Learning Guide 6

Conversation Techniques
Small-Group Communication, Public
Communication, Mediated Communication, and
Video Conferencing
 Introduction
This module can introduce you to fresh
concepts that you can evaluate utilizing some
conversation techniques. Small-group
conversation is a method for fostering mutual
understanding and has emotional, intellectual,
and social benefits. Finding the elements,
structures, and types of public and mediated
communication that can be helpful during this
phenomenon is another key goal of this module.
Learning Outcomes
COMPARE small-group discussion, public, and
mediated communication;
DETERMINE the components, structures and
kinds of public and mediated communication;
CATEGORIZE the types and characteristics of
small-group discussion; and
DEMONSTRATE effective interpersonal
communication skills and strategies that foster
improved relationships with other individuals
in dyads or small groups.
 Small-Group
Lesson Communication
Small-Group Communication is an
interaction of five or more people who
work together to achieve their common
goal.
 Kinds of Small Group
(Braker & Grant)
Purpose

Participation

Seating-Arrangement

Communication Patterns
According to Purpose
1. Each member is supported by the primary or psyche
group. They each have their own methods for
problem-solving, producing, setting norms, exchanging
information, having fun, creating institutions, and even
ensuring the safety of one another.
2. Discussion Group functions as a clearing house
where members are required to speak out for the
enlightenment of the members in finding a solution to
the problem. It's elements are:
Face-to-face encounter. exchange of ideas occurs
right here and now, making feedback and
evaluation easy and prompt (e.g., committee
meetings, seminars, workshops, and others).
Leadership. One out of two members assume the
role of a leader.
Common purpose. This is the binding force of a group.
Any behavior directed at group goals holds members
together; the more relevant to the group the goals are,
the more motivated the group is to stay and be
identified with it.
Shared characteristics. This group is different from a
primary group because of the presence of a common
background or shared characteristics like similar
religious belief, profession, ethnic background, race,
socioeconomic class, geographic location, and
lifestyle, among others.
According to Participation
1. Public or open-discussion group. An audience is
present to listen and at times to participate in the
proceedings (e.g., panel, lecture, and symposium).
2. Private or closed-group discussion. Is one in which
no audience listens or participates in the
proceedings. (e.g. executive council or cabinet
meeting, problem-solving meeting).
 According to Seating Arrangement
Group communication, to be effective, must take place in
a good environment, and this starts with the seating
arrangement. Seating arrangements are neither formal or
informal depending on the nature of the meeting.
 According to Communication Patterns
In general, interpersonal communication can be one-way
or two-way.
One-way communication pattern occurs when the
sender of the message transmits information in the
form of directives and expects no response, no further
questions or feedback. The message is sent faster and
easier because there is no need to deal with potential
questions and probable disagreement from the
receiver.
One-way communication
Two-way communication involves the sharing of
information between two or more parties in an
interactive exchange of ideas. The sender expects
feedback and provides response. This may be more
difficult and time consuming, but it ensures accurate
understanding of the message.
 Types of Small Discussion Groups
Panel Round-table Discussion
Discussion Tutorial Task Group

Symposium Roleplaying

Lecture Panel Simulation

Brainstorming Research or Inquiry Group

Panel Discussion
It is the most popular discussion-group.
Usually at academic, corporate, or scientific conferences, fan
conventions, or on television programs, a panel discussion, or simply
a panel, involves a group of people together to discuss a topic in
front of an audience.
Bringing together the best minds in a certain field to share knowledge
and build on one another's expertise is the goal of a panel discussion.
Panel discussions are helpful when a topic is too complex for one
person to cover or when the audience needs to hear from a variety of
speakers or points of view all at once.
The audience may be allowed to participate by asking questions.
EXAMPLE: Group of
psychologists,
doctors, and
sociologists discussing
the effects of
depression and
anxiety before a
college audience.
 Symposium
It is also a public or open discussion-group that combines instruction and
discussion.
it consists of a moderator and three to five experts.
it differs from the panel because each participant covers only one
specific phase of the whole topic under discussion.
Each expert presents his prepared speech on the topic assigned to
him; there is no interaction among the panelists.
After all the speeches, the audience may be called to participate by
asking questions.

