Introduction of

New
Technology
Learning Objectives :

 Automatic Switched Neutral Section

(ASNS)
 Anchor Bolt Arrangement
 Circular Foundation
 Precast Foundation
 2X25kV System
 Automatic
Switched
Neutral Section
(ASNS)
 Schematic Arrangement of Automatic
Switched Neutral Section (ASNS) on IR
Anchor Bolt Arrangement

 Anchor Bolt Arrangement

Foundation
 Sub-Use of Anchor-Bolt Arrangement type
OHE Mast Foundation in Hard Rock.

 Drawing (TI-DRG-CIV-ANCH)
Conditions for Anchor-Bolt Arrangement
for Mast Erection in Hard Rock of SBC-
90,000 Kg/cm2

1) This drawing is applicable foe locations where

hard rock is encountered during excavation.
2) This drawing is applicable for BFB, RSJ,
Fabricated mast-B-150, B-175 & B-200.

3) Rock soil testing is to be done at every 150Mtr

of the section.
4) Prior to erection of mast, a horizontal base of
concrete for base plate to be made. Rock surface
should be chiseled for making surface rough enough
to ensure rock bonding with M-20 grade concrete
which will be used to make horizontal surface.
Thickness of horizontal base of concrete shall not
be more than 150mm.

5) After the bolting of mast base plate is over, the base

should be covered with M-20 concrete muff, such
that the top of muff is above the ground level to
prevent the water collection around mast.
6) 8 nos. of ragged type HD bolts of size 28 mm ϕ, 950
MM length are to be anchor bolt arrangement.
7) Drilling of core holes of 40 mm dia and 1000 mm
deep on the rock to be done as per the plan details of
base plate.
8) The core holes to be drilled by vibration free machine,
if any crack of rock takes place during drilling the
matter should be reported to project in charge
immediately.
9) Ragged type bolts shall be grouted in drilled core hole
with non-shrinkable cementious epoxy material of
bonding strength not less than 15Kg/cm2.
10) For determination of bond stress between rock and
grout and between grout and ragged type bolt, pull out
test shall be done as per is:11309-ITS latest version.
Circular Foundation

 Cylindrical foundation on side bearing

locations letter to electrification
agencies

 Cylindrical foundations for side

bearing type (for conventional OHE)
(SBC-11000 Kg/m2)

 Cylindrical foundations for side

bearing type (for high rise OHE) (SBC-
11000 Kg/m2)
Introduction to
2X25kV
System
 Experience of Indian Railway
• In Indian railway
2X25kV System has
been commissioned for
regular Train Services
on BINA-KATNI
Section of West Central
Railway on 16.01.1995.
This was later extended
to KATNI-ANUPPUR-
BISHRAMPUR/CHIR
MIRI Section of South
East central Railway.
 Catenary
wire

Feeder wire

Contact wire
 Introduction of 2X25kV System

 The 2X25kV system is

based on the idea of
distributing the voltage
along the line at higher
voltage (50kV) and
feeding the train at
25kV. For this the
substations feed the
system at 50kV and
through intermediate
autotransformer centers
supply power to the
rolling stock at 25kV.
 To implement the system, the substation will have
transformers with secondary at 50kV with
intermediate tap. This tap will be connected to rail
and ground performing the functions of neutral in
the system. From the two phases, one will be
connected to the overhead contact line and other to
the auxiliary feeder also known as negative.
(Voltage is 180° out of phase with respect to the
overhead contact line). Thus, between the catenary
and the rail (rolling stock power supply) there is the
required 25kV. The intermediate autotransformer
centers will be connected between the catenary and
the negative, with the midpoint connected to the rail
ground.
 Type of Traction Sub-station in 2X25kV
System

 Three Type of Traction Sub-Station are in Indian

railway for 2X25kV System.

1) Traction Sub-Station with 54MVA Scott

connected Transformer

2) Traction Sub-Station with three Single Phase

Transformer (V connection)

3) Traction Sub Station with two single Phase

Transformer
1) Traction Sub-Station with 54MVA Scott connected
Transformer
2) Traction Sub-Station with three Single Phase
Transformer (V connection)
3) Traction Sub Station with two single Phase
Transformer
Current Distribution in 2X25kV System
Advantages of 2X25kV System

 Voltage Drop is much

less as compared to
conventional System.
(In 2X25kV system
current is distributed
through feeder wire
and OHE due to which
the current reduces to
half of the current in
OHE under existing
25kV system).
 Longer Spacing of Traction Sub Stations.

 Power Drawn is three Phase. This gives

possibility of reducing the voltage unbalance.

 There are more Traction Power Facilities

required for 2X25kV Autotransformer Feed Type
System than for 1X25kV System, but there are
fewer substations, with there associated HV
Utility Circuits, HV Transformers and HV
Switchgear-this is a major advantage.

