05/08/11

Project Management

What is Project Management?

Project management means applying skills, k n o w l e d g e , a n d e s t a b l i s h e d p r o j e c t management tools, techniques and the processes used to carry out the project to produce the best results possible.

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Why Project Management?

Todays complex environments require ongoing implementa?ons Project management is a method and mindseta disciplined approach to managing chaos Project management provides a framework for working amidst persistent change

Why this ma>ers to You?

Most of us get to where we are by some technical or specic set of skills

If you want to get things done, you need a good blend of

Business knowledge People management Knowledge of organiza?onal poli?cs And an area of technical exper?se

These are the people that make things happen!

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What Is a Project?
A complex, non-rouEne, one-Eme eort limited by Eme, budget, resources, and performance specicaEons designed to meet customer needs. Major Characteris?cs of a Project Established objec?ve. Dened life span with a beginning and an end. Several departments & professionals. Involves doing something never been done before. Specic ?me, cost, and performance requirements.

Programs versus Projects

Program Dened A series of coordinated, related, mul?ple projects that con?nue over an extended ?me and are intended to achieve a goal. A higher-level group of projects targeted at a common goal. Example: Project: comple?on of a required course in Project Management. Program: comple?on of all courses required for obtaining a Masters in Mass Media degree.

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What is Management?
Management is Achieving Organiza:onal Goals by Eec?ve and Ecient use of its Resources through the Process of Planning, Organizing, Direc:ng and Controlling.

Resources

Process

Goals

Managing Projects
Applying both the science and art to planning, organizing implemen?ng, leading, and controlling the work of a project to meet the goals and objec?ves of the organiza?on. The process of dening a project, developing a plan, execu?ng the plan, monitoring progress against the plan, overcoming obstacles, managing risks, and taking correc?ve ac?ons. The process of managing the compe?ng demands and trade-os between the desired results of the project (scope, performance, quality) and the natural constraints of the project (?me and cost). The process of leading a team that has never worked together before to accomplish something that has never been done before in a given amount of ?me with a limited amount of money.

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Project Life Cycle

There are ve project phases collec?vely known as the project life cycle. The ve phases of a project life cycle are Ini?a?on, Planning, Execu?ng, Controlling, and Closing. Project Life Cycle is all the phases of a project when taken together from the beginning of the project to the end. Every project, whether it's building a bridge, publishing a book, construc?ng a building, or crea?ng a new so]ware program, progresses through this life cycle. At the end of each phase, the project manager and others determine whether the project should con?nue on to the next phase. Each phase in the life cycle has its own characteris?cs and produces outputs that serve as inputs into the next phase or, in the case of the Closing phase, serve as the nal approval for the project.

Project Life Cycle

IniEaEon Phase Dening

Planning Phase

Planning

ExecuEon Phase

ExecuEng

Controlling Phase Delivering Closing Phase

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Project Life Cycle

FIGURE 1.2

IniEaEon or Dening Phase

Ini?a?on is the rst phase of a project life cycle and is where the project is requested, approved, and begun. The IniEaEon phase determines which projects should be undertaken. It examines whether the project is worth doing and whether it is cost benecial to the company. Project ini?a?on acknowledges that the project should begin and commits the organiza?on's resources to working on the project. Some of the things that will be accomplished during this process are: Dening the major goals of the project Determining project selec?on criteria Assigning the project manager Wri?ng the project charter Obtaining sign-o of the project charter

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Planning Phase
Project planning is the heart of the project life cycle. This process tells everyone involved where you're going and how you're going to get there. The documents produced during the Planning phase will be used throughout the remaining project processes to carry out the ac?vi?es of the project and monitor their progress. Some of the things that will be accomplished during this process are:

Determining project deliverables Wri?ng and publishing a scope statement Establishing a project budget Dening project ac?vi?es and es?mates Developing a schedule Determining special skills needed to accomplish project tasks

ExecuEng Phase
Execu?ng is the process where the work of the project is produced. The ExecuEng phase is where most of the project resources are u?lized and most of the budget is spent. Some of the things that will be accomplished during this process are: Developing and forming the project team Direc?ng and leading the project team Obtaining other project resources Conduc?ng status review mee?ngs Communica?ng project informa?on Managing project progress Implemen?ng quality assurance procedures

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Controlling Phase
The Controlling phase of the project is where performance measures are taken to determine whether the project deliverables and objec?ves are being met. If not, correc?ve ac?ons are taken to get the project back on track and aligned with the project plan. This means that you might have to revisit the project Planning phase and the ExecuEng phase in order to put the correc?ve ac?ons into place. Change management also takes place in this process and involves reviewing, managing, and implemen?ng changes to the project. Some of the things that will be accomplished during this process are: Measuring performance against the plan Taking correc?ve ac?on when measures are outside the limits Evalua?ng the eec?veness of the correc?ve ac?ons Ensuring that project progress con?nues according to the plan Reviewing and implemen?ng change requests

Closing Phase
The Closing phase is the process that is most o]en skipped in the project life cycle. It seems that once the product of the project has been produced and the customer is sa?sed, the books are closed and everyone moves on to the next project. Some of the things that will be accomplished during this process are: Obtaining acceptance of project deliverables Documen?ng the lessons learned over the course of this project Archiving project records Formalizing the closure of the project Releasing project resources

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Project Life Cycle An Example

ProducEon and publishing of a book is an example of a project.

1. A book is started with an idea that is submieed for approval and then given the go-ahead a]er examina?on and selec?on based on various selec?on criteria (IniEaEon phase). 2. Then a plan is produced that also receives a review and approval (Planning phase). 3. Each chapter is wrieen (ExecuEng phase) and reviewed by technical experts for accuracy. 4. When errors are found or passages discovered that could be claried, no?ca?on is sent to the author for correc?on (Controlling phase). Correc?ons are made and resubmieed for review and approval (repeat of the Execu?ng and Controlling phases). 5. Finally, the book is completed, reviewed, approved, printed, and distributed to local booksellers (Closing phase).