2

Fig. 1 shows the single-port sequence impedance Thevenin

equivalent networks used in the classic short-circuit
calculation method. Elements Zii(1), Zii(2), and Zii(0) are the
positive-, negative, and zero-sequence network Thevenin
equivalent impedances of Bus i or the sequence network
driving point impedances of Bus i.

Fig. 2. Sequence network system model

Fig. 3 shows the sequence network connection for the

A-phase-to-ground fault at Bus 2 and the resulting sequence
network fault currents.

Fig. 1 Sequence network Thevenin equivalent circuits

For a single-phase-to-ground fault, we connect the

positive-, negative-, and zero-sequence networks in series. For
a phase-to-phase-to-ground fault, we connect the positive-,
negative-, and zero-sequence networks in parallel. For a
phase-to-phase fault, we connect the positive- and negative-
sequence networks in parallel, and for three-phase faults, we
use only the positive-sequence network.
B. Example of Classic Short-Circuit Calculations
Calculate the sequence currents for a solid A-phase-to-
ground fault at Bus 2 for the system model shown in Fig. 2.
All quantities are in pu.
Connect the positive-, negative-, and zero-sequence
networks in series to model the A-phase-to-ground fault at
Bus 2. We connect the sequence networks in series to satisfy
the boundary conditions at the fault point, namely,
0 and Ib = Ic = 0. Compute the sequence network fault
currents.

Fig. 3. A-phase-to-ground fault at Bus 2