More Optimization

Find the point on the line y − 2x = 1 which is closest to (2, 1)

A rope is attached to the top of a 12 foot pole, runs down to the ground, and then back
up to the top of an 8 foot pole which is 5 feet away. What is the shortest length of rope
required for this setup?
You live 12 miles upstream and 4 miles across the river from a friend you want to visit. If
you can boat at 3mph and run at 5mph, what is the shortest amount of time it can take you
to get from your house to your friend’s?
A large lake is in the shape of a perfect circle with diameter 2 miles. You wish to get from
one side to the exact opposite in the shortest amount of time. If you can boat at 4 mph and
run at 2 mph, how much time should you plan for your journey?