 The Electromagnetic Interference emitted due to

the load current in the OCS and Running Rail is
considerably reduced.
SP
CR Device
Incoming 220 kV

CT & PT Measuring

LA
 HV CB

HV CT
SHUNT CAPACITOR BANK
Cross Feeder
PTFE Neutral Section
 Introduction of
“New Technology of
Pre-cast
Foundations”
in OHE
Salient features of the pre-
fabricated RCC foundations are :

 The report had suggested use of Auger Machines for

drilling and BFR mounted crane for placing of
fabricated circular foundations to speed up the
work.
 The volume of concrete for a pre-fabricated RCC
foundation was only about 1.2 cu.m. as against
conventional design foundations where concrete is
used with a volume of about 4.5 cu.m. (B type side
bearing foundations).
 Pre-fabricated reinforced cement concrete (RCC)
foundations consists of circular type of
foundations and the structure is provided with a
base plate to be fixed with holding down bolts.

 The pre-fabricated RCC foundation was proposed

to be of uniform diameter of 0.60 metre with
varying depth of 2.7 metre to 4.7 metre depending
upon the loading of the foundation.

 The cost of material for pre-fabricated RCC

foundation was assessed as Rs. 13,135/- as against
cost of conventional foundations of Rs. 22,680/-.
 The pre-fabricated RCC foundations was suitable
for side bearing and side gravity foundations.

 The foundations will take about 2-2.5 hours from

the time digging starts before mast erection can be
done whereas the corresponding time required in
the conventional method was minimum about 14
days including the setting time.

 The foundation is to be pre-cast in the depot

where better quality control can be exercised and
is then carried to site for erection.
 Moreover, the design used mast with welding of base
plate, an arrangement normally followed for
fabrication of bridge mast for railway electrification
works.

 In any project, the requirement of bridge mast is

normally very small. However, the use of pre-cast
foundations will lead to requirement of high number
of base plate welded structures. These structures
have problems of transportation as compared to the
normal structure without base-plates.
 It appears that due to all the above reasons, no
headway has been made even after preparation of
the detailed designs and issue of instructions by
Railway Board for carrying out the trials.
Proposed work with pre-cast
micro well foundations

 The revised design of pre-cast foundation uses

hollow micro well type of pre-cast foundation.
 The dimensions of the foundation are 750mm dia in
the bottom portion of the foundations which is
embedded below the ground and the top of the
foundations is having a width of 600 mm
perpendicular to the track above the ground level
with a view not to increase the implementation of
the foundation.
 The bottom of the foundation has a slight taper as
detailed in Annexure-I. This will lead to ease in
lowering of the foundation after the hole is drilled by
an augur.
 It will also ensure that there is a tight fit between the
soil and the pre-cast foundation.
 The corrugated outer surface of the foundation will
ensure that the bonding of the foundations with the
surrounding earth is proper and there is no loosening
of soil.
 The mast is required to be erected on this foundation
with the help of galvanized channels and galvanized
angles fitted on the micro well pre cast foundation.
 The mast itself does not have any base plate and
is supported through these channels with the
help of Holding Down Bolts of 28mm dia.

 The foundations can be casted away from site at

the depot etc. and transported from there on
BFRs and can be erected at site using auger and
cranes.
Benefits of revised arrangement
over the earlier pre cast foundations

 Before hollow in shape, the weight of the

foundations is ever lesser and is thus easier to
handle. The weight of the foundation varies from 1.8
T to 4.3 T for a depth of 2.3 m to 4.2 m.
 Mast does not have nay base plate arrangement and
is fixed on the foundation through angles, channels
and nut-bolts. Thus, the problem of transportation of
structure with base plate is also eliminated in this
method.
 The other advantages of faster erection of
foundations and better quality control due to
the nature of pre cast foundation is available
in this design also. In order to ensure proper
quality of the precast foundation, Railway
official of appropriate level will do quality
check of the casting of foundation at the
centralized location.
The detailed drawing of the micro well pre
cast foundation is enclosed as Annexure-I.

The various design parameters and the design

data’s are enclosed as Annexure-II.
 This type of foundations is suitable for bending
moment up to 7,000 kg.m and for vertical load up
to 3,000 kg.
 The present foundation is suitable for side bearing
and side gravity type of foundations.
 However, during the initial stage, the design has
not been prepared for Black Cotton Soil, Balance
Weight Anchor locations and portal foundations.
 These design are proposed to be developed in the
second phase after successful implementation of
the micro well pre-cast foundation.
Summary:

 Automatic Switched Neutral Section

(ASNS)
 Anchor Bolt Arrangement
 Circular Foundation
 Precast Foundation
 2X25kV System
Discharge/ Earthing
pole assembly
shall be inspected by
SE/ JE once a month.