Example: Physicians discussing with their colleagues the progress in

development of COVID-19 vaccine.
 Lecture Panel
It is an in-person or online conversation
about a particular subject among a chosen
group of panelists who offer contrasting
viewpoints in front of a sizable audience. It
is headed by a chairperson.
A recognized expert on the subject is
invited to present a lecture.
After the lecture, the panel members
ask him questions.
The audience listens but may or may
not participate.
 Round-Table Discussion
Round table discussions are informal, small-group deliberative
processes in which members' thoughts on a particular subject
are equitably exchanged. Roundtable conversations are
intimate gatherings in which all participants are entitled to
speak. A very small group of people participate in roundtable
discussions or deliberations, which are typically not open to
the general public and focus on a predetermined topic. All
participants should be treated equally as this is the main tenet
of a roundtable.
 Brainstorming Session
It is a freewheeling, no holds-barred style of problem-solving
discussion-group.
There are about five to 20 participants without any
moderator.
The participants are given a few minutes of silence to focus
on the subject matter and stimulate their imagination.
They are expected to say anything and everything that comes
to their mind about the problem or topic no matter how
irrelevant the ideas are while some writes down the ideas.
Quantity, not quality, of ideas is important.
 Tutorial
Teaching a small group of two to four students who
need help with skills they haven't mastered in a
large-group setting.
Computer software, adults, older pupils, and peers
can all serve as tutors.
General Instructional Objectives: Individual
Competencies, Inquiry, and Fundamental
Competencies
 Task Group
a small group of students that collaborate to finish a
certain task or assignment
Set objectives, individual deadlines, and timelines.
Delegation of responsibility, initiative, achievement,
planning abilities, group learning, emotional
consequences, reflection, and evaluation are all
general instructional objectives.
 Role Playing
a method of instruction
where students act out or
replicate a situation from real
life
The classroom might have
some drama thanks to role
playing.
 Simulation
a manufactured setting or circumstance that is
similar to a genuine setting or circumstance and
enables pupils to exercise problem-solving abilities
Choose simulations that support your learning
goals.
Applications include investment-based practice.
General Educational Goals: Skills Application,
Decision Making, and Inquiry
 Research or Inquiry Group
a particular form of small group setting where
pupils practice inquiry and problem-solving
techniques through a process of research and
analysis
questions with emphasis
Plan to assess each conversation
Analysis, Synthesis, Evaluation, and Student
Initiative for General Instructional Purposes
Lesson Public
Communication
Public Communication is a process of
exchanging messages among individuals or
groups of individuals engaged in a public dialog
to deliver a message to a particular audience.
Public Communication is the heart of
the economy, society and politics.
3 Components of Public Communication
1. AUDIENCE: It is crucial to understand the audience and tailor the
message to them. Instead of merely concentrating on you, the
speaker, or your message, you should prepare your speech with
an eye toward the audience. This strategy is known as audience-
centered. Knowing your target audience is one of the most crucial
tasks you must complete while speaking to an audience. You
should find out the audience's primary demographics, including
age, gender, sexual orientation, education, religion, the audience's
culture, ethnicity, and race, as well as the groups to which the
audience members belong. Knowing the values, attitudes, and
beliefs of your audience will also help you predict their needs.
2. OCCASION: Public speaking situations take place
at a fixed time and location, unlike most written
communication. Regarding timing, the speech may
be impacted by events that have just happened (for
example, the morning news may still be fresh in your
audience's minds), the time of day (lectures at 8:00
A.M. differ from lectures at 10:00 A.M.), and the fact
that it follows or precedes other speeches. Place
matters as well; different-sized rooms have an
impact on intimacy and visual assistance.
3. PURPOSE: When communicating, speakers
aim to achieve both broad and detailed goals.
There are two main goals for speaking in college
and beyond: to inform or to persuade. There is
no clear distinction between the two; many
talks will combine elements of both. They are
nevertheless helpful manuals for speakers.
Lesson Mediated
Communication
Any communication that uses technology as
the main route is referred to as mediated
communication. (Mediated communication and
media literacy, 2006; Devito, 2006).
2 Types of Mediated Communication
1. MASS COMMUNICATION
The "institutionalized production and
generalized diffusion of symbolic
products via the fixation and
transmission of information or symbolic
content" is known as mass
communication (Thompson 1995).
Informing, enlarging, educating, and
entertaining are some of the main
purposes of mass communication.
Kinds of Mass Media
1. Standard or traditional media
Over time, people created several written and
spoken languages and textual forms of
communication. Traditional media is regarded as
one of the earliest modes of communication,
passing culture and custom from one generation
to the next. Over time, communication tools
have evolved as a result of societal practices,
rituals, beliefs, and customs. Traditional media
comes in many different forms, including folk
songs and music, theater and drama, fairs and
festivals.
2. Print Media
A print version of information that is made available to a bigger audience
is referred to as print media. Manuscripts are used to disseminate
information to the general public throughout the Ancient or Early Ages.
The articles and printed materials that were made available to a wider
audience before the printing press's invention had to be handwritten. Print
media comes in a variety of formats, including newspapers, journals,
books, novels, and comics.

