INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FAILURE SIGNS, THEIR CAUSES AND DIAGNOSIS

FOR REUSAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
• Inspection points for parts reusage diagnosis
• Standards for failure determination

TYPICAL EXAMPLES OF FAILURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

• Cylinder head failures
• Valve failures

FAILURES AND THEIR CAUSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

• Cooling water
• Lubricating oil
• Fuel
• Air intake

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

CONSTRUCTION AND FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

• Cylinder heads
• Valves

BASIC MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
FORM NO. SEBG4020 Printed in Japan