use these names are relatable for
the live in any society and is very common that Indian parents pass these comments
: do you think gender discrimination is still prevalent in today’s society? Could you please
suggest any way to decrease it.
Yes it’s still not in just rural areas but also in urban areas. Although as compare to earlier times
it’s been changing little by little ; new generation is being more attentive.
I think there’s only one way to reduce discrimination it is to change the thinking process of
society by spreading awareness as much as possible.
Interviewer: Okay, great. Anything else you want to share with me?
Interviewee: Oh, I really think that it was a very good experience to see all these means. And I
think those were really relatable in today’s society , and I really enjoyed this. I had a good time.
Interviewer: Thank you so much for participating in this interview. We are glad to have you as a
participant. Looking forward for future cooperation, Thank you.