3. Electronic Broadcasting Media

Broadcast is the term used to describe the transmission of audio and
visual content utilizing an electronic broadcasting medium. Even illiterate
people and those with hearing or vision impairments can benefit from
receiving news and information through broadcast media. Traditional
telephones are just one type of electronic broadcasting medium.
4. Outdoor Media or Out of Home Media
Outdoor or out-of-home media are terms used to describe the
dissemination of news and information to the general public when they
are not inside their homes. Outside media is significant since it informs the
general public about new items, societal issues, or advertisements. Signs
and plaques, posters, banners, and wall space are some examples of
outdoor media.

5. Transit Media
Transit media centers on the idea of advertising to consumers while they
are away from home, traveling by any mode of transportation, or traveling
to public locations. A brand's promotion of a product or service is done by
placing advertisements on cars and public transportation. Bus advertising,
taxi advertising, and rail advertising are examples of transit media.
6. Digital Media or New Media
The Internet has replaced all other forms of
communication due to its speed and advanced digital
technologies. Users of digital media are active producers
of content as well as consumers of content and
information, allowing for two-way contact. Text, music,
images, and video can all be found in digital or new
media. Due to its accessibility with a computer and an
Internet connection, this medium of information
transmission is becoming more and more popular.
Emails, websites, social media platforms, blogging and
vlogging, e-forums and e-books, computer animations,
digital videos, e-commerce, virtual reality, and webcasts
and podcasts are all examples of digital media forms.
2. Computer-Mediated Communication
The interest in computer-mediated communication has increased
in tandem with the recent rapid development of information and
communication technology (CMC). This tendency has encouraged
both teachers and students to explore the advantages and
challenges of computer-mediated communication for language
teaching and learning since the late 1980s. A general term used
to describe human communication using computers is
"computer-mediated communication." Computer-mediated
communication can have one of two (2) forms: a. Synchronous
communication b. Asynchronous communication.
1. Synchronous Communication
When two or more people communicate synchronously,
they do so in real time. People expect real-time responses
in the majority of workplaces where communication occurs
in this manner. (e.g. face-to-face conversation)
2. Asynchronous Communication
the exchange of information between two or more
parties without the instantaneous response of
every recipient.
Asynchronous communication is becoming the new
standard in businesses today as more and more of
them do so. When people are allowed to respond
to inquiries on their own timetable, they are better
able to concentrate on the work at hand, which
enhances their performance and productivity.
Everyone benefits, thus it's a win-win situation!
Lesson

Video Conferencing and

Conference Call
A video conference is a real-time visual link
between two or more people who are
separate sites for communication purposes.
The most basic form of video conferencing
delivers text and static graphics for
communication between two points. When
most It is smart and transmits full-motion
video and high-quality audio between a
number of places.
How Video Conferencing Works?
Compression and transfer are the two processes that make up
the video conference process.
During compression, the webcam and microphone capture
analog AV input. Constant waves representing the acoustic,
visual, and sensory information that was obtained have
amplitudes and frequency. The data must be compressed into
digital packets using codecs in order for the recorded AV
input to transfer more quickly through broadband or Wi-Fi
Internet, as opposed to needing a network with exceptionally
high capacity.
Benefits and Importance of Video Conferencing
Video conferencing is essential because it enables
connections between people who otherwise could not
create a face-to-face connection. By giving employees a
better way to communicate and connect with clients,
business partners, and coworkers, it can increase employee
productivity in organizations. One of the key benefits of
video conferencing for businesses is the reduction in travel
costs, improved team communication, reduced project
schedules, and increased project efficiency, especially for
employee training.
Voice mail is a central repository for recorded
telephone messages that the recipient can
access whenever they want. It can send, receive,
store, forward, or delete telephone messages. It
also has the ability to save and forward
communications. Storage of private data is made
possible through secrecy. Additionally, it reduces
the often lost time and expense associated with
telephone interaction.
Guidelines for a Proper Voicemail Etiquette
1. A voice mail message should be between
15 and 40 seconds long.
2. Your entire name should be used at the
beginning and end of each voicemail.
3. Your message should be precise. To avoid
rambling, keep your sentences to one
concept each.
 LG6: Supplemental Activity (Forum)

1. What do you think is the importance of having

and conducting small-group communication?
2. During this pandemic, how does mediated
communication take over in terms of
communication?
3. State examples of how you were able to cope
with lockdown using mediated communication.
 LG6: Enrichment Activity
(Assignment)

Performing Small Group Discussion:

1. In your class, form a small group of 3 to 6 members.
Choose among the types of small group discussion,
e.g. Panel Discussion, Brainstorming, Round-table
Discussion, among others. Demonstrate a small group
discussion using synchronous, mediated
communication in 3-5 minutes. You may choose one
topic from the following topics:
TOPICS: Please choose one.
EDUCATION
HEALTH SERVICES
GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCERS

Record your synchronous communication using any

real-time networked computer channel – GMeet,
Zoom, or Skype. (TO BE MOTIFIED BY YOUR TEACHER)
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