06/01/2023 16:41 Microphone connections |

Microphone connections
epanorama June 1, 2010 Audio and Video, Electronics Design 47

I have written a lot of on electret microphone connections on my Powering microphones document. Here are some additions to my
documents on electret microphones I found at SANKEN Basis of Wiring Method web page.

The first circuit diagram shows the traditional “2 wire” method of wiring an electret capsule. Practically all electrets I have worked with have
been wired using this same idea (2 wire capsules have the FET is included in the microphone head wired in this way).

Image source: http://www.sanken-mic.com/en/qanda/index.cfm

This method can have approx.10dB gain because of FET DRAIN output which is usually good thing. The downside is that this kind of
microphones can have have some unevenness in output level because of FET gm difference. Also the mic may have a negative phase
output signal when it has a positive sound wave. Usually those are not a bog deal.

Here is another way to wire a 3-wire electret capsule with somewhat different properties:

Image source: http://www.sanken-mic.com/en/qanda/index.cfm

In this circuit there is no gain because a signal is FET SOURCE output (so the output signal level is around 10 dB lower). And I expect to
get a positive phase output signal from positive sound wave.

Third thing I have sometimes wondered is the wiring of the mini XLR connectors used on some wireless microphone transmitters.
The hCOS-11D PT Wiring Method for AKG Transmitter page gives one idea of such wiring. The page has also links to wiring instructions
for many other transmitters